fix(core): Make execution and its data creation atomic

packages/cli/src/ActiveExecutions.ts

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
 	ExecutionCancelledError,
 	sleep,
 } from 'n8n-workflow';
+import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert';
 
 import type {
 	ExecutionPayload,
@@ -74,9 +75,7 @@ export class ActiveExecutions {
 			}
 
 			executionId = await this.executionRepository.createNewExecution(fullExecutionData);
-			if (executionId === undefined) {
-				throw new ApplicationError('There was an issue assigning an execution id to the execution');
-			}
+			assert(executionId);
 
 			await this.concurrencyControl.throttle({ mode, executionId });
 			executionStatus = 'running';

packages/cli/src/databases/repositories/execution.repository.ts

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import {
 } from 'n8n-workflow';
 import { BinaryDataService } from 'n8n-core';
 import { ExecutionCancelledError, ErrorReporterProxy as ErrorReporter } from 'n8n-workflow';
+import * as Db from '@/Db';
 
 import type {
 	ExecutionPayload,
@@ -270,17 +271,27 @@ export class ExecutionRepository extends Repository<ExecutionEntity> {
 		return rest;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Insert a new execution and its execution data using a transaction.
+	 */
 	async createNewExecution(execution: ExecutionPayload): Promise<string> {
-		const { data, workflowData, ...rest } = execution;
-		const { identifiers: inserted } = await this.insert(rest);
-		const { id: executionId } = inserted[0] as { id: string };
-		const { connections, nodes, name, settings } = workflowData ?? {};
-		await this.executionDataRepository.insert({
-			executionId,
-			workflowData: { connections, nodes, name, settings, id: workflowData.id },
-			data: stringify(data),
+		return await Db.transaction(async (transactionManager) => {
+			const { data, workflowData, ...rest } = execution;
+			const insertResult = await transactionManager.insert(ExecutionEntity, rest);
+			const { id: executionId } = insertResult.identifiers[0] as { id: string };
+
+			const { connections, nodes, name, settings } = workflowData ?? {};
+			await this.executionDataRepository.createExecutionDataForExecution(
+				{
+					executionId,
+					workflowData: { connections, nodes, name, settings, id: workflowData.id },
+					data: stringify(data),
+				},
+				transactionManager,
+			);
+
+			return String(executionId);
 		});
-		return String(executionId);
 	}
 
 	async markAsCrashed(executionIds: string | string[]) {

packages/cli/src/databases/repositories/executionData.repository.ts

@@ -1,13 +1,33 @@
 import { Service } from 'typedi';
+import type { EntityManager } from '@n8n/typeorm';
+import type { IWorkflowBase } from 'n8n-workflow';
 import { DataSource, In, Repository } from '@n8n/typeorm';
 import { ExecutionData } from '../entities/ExecutionData';
 
+export interface CreateExecutionDataOpts extends Pick<ExecutionData, 'data' | 'executionId'> {
+	workflowData: Pick<IWorkflowBase, 'connections' | 'nodes' | 'name' | 'settings' | 'id'>;
+}
+
 @Service()
 export class ExecutionDataRepository extends Repository<ExecutionData> {
 	constructor(dataSource: DataSource) {
 		super(ExecutionData, dataSource.manager);
 	}
 
+	async createExecutionDataForExecution(
+		executionData: CreateExecutionDataOpts,
+		trx?: EntityManager,
+	) {
+		trx = trx ?? this.manager;
+		const { data, executionId, workflowData } = executionData;
+
+		return await trx.insert(ExecutionData, {
+			executionId,
+			data,
+			workflowData,
+		});
+	}
+
 	async findByExecutionIds(executionIds: string[]) {
 		return await this.find({
 			select: ['workflowData'],

packages/cli/test/integration/database/repositories/execution.repository.test.ts

@@ -52,5 +52,34 @@ describe('ExecutionRepository', () => {
 			});
 			expect(executionData?.data).toEqual('[{"resultData":"1"},{}]');
 		});
+
+		it('should not create execution if execution data insert fails', async () => {
+			const executionRepo = Container.get(ExecutionRepository);
+			const executionDataRepo = Container.get(ExecutionDataRepository);
+
+			const workflow = await createWorkflow({ settings: { executionOrder: 'v1' } });
+			jest
+				.spyOn(executionDataRepo, 'createExecutionDataForExecution')
+				.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error());
+
+			await expect(
+				async () =>
+					await executionRepo.createNewExecution({
+						workflowId: workflow.id,
+						data: {
+							//@ts-expect-error This is not needed for tests
+							resultData: {},
+						},
+						workflowData: workflow,
+						mode: 'manual',
+						startedAt: new Date(),
+						status: 'new',
+						finished: false,
+					}),
+			).rejects.toThrow();
+
+			const executionEntities = await executionRepo.find();
+			expect(executionEntities).toBeEmptyArray();
+		});
 	});
 });