stumptown-renderer

Quickstart

These steps should get you started, locally, straight away:

git clone --recursive https://github.com/mdn/stumptown-renderer.git
cd stumptown-renderer
cp .env-dist .env
yarn
yarn start
open http://localhost:3000

To really understand how it starts and how to break down the various tools, open Procfile or the package.json. Or, read on...

Stumptown-content

By default, content from stumptown-content is not included. To add it you need to do two things.

1. Edit your .env file to put where the packaged stumptown-content files are. For example: BUILD_STUMTPTOWN_ROOT=/path/to/stumptown-content/packaged

2. Go into your stumptown-content folder (if you use the default git submodule it's in ./stumptown) and run npm install && npm run build-json

Now, when building content it will read from multiple sources in a predetermined order.

Note! In a future revision we will probably not use the filesystem but inside fully integrate stumptown-content as a Node package and execute its tools for turning .md files into .json files that the builder can use.

Archive content

Archive content is content that does not get included by default. Its files are treated differently. For example, the HTML blobs can not contain KumaScript and they don't get included in sitemap XML files for example.

Overview

stumptown-content is a couple of things:

1. It's the source of truth. The content comes in the form of .md files and associated .yaml files that supplies the required metadata. These files are what's expected to be edited, with pull requests, by people who want to improve the content.

2. Recipe definitions. It's a bit like a template if you like. Each section of content is broken up into pieces, by keys, such as prose.short_description. What the recipes do is they dictate how these pieces are supposed to be put together in a final block of HTML.

3. Scripts that convert .md files (with their respective .yaml file) into blocks of HTML strings. These are put into .json files keyed by the pieces for each content page. Once transformed from .md to .json, together with the recipe, you can construct a final block of HTML

What this project does is;

From content in stumptown, produce HTML using React components.

But this project also attempts to make those pages ready for viewing in a browser. It uses create-react-app to define a HTML template and the React components within are used in two different ways:

1. You execute the command line program to produce ready-to-statically-serve .html files that can be opened without an application server. (e.g. Nginx or Netlify)

2. All the React components that are used by the cli are usable in the browser too. For every produced <page>/index.html file there's also a <page>/index.json which contains all the information to be able to render it client-side after an XHR request gathers the information.

Installing

If you haven't already done so, run:

cd where/you/want/to/clone/it
git clone --recursive https://github.com/mdn/stumptown-renderer.git
cd stumptown-renderer

You need a decent version of node (>= 10.11.0), yarn, and npm.

After you have cloned the repo and want to pull in upstream changes run:

git pull origin master
git submodule update

Development

To do local development, there are many services to start. The simplest is to use nf which is a dev dependency that gets installed by the root package.json and executed like this:

yarn
yarn start

That will start a React dev-server at http://localhost:3000. If you change any of them files in client/src it will reload and refresh your browser. If you edit any of the Markdown files in stumptown it will repackage that file and refresh your browser too.

Note! We hope to use, as an alternative to nf, docker-compose. See mdn#23 But even then, using docker-compose should and will be optional.

Contributing

Open two terminals. In one, run (this will take a little time the first time):

yarn workspace server start

In another terminal:

yarn workspace client start

Now you should have two servers:

1. http://localhost:3000 (open this in your browser)

2. http://localhost:5000

Note that when you run the React dev server (on localhost:3000) it depends on the files built by stumptown and consequently built by the cli. You can now hack on the key React components and just refresh the browser to see the effect immediately. If you want re-build the content made available to the React components, open another terminal and run:

yarn build

To re-run any of the installation and build steps you can, at any time, run:

yarn

Testing production builds

Suppose that you're working on a feature or bug that only relates to the files being compiled for production use, here's how you'd do that:

yarn deployment-build
yarn start server
open http://localhost:5000/

You can keep the yarn start server in a separate terminal and keep it as you run yarn deployment-build over and over. That server, on port 5000, just serves the built files and nothing else.

Setting up $EDITOR

If you configure an environment variable called EDITOR, either on your system as a whole or in the root .env file, it can be used in the development server to link to stumptown-content sources which, when clicked, opens in your preferred editor/IDE. For example, in the root:

echo 'EDITOR=code' >> .env

Now clicking certain links will open files directly in the currently open VSCode IDE.

Building

The beauty of package.json is that it's a recorded "snapshot" of some good working default commands. If you're trying to do something slightly different, such as hacking on some feature, you can open the package.json and take inspriation from it rather than thinking it's the only way. So, open it and learn how the default commands work.

Deployment Build

For example, the most important command beyond the active development one mentioned in the section above is:

yarn deployment-build

That one does "everything" and you end up with a full directory that has all the static bundles of JavaScript, CSS, and the .html files. That directory can be shipped to a static hosting platform like AWS S3 for example.

Note that as part of yarn start it also starts up a plain HTTP server on http://localhost:5000 which simply serves the generates static assets and the the .html files.

