chore(deps): update alpine docker tag to v3.17

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Update	Change
alpine	minor	3.16 -> 3.17

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[strophy]

This PR contains an update to our base image to Alpine 3.17, which in turn bumps protoc from 3.18 to 3.21.

The JavaScript plugin was moved out to a separate repository in protobuf 3.21 (announcement), so a new protoc-gen-js plugin is now needed to generate JS code. Since this does not yet exist in Alpine (tracking issue here), and the plugin is not yet available in npm like it is for TypeScript, and the released plugin binaries depend on GNU libc instead of musl libc, we can build the plugin for musl using bazel (which also needs to be built, due to lack of arm support in Bazel 5.2.0+ for Alpine), which then supports both arm64 and amd64 arch in Alpine 3.17.

Alternatively, glibc linked binaries are available in the JavaScript plugin release, but this requires installation of libstdc++ in the Alpine target image. We could do that for greater simplicity and faster build times instead, but I expect build times will benefit from caching due to the structure of the Dockerfile.

@rvolosatovs please review :)

[rvolosatovs]

Nice! Really good job, thanks!