Fix #2132: Chapter List Page Issues (#2232) - Blur and lock thumbnail…

…s of inactive cards. (#2422) * Lock and blur * Replace color/white with #FFFFFF * Add \n * Move isBlurred to LessonThumbnailImageView. * Remove unused import. * Move dependency on Glide away from from ImageLoader. * Remove unneeded line. * Refactor Transformation-related code, add KDocs. * Renaming. * Remove unused import. * Reformat. * Add Mockk test * Add Mockk test - lint * Add blurring tests. * Mock ImageLoader in StoryActivityTest. * Add delay before image loading. * Nits and improvements. * Remove unused import. * Remove unused import. * Set image resources in LessonThumbnailImageView in addition to calling GlideImageLoader. * BlurTransformation re-write. * BlurTransformation re-write. * Add TestImageLoaderModule to some tests. * Lint * Add TestImageLoaderModule to more tests. * Add TestImageLoaderModule to more tests. * Update utility/src/main/java/org/oppia/android/util/parser/BlurTransformation.kt Co-authored-by: Ben Henning <[email protected]> * Update utility/src/main/java/org/oppia/android/util/parser/BlurTransformation.kt Co-authored-by: Ben Henning <[email protected]> * TestGlideImageLoader Refactor. * Reformat. * Reformat. * Reformat. * Nits and comments. * Revert changes in landscape design. * Change BlurTransformation to return a copy instead of 'toTransform'. * Update app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/story/StoryFragmentTest.kt Co-authored-by: Ben Henning <[email protected]> * Refactor TestGlideImageLoader. * Nits Co-authored-by: Ben Henning <[email protected]>
oppia · Feb 3, 2021 · 2bcd511 · 2bcd511
1 parent 9524453
commit 2bcd511
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Showing 15 changed files with 356 additions and 21 deletions.
diff --git a/app/src/main/java/org/oppia/android/app/customview/LessonThumbnailImageView.kt b/app/src/main/java/org/oppia/android/app/customview/LessonThumbnailImageView.kt
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import org.oppia.android.util.gcsresource.DefaultResourceBucketName
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.ConsoleLogger
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.DefaultGcsPrefix
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageLoader
+import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageTransformation
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageViewTarget
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ThumbnailDownloadUrlTemplate
 import javax.inject.Inject
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ class LessonThumbnailImageView @JvmOverloads constructor(
 ) : AppCompatImageView(context, attrs, defStyleAttr) {
 
   private val imageView = this
+  private var isBlurred: Boolean = false
   private lateinit var lessonThumbnail: LessonThumbnail
   private lateinit var entityId: String
   private lateinit var entityType: String
@@ -63,6 +65,10 @@ class LessonThumbnailImageView @JvmOverloads constructor(
     checkIfLoadingIsPossible()
   }
 
+  fun setIsBlurred(isBlurred: Boolean) {
+    this.isBlurred = isBlurred
+  }
+
   private fun checkIfLoadingIsPossible() {
     if (::entityId.isInitialized &&
       ::entityType.isInitialized &&
@@ -78,16 +84,25 @@ class LessonThumbnailImageView @JvmOverloads constructor(
   }
 
   private fun loadLessonThumbnail() {
+    var transformations = if (isBlurred) {
+      listOf(ImageTransformation.BLUR)
+    } else {
+      listOf()
+    }
     if (lessonThumbnail.thumbnailFilename.isNotEmpty()) {
-      loadImage(lessonThumbnail.thumbnailFilename)
+      loadImage(lessonThumbnail.thumbnailFilename, transformations)
     } else {
-      imageView.setImageResource(getLessonDrawableResource(lessonThumbnail))
+      imageLoader.loadDrawable(
+        getLessonDrawableResource(lessonThumbnail),
+        ImageViewTarget(this),
+        transformations
+      )
     }
     imageView.setBackgroundColor(lessonThumbnail.backgroundColorRgb)
   }
 
