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A monoclonal band (M-spike, monoclonal protein isotype) is often found in patients with monoclonal gammopathies. Following protein electrophoresis, immunofixation is used to identify the immunoglobulin heavy chain and/or light chain. Monoclonal peaks greater than 3 g/dL and IgG or IgA are seen in patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM). A monoclonal peak greater than 3 g/dL and IgM is seen in patients with macroglobulinemia. An alternate methodology for identifying the monoclonal protein isotype is MALDI-TOF, in which known information regarding the unique mass of each isotype is used to determine and quantify the isotype present in the patient sample based on the mass spectra generated from the sample. 1
In the OMOP vocabulary 8554 is a Standard Concept that represents the unit percent (%)
0
15.00
Monoclonal protein may not be present in urine. While the literature indicates that "large amounts" of monoclonal protein (M-spike) is an indicator of danger (multiple myeloma, for example) 2, 3, 4, exact proportions have been difficult to ascertain. As such, we use a data-driven approach to empirically establish possible low and high values, leads us to choose 0 and 15.