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kubeadm: adds upgrade instructions for 1.13 (#11138)
* kubeadm: adds upgrade instructions for 1.13 Signed-off-by: Chuck Ha <[email protected]> * add minor copyedits Addressed a couple of copyedit comments a bit more cleanly.
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content/en/docs/tasks/administer-cluster/kubeadm/kubeadm-upgrade-1-13.md
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| --- | ||
| reviewers: | ||
| - sig-cluster-lifecycle | ||
| title: Upgrading kubeadm clusters from v1.12 to v1.13 | ||
| content_template: templates/task | ||
| --- | ||
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| {{% capture overview %}} | ||
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| This page explains how to upgrade a Kubernetes cluster created with `kubeadm` from version 1.12.x to version 1.13.x, and from version 1.13.x to 1.13.y, where `y > x`. | ||
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| {{% /capture %}} | ||
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| {{% capture prerequisites %}} | ||
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| - You need to have a `kubeadm` Kubernetes cluster running version 1.12.0 or later. | ||
| [Swap must be disabled][swap]. | ||
| The cluster should use a static control plane and etcd pods. | ||
| - Make sure you read the [release notes](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/CHANGELOG-1.13.md) carefully. | ||
| - Make sure to back up any important components, such as app-level state stored in a database. | ||
| `kubeadm upgrade` does not touch your workloads, only components internal to Kubernetes, but backups are always a best practice. | ||
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| [swap]: https://serverfault.com/questions/684771/best-way-to-disable-swap-in-linux | ||
| ### Additional information | ||
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| - All containers are restarted after upgrade, because the container spec hash value is changed. | ||
| - You can upgrade only from one minor version to the next minor version. | ||
| That is, you cannot skip versions when you upgrade. | ||
| For example, you can upgrade only from 1.10 to 1.11, not from 1.9 to 1.11. | ||
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| {{% /capture %}} | ||
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| {{% capture steps %}} | ||
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| ## Upgrade the control plane | ||
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| 1. On your master node, upgrade kubeadm: | ||
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| {{< tabs name="k8s_install" >}} | ||
| {{% tab name="Ubuntu, Debian or HypriotOS" %}} | ||
| apt-get update | ||
| apt-get upgrade -y kubelet kubeadm | ||
| {{% /tab %}} | ||
| {{% tab name="CentOS, RHEL or Fedora" %}} | ||
| yum upgrade -y kubeadm --disableexcludes=kubernetes | ||
| {{% /tab %}} | ||
| {{< /tabs >}} | ||
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| 1. Verify that the download works and has the expected version: | ||
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| ```shell | ||
| kubeadm version | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 1. On the master node, run: | ||
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| ```shell | ||
| kubeadm upgrade plan | ||
| ``` | ||
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| You should see output similar to this: | ||
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| ```shell | ||
| [preflight] Running pre-flight checks. | ||
| [upgrade] Making sure the cluster is healthy: | ||
| [upgrade/config] Making sure the configuration is correct: | ||
| [upgrade/config] Reading configuration from the cluster... | ||
| [upgrade/config] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml' | ||
| [upgrade] Fetching available versions to upgrade to | ||
| [upgrade/versions] Cluster version: v1.12.2 | ||
| [upgrade/versions] kubeadm version: v1.13.0 | ||
| Components that must be upgraded manually after you have upgraded the control plane with 'kubeadm upgrade apply': | ||
| COMPONENT CURRENT AVAILABLE | ||
| Kubelet 2 x v1.12.2 v1.13.0 | ||
| Upgrade to the latest version in the v1.12 series: | ||
| COMPONENT CURRENT AVAILABLE | ||
| API Server v1.12.2 v1.13.0 | ||
| Controller Manager v1.12.2 v1.13.0 | ||
| Scheduler v1.12.2 v1.13.0 | ||
| Kube Proxy v1.12.2 v1.13.0 | ||
| CoreDNS 1.2.2 1.2.6 | ||
| Etcd 3.2.24 3.2.24 | ||
| You can now apply the upgrade by executing the following command: | ||
| kubeadm upgrade apply v1.13.0 | ||
| _____________________________________________________________________ | ||
| ``` | ||
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| This command checks that your cluster can be upgraded, and fetches the versions you can upgrade to. | ||
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| 1. Choose a version to upgrade to, and run the appropriate command. For example: | ||
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| ```shell | ||
| kubeadm upgrade apply v1.13.0 | ||
| ``` | ||
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| You should see output similar to this: | ||
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| <!-- TODO: output from stable --> | ||
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| ```shell | ||
| [preflight] Running pre-flight checks. | ||
| [upgrade] Making sure the cluster is healthy: | ||
| [upgrade/config] Making sure the configuration is correct: | ||
| [upgrade/config] Reading configuration from the cluster... | ||
| [upgrade/config] FYI: You can look at this config file with 'kubectl -n kube-system get cm kubeadm-config -oyaml' | ||
| [upgrade/apply] Respecting the --cri-socket flag that is set with higher priority than the config file. | ||
| [upgrade/version] You have chosen to change the cluster version to "v1.13.0" | ||
| [upgrade/versions] Cluster version: v1.12.2 | ||
| [upgrade/versions] kubeadm version: v1.13.0 | ||