   /** Loads an image using Glide from [filename]. */
-  private fun loadImage(filename: String) {
+  private fun loadImage(filename: String, transformations: List<ImageTransformation>) {
     val imageName = String.format(
       thumbnailDownloadUrlTemplate,
       entityType,
@@ -96,9 +111,9 @@ class LessonThumbnailImageView @JvmOverloads constructor(
     )
     val imageUrl = "$gcsPrefix/$resourceBucketName/$imageName"
     if (imageUrl.endsWith("svg", ignoreCase = true)) {
-      imageLoader.loadSvg(imageUrl, ImageViewTarget(this))
+      imageLoader.loadSvg(imageUrl, ImageViewTarget(this), transformations)
     } else {
-      imageLoader.loadBitmap(imageUrl, ImageViewTarget(this))
+      imageLoader.loadBitmap(imageUrl, ImageViewTarget(this), transformations)
     }
   }
 

diff --git a/app/src/main/res/drawable/ic_baseline_lock_24.xml b/app/src/main/res/drawable/ic_baseline_lock_24.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<vector xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+  android:width="80dp"
+  android:height="80dp"
+  android:tint="#FFFFFF"
+  android:viewportWidth="24"
+  android:viewportHeight="24">
+  <path
+    android:fillColor="#FFFFFF"
+    android:pathData="M18,8h-1L17,6c0,-2.76 -2.24,-5 -5,-5S7,3.24 7,6v2L6,8c-1.1,0 -2,0.9 -2,2v10c0,1.1 0.9,2 2,2h12c1.1,0 2,-0.9 2,-2L20,10c0,-1.1 -0.9,-2 -2,-2zM12,17c-1.1,0 -2,-0.9 -2,-2s0.9,-2 2,-2 2,0.9 2,2 -0.9,2 -2,2zM15.1,8L8.9,8L8.9,6c0,-1.71 1.39,-3.1 3.1,-3.1 1.71,0 3.1,1.39 3.1,3.1v2z" />
+</vector>
diff --git a/app/src/main/res/layout-sw600dp/story_chapter_view.xml b/app/src/main/res/layout-sw600dp/story_chapter_view.xml
@@ -47,12 +47,35 @@
           android:scaleType="centerInside"
           app:entityId="@{viewModel.storyId}"
           app:entityType="@{viewModel.entityType}"
+          app:isBlurred="@{viewModel.chapterSummary.chapterPlayState == ChapterPlayState.NOT_PLAYABLE_MISSING_PREREQUISITES}"
           app:layout_constraintDimensionRatio="16:9"
           app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
           app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
           app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
           app:lessonThumbnail="@{viewModel.chapterThumbnail}" />
 
+        <View
+          android:layout_width="match_parent"
+          android:layout_height="0dp"
+          android:alpha="0.5"
+          android:background="@{viewModel.chapterThumbnail.backgroundColorRgb}"
+          android:visibility="@{viewModel.chapterSummary.chapterPlayState == ChapterPlayState.NOT_PLAYABLE_MISSING_PREREQUISITES ? View.VISIBLE : View.INVISIBLE}"
+          app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail" />
+
+        <ImageView
+          android:layout_width="match_parent"
+          android:layout_height="match_parent"
+          android:scaleType="center"
+          android:src="@drawable/ic_baseline_lock_24"
+          android:visibility="@{viewModel.chapterSummary.chapterPlayState == ChapterPlayState.NOT_PLAYABLE_MISSING_PREREQUISITES ? View.VISIBLE : View.INVISIBLE}"
+          app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail" />
+
         <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
           android:layout_width="match_parent"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"

diff --git a/app/src/main/res/layout/story_chapter_view.xml b/app/src/main/res/layout/story_chapter_view.xml
@@ -47,12 +47,35 @@
           android:scaleType="centerInside"
           app:entityId="@{viewModel.storyId}"
           app:entityType="@{viewModel.entityType}"
+          app:isBlurred="@{viewModel.chapterSummary.chapterPlayState == ChapterPlayState.NOT_PLAYABLE_MISSING_PREREQUISITES}"
           app:layout_constraintDimensionRatio="16:9"
           app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
           app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
           app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
           app:lessonThumbnail="@{viewModel.chapterThumbnail}" />
 
