sagemathgh-37914: build/pkgs/python3: Update to 3.11.8, remove Cygw…

…in patches, remove pointless rpaths on macOS

    
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Author: @culler

Split out from:
- sagemath#37886

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### ⌛ Dependencies

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URL: sagemath#37914
Reported by: Matthias Köppe
Reviewer(s):