| [upgrade/confirm] Are you sure you want to proceed with the upgrade? [y/N]: y | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Will prepull images for components [kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler etcd] | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulling image for component etcd. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulling image for component kube-controller-manager. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulling image for component kube-scheduler. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulling image for component kube-apiserver. | ||
| [apiclient] Found 0 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-kube-controller-manager | ||
| [apiclient] Found 0 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-etcd | ||
| [apiclient] Found 0 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-kube-scheduler | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-kube-apiserver | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-kube-controller-manager | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-etcd | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector k8s-app=upgrade-prepull-kube-scheduler | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulled image for component etcd. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulled image for component kube-apiserver. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulled image for component kube-scheduler. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Prepulled image for component kube-controller-manager. | ||
| [upgrade/prepull] Successfully prepulled the images for all the control plane components | ||
| [upgrade/apply] Upgrading your Static Pod-hosted control plane to version "v1.13.0"... | ||
| Static pod: kube-apiserver-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: 4af3463d6ace12615f1795e40811c1a1 | ||
| Static pod: kube-controller-manager-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: a640b0098f5bddc701786e007c96e220 | ||
| Static pod: kube-scheduler-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: ee7b1077c61516320f4273309e9b4690 | ||
| map[localhost:2379:3.2.24] | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Writing new Static Pod manifests to "/etc/kubernetes/tmp/kubeadm-upgraded-manifests969681047" | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Moved new manifest to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml" and backed up old manifest to "/etc/kubernetes/tmp/kubeadm-backup-manifests-2018-11-20-18-30-42/kube-apiserver.yaml" | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Waiting for the kubelet to restart the component | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] This might take a minute or longer depending on the component/version gap (timeout 5m0s) | ||
| Static pod: kube-apiserver-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: 4af3463d6ace12615f1795e40811c1a1 | ||
| Static pod: kube-apiserver-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: bf5b045d2be93e73654f3eb7027a4ef8 | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector component=kube-apiserver | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Component "kube-apiserver" upgraded successfully! | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Moved new manifest to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml" and backed up old manifest to "/etc/kubernetes/tmp/kubeadm-backup-manifests-2018-11-20-18-30-42/kube-controller-manager.yaml" | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Waiting for the kubelet to restart the component | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] This might take a minute or longer depending on the component/version gap (timeout 5m0s) | ||
| Static pod: kube-controller-manager-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: a640b0098f5bddc701786e007c96e220 | ||
| Static pod: kube-controller-manager-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: 1e0eea23b3d971460ac032c18ab7daac | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector component=kube-controller-manager | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Component "kube-controller-manager" upgraded successfully! | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Moved new manifest to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml" and backed up old manifest to "/etc/kubernetes/tmp/kubeadm-backup-manifests-2018-11-20-18-30-42/kube-scheduler.yaml" | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Waiting for the kubelet to restart the component | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] This might take a minute or longer depending on the component/version gap (timeout 5m0s) | ||
| Static pod: kube-scheduler-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: ee7b1077c61516320f4273309e9b4690 | ||
| Static pod: kube-scheduler-ip-10-0-0-7 hash: 7f7d929b61a2cc5bcdf36609f75927ec | ||
| [apiclient] Found 1 Pods for label selector component=kube-scheduler | ||
| [upgrade/staticpods] Component "kube-scheduler" upgraded successfully! | ||
| [uploadconfig] storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace | ||
| [kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.13" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster | ||
| [kubelet] Downloading configuration for the kubelet from the "kubelet-config-1.13" ConfigMap in the kube-system namespace | ||
| [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml" | ||
| [patchnode] Uploading the CRI Socket information "/var/run/dockershim.sock" to the Node API object "ip-10-0-0-7" as an annotation | ||
| [bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials | ||
| [bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token | ||
| [bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster | ||
| [addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS | ||
| [addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy | ||
| [upgrade/successful] SUCCESS! Your cluster was upgraded to "v1.13.0". Enjoy! | ||
| [upgrade/kubelet] Now that your control plane is upgraded, please proceed with upgrading your kubelets if you haven't already done so. | ||
| ``` | ||
| 1. Manually upgrade your Software Defined Network (SDN). | ||
| Your Container Network Interface (CNI) provider may have its own upgrade instructions to follow. | ||
| Check the [addons](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/) page to | ||
| find your CNI provider and see whether additional upgrade steps are required. | ||
| ## Upgrade master and node packages | ||
| 1. Prepare each node