+        <View
+          android:layout_width="match_parent"
+          android:layout_height="0dp"
+          android:alpha="0.5"
+          android:background="@{viewModel.chapterThumbnail.backgroundColorRgb}"
+          android:visibility="@{viewModel.chapterSummary.chapterPlayState == ChapterPlayState.NOT_PLAYABLE_MISSING_PREREQUISITES ? View.VISIBLE : View.INVISIBLE}"
+          app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail" />
+
+        <ImageView
+          android:layout_width="match_parent"
+          android:layout_height="match_parent"
+          android:scaleType="center"
+          android:src="@drawable/ic_baseline_lock_24"
+          android:visibility="@{viewModel.chapterSummary.chapterPlayState == ChapterPlayState.NOT_PLAYABLE_MISSING_PREREQUISITES ? View.VISIBLE : View.INVISIBLE}"
+          app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail"
+          app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/chapter_thumbnail" />
+
         <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
           android:layout_width="match_parent"
           android:layout_height="wrap_content"

diff --git a/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/home/RecentlyPlayedFragmentTest.kt b/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/home/RecentlyPlayedFragmentTest.kt
@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@ import org.oppia.android.testing.RobolectricModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestAccessibilityModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestCoroutineDispatchers
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestDispatcherModule
+import org.oppia.android.testing.TestImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestLogReportingModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.profile.ProfileTestHelper
 import org.oppia.android.util.caching.testing.CachingTestModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.gcsresource.GcsResourceModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.LoggerModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.firebase.FirebaseLogUploaderModule
-import org.oppia.android.util.parser.GlideImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.HtmlParserEntityTypeModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageParsingModule
 import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ class RecentlyPlayedFragmentTest {
       ItemSelectionInputModule::class, MultipleChoiceInputModule::class,
       NumberWithUnitsRuleModule::class, NumericInputRuleModule::class, TextInputRuleModule::class,
       DragDropSortInputModule::class, ImageClickInputModule::class, InteractionsModule::class,
-      GcsResourceModule::class, GlideImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
+      GcsResourceModule::class, TestImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
       HtmlParserEntityTypeModule::class, QuestionModule::class, TestLogReportingModule::class,
       TestAccessibilityModule::class, LogStorageModule::class, CachingTestModule::class,
       PrimeTopicAssetsControllerModule::class, ExpirationMetaDataRetrieverModule::class,

diff --git a/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/story/StoryActivityTest.kt b/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/story/StoryActivityTest.kt
@@ -57,12 +57,12 @@ import org.oppia.android.testing.RobolectricModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestAccessibilityModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestCoroutineDispatchers
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestDispatcherModule
+import org.oppia.android.testing.TestImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestLogReportingModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.caching.testing.CachingTestModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.gcsresource.GcsResourceModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.LoggerModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.firebase.FirebaseLogUploaderModule
-import org.oppia.android.util.parser.GlideImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.HtmlParserEntityTypeModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageParsingModule
 import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ class StoryActivityTest {
       ItemSelectionInputModule::class, MultipleChoiceInputModule::class,
       NumberWithUnitsRuleModule::class, NumericInputRuleModule::class, TextInputRuleModule::class,
       DragDropSortInputModule::class, ImageClickInputModule::class, InteractionsModule::class,
-      GcsResourceModule::class, GlideImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
+      GcsResourceModule::class, TestImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
       HtmlParserEntityTypeModule::class, QuestionModule::class, TestLogReportingModule::class,
       TestAccessibilityModule::class, LogStorageModule::class, CachingTestModule::class,
       PrimeTopicAssetsControllerModule::class, ExpirationMetaDataRetrieverModule::class,