Building a specific file

To build a page based on an existing content JSON, you need to run the cli with a relative path to the content.

cd cli
yarn start ../stumptown/packaged/html/HTML.json

Specifying a different content directory

If you're actively working on a piece of content in stumptown-content but for convenience you don't want to mess with the stumptown-content that is available here in this project as a git submodule (named stumptown), then you can set the STUMPTOWN_CONTENT_ROOT environment variable. For example:

cd ~/projects/stumptown-renderer
# running 'yarn build' now would use ~/projects/stumptown-renderer/stumptown
yarn cross-env STUMPTOWN_CONTENT_ROOT=~/stumptown-content yarn build
# or
yarn cross-env STUMPTOWN_CONTENT_ROOT=~/stumptown-content yarn deployment-build

Security Auditing

To check that all node modules are up to date to secure versions you can run

yarn audit

It will execute yarn audit in each sub-package. To remedy yarn auditing warnings, refer to the official yarn documentation.

Linting (formatting)

Linting is done with Prettier. It's checked in CI but also installed as a git hook. The configuration (i.e. our choices) are deliberately omitted which means it applies all the default choices from stock Prettier. For example, line width 80, 2 spaces indentation, semicolon strings, single quotes, no trailing commas, etc.

To check all files once run:

yarn prettier-check

To only check the files you have touched in the current git stage:

yarn pretty-quick --branch master

Note this command does not complain, it fixes. Meaning, if you make an edit to a .js file and accidentally violate the Prettier rules, simply running this will fix the violation. For example:

emacs client/src/app.js
yarn pretty-quick --branch master

And if you just want to format all existing files (might be useful after you've run yarn upgrade prettier --latest for example):

yarn prettier-format

Adding dependencies

To add a new NPM dependency into one of the workspaces, start a shell in the root directory. From there, type:

yarn workspace client add some-lib
# or...
yarn workspace ssr add --dev [email protected]

This will update the /yarn.lock file and your /node_modules.

NOTE! Due to a bug in yarn v1, you have to run yarn install --ignore-scripts one extra time so that the /yarn.lock file gets corrected. We hope to remove this requirement when we can switch to yarn v2 in 2020. For now, to make it easier for you, we have this added as a huskey pre-commit hook so simply committing your changes will fix it for you automatically.

Server-Sider Rendering

Usually, when doing local development work you don't need server-side rendering. But it's a luxury to have for these reasons:

1. It's faster for the sake of SEO and will work in any non-JavaScript enabled browser.

2. When all possible URLs are pre-generated and uploaded as static files you don't need a clever server that knows to "reroute" all (non-static) URLs to /index.html.

3. If you can, with the cli, generate every single possible file ready for static serving there's an opportunity to do expensive post-processing such as extracting critical CSS or calculating nonce for CSP headers.

Deployment

Deployment means that you prepare one whole single directory that is all that is needed. This build directory is ready to ship to wherever you host your static site. Build everything with:

yarn deployment-build

What it does is a mix of yarn workspace server start and yarn workspace client start but without starting a server. It also, builds a index.html file for every document found and processed by the cli. This whole directory is ready to be uploaded to S3 or Netlify.

Goals and Not-Goals

Number one goal right now: Being able to turn a stumptown content into a HTML block that you can view in a browser.

Another useful goal is that building HTML pages is the ultimate litmus test to check that the whole chain works. If a pull request is made against content/html/properties/video/prose.md you should be able to render that. If the rendering fails, it's most likely due to a serious problem in the the prose.md (or the meta.yaml) file.

It's not a goal to slot this perfectly into kuma. First and foremost the React components, that takes the .json from stumptown's packaging, can produce a valid DOM as a string.

It's not a goal to have every feature that kuma has.

Nice To Haves

In principle since every piece of content (transformed) is available it can be used to feed a graph so that we can have automatic relevant links. E.g. the html/content/properties/video/ should know that html/content/properties/canvas/ is available and within the same reach.

Also, we can use the content to feed a full-text search engine. Be that Elasticsearch or FlexSearch it will need a dynamic server which we don't yet have.

At the moment, a cli produces the fully viewable index.html files. This has advantages that we can prepare every single page in something like a deployment script or a build step in CI. But we could also start a Node ExpressJS server and do the same thing there. The URL is the input instead of the file path on disk.

Upgrading Packages

First, to find out which applications have out-of-date packages, run:

yarn outdated

If it mentions outdated packages, run and select the packages you want to upgrade:

yarn upgrade-interactive

Upgrading React

React is used in at least two places; the client and the cli. It's important that both of these project folders have the same version of React so that server-side rendering and client-side rendering have matching version.

Also, react and react-dom should be upgraded at the same time since they share release cycles. To do that run the following and make sure to update both the client's and the cli's react and react-dom dependencies.

yarn upgrade-interactive --latest

Icons and logos

The various formats and sizes of the favicon is generated from the file mdn-web-docs.svg in the repository root. This file is then converted to favicons using realfavicongenerator.net. To generate new favicons, edit or replace the mdn-web-docs.svg file and then re-upload that to realfavicongenerator.net.