diff --git a/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/story/StoryFragmentTest.kt b/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/story/StoryFragmentTest.kt
@@ -23,12 +23,22 @@ import androidx.test.ext.junit.runners.AndroidJUnit4
 import androidx.test.rule.ActivityTestRule
 import com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat
 import dagger.Component
+import dagger.Module
+import dagger.Provides
 import org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.allOf
 import org.junit.After
 import org.junit.Before
 import org.junit.Rule
 import org.junit.Test
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor
+import org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyInt
+import org.mockito.Captor
+import org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce
+import org.mockito.Mockito.mock
+import org.mockito.Mockito.verify
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoJUnit
+import org.mockito.junit.MockitoRule
 import org.oppia.android.R
 import org.oppia.android.app.activity.ActivityComponent
 import org.oppia.android.app.application.ActivityComponentFactory
@@ -37,13 +47,16 @@ import org.oppia.android.app.application.ApplicationInjector
 import org.oppia.android.app.application.ApplicationInjectorProvider
 import org.oppia.android.app.application.ApplicationModule
 import org.oppia.android.app.application.ApplicationStartupListenerModule
+import org.oppia.android.app.customview.LessonThumbnailImageView
 import org.oppia.android.app.model.ProfileId
 import org.oppia.android.app.player.exploration.ExplorationActivity
 import org.oppia.android.app.player.state.hintsandsolution.HintsAndSolutionConfigModule
 import org.oppia.android.app.recyclerview.RecyclerViewMatcher.Companion.atPositionOnView
 import org.oppia.android.app.recyclerview.RecyclerViewMatcher.Companion.hasItemCount
 import org.oppia.android.app.shim.ViewBindingShimModule
 import org.oppia.android.app.utility.OrientationChangeAction.Companion.orientationLandscape
+import org.oppia.android.app.utility.anyOrNull
+import org.oppia.android.app.utility.capture
 import org.oppia.android.domain.classify.InteractionsModule
 import org.oppia.android.domain.classify.rules.continueinteraction.ContinueModule
 import org.oppia.android.domain.classify.rules.dragAndDropSortInput.DragDropSortInputModule
@@ -76,9 +89,10 @@ import org.oppia.android.util.caching.testing.CachingTestModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.gcsresource.GcsResourceModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.LoggerModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.firebase.FirebaseLogUploaderModule
-import org.oppia.android.util.parser.GlideImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.HtmlParserEntityTypeModule
+import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageLoader
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageParsingModule
+import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageTransformation
 import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
 import org.robolectric.annotation.LooperMode
 import javax.inject.Inject
@@ -89,6 +103,9 @@ import javax.inject.Singleton
 @LooperMode(LooperMode.Mode.PAUSED)
 @Config(application = StoryFragmentTest.TestApplication::class, qualifiers = "port-xxhdpi")
 class StoryFragmentTest {
+  @Rule
+  @JvmField
+  val mockitoRule: MockitoRule = MockitoJUnit.rule()
 
   @Inject
   lateinit var profileTestHelper: ProfileTestHelper
@@ -102,6 +119,9 @@ class StoryFragmentTest {
   @Inject
   lateinit var testCoroutineDispatchers: TestCoroutineDispatchers
 
+  @Captor
+  lateinit var listCaptor: ArgumentCaptor<List<ImageTransformation>>
+
   @get:Rule
   var activityTestRule: ActivityTestRule<StoryActivity> = ActivityTestRule(
     StoryActivity::class.java, /* initialTouchMode= */ true, /* launchActivity= */ false
@@ -304,6 +324,65 @@ class StoryFragmentTest {
     }
   }
 
+  @Test
+  fun testStoryFragment_chapterMissingPrerequisiteThumbnailIsBlurred() {
+    launch<StoryActivity>(createFractionsStoryActivityIntent()).use {
+      testCoroutineDispatchers.runCurrent()
+      onView(allOf(withId(R.id.story_chapter_list))).perform(
+        scrollToPosition<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>(
+          2
+        )
+      )
+      onView(
+        atPositionOnView(
+          R.id.story_chapter_list,
+          2,
+          R.id.chapter_thumbnail
+        )
+      ).check { view, noViewFoundException ->
+        var lessonThumbnailImageView = view.findViewById<LessonThumbnailImageView>(
+          R.id.chapter_thumbnail
+        )
+        verify(lessonThumbnailImageView.imageLoader, atLeastOnce()).loadDrawable(
+          anyInt(),
+          anyOrNull(),
+          capture(listCaptor)
+        )
+        assertThat(listCaptor.value).contains(ImageTransformation.BLUR)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  fun testStoryFragment_configChange_chapterMissingPrerequisiteThumbnailIsBlurred() {
+    launch<StoryActivity>(createFractionsStoryActivityIntent()).use {
+      testCoroutineDispatchers.runCurrent()
+      onView(isRoot()).perform(orientationLandscape())
+      onView(allOf(withId(R.id.story_chapter_list))).perform(
+        scrollToPosition<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>(
+          2
+        )
+      )
+      onView(
+        atPositionOnView(
+          R.id.story_chapter_list,
+          2,
+          R.id.chapter_thumbnail
+        )
+      ).check { view, noViewFoundException ->
+        var lessonThumbnailImageView = view.findViewById<LessonThumbnailImageView>(
+          R.id.chapter_thumbnail
+        )
+        verify(lessonThumbnailImageView.imageLoader, atLeastOnce()).loadDrawable(
+          anyInt(),
+          anyOrNull(),
+          capture(listCaptor)
+        )
+        assertThat(listCaptor.value).contains(ImageTransformation.BLUR)
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   @Test
   fun testStoryFragment_chapterMissingPrerequisiteIsShownCorrectly() {
     launch<StoryActivity>(createFractionsStoryActivityIntent()).use {
@@ -445,7 +524,7 @@ class StoryFragmentTest {
       ItemSelectionInputModule::class, MultipleChoiceInputModule::class,
       NumberWithUnitsRuleModule::class, NumericInputRuleModule::class, TextInputRuleModule::class,
       DragDropSortInputModule::class, ImageClickInputModule::class, InteractionsModule::class,
-      GcsResourceModule::class, GlideImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
+      GcsResourceModule::class, TestModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
       HtmlParserEntityTypeModule::class, QuestionModule::class, TestLogReportingModule::class,
       TestAccessibilityModule::class, LogStorageModule::class, CachingTestModule::class,
       PrimeTopicAssetsControllerModule::class, ExpirationMetaDataRetrieverModule::class,
@@ -479,4 +558,12 @@ class StoryFragmentTest {
 
     override fun getApplicationInjector(): ApplicationInjector = component
   }
+
+  /** Provides test dependencies (including a mock for [ImageLoader] to capture its operations). */
+  @Module
+  class TestModule {
+    @Provides
+    @Singleton
+    fun provideMockImageLoader() = mock(ImageLoader::class.java)
+  }
 }
diff --git a/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/topic/info/TopicInfoFragmentTest.kt b/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/topic/info/TopicInfoFragmentTest.kt
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ import org.oppia.android.testing.RunOn
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestAccessibilityModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestCoroutineDispatchers
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestDispatcherModule
+import org.oppia.android.testing.TestImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestLogReportingModule
 import org.oppia.android.testing.TestPlatform
 import org.oppia.android.util.caching.testing.CachingTestModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.gcsresource.GcsResourceModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.LoggerModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.logging.firebase.FirebaseLogUploaderModule
-import org.oppia.android.util.parser.GlideImageLoaderModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.HtmlParserEntityTypeModule
 import org.oppia.android.util.parser.ImageParsingModule
 import org.robolectric.annotation.Config
@@ -350,7 +350,7 @@ class TopicInfoFragmentTest {
       ItemSelectionInputModule::class, MultipleChoiceInputModule::class,
       NumberWithUnitsRuleModule::class, NumericInputRuleModule::class, TextInputRuleModule::class,
       DragDropSortInputModule::class, ImageClickInputModule::class, InteractionsModule::class,
-      GcsResourceModule::class, GlideImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
+      GcsResourceModule::class, TestImageLoaderModule::class, ImageParsingModule::class,
       HtmlParserEntityTypeModule::class, QuestionModule::class, TestLogReportingModule::class,
       TestAccessibilityModule::class, LogStorageModule::class, CachingTestModule::class,
       PrimeTopicAssetsControllerModule::class, ExpirationMetaDataRetrieverModule::class,

diff --git a/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/utility/MockitoKotlinHelper.kt b/app/src/sharedTest/java/org/oppia/android/app/utility/MockitoKotlinHelper.kt
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 package org.oppia.android.app.utility
 
 import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor
+import org.mockito.Mockito.any
 
 /**
  * Returns ArgumentCaptor.capture() as nullable type to avoid java.lang.IllegalStateException
  * when null is returned.
  */
 fun <T> capture(argumentCaptor: ArgumentCaptor<T>): T = argumentCaptor.capture()
+
+/** Matches anything, including nulls. */
+fun <T> anyOrNull(): T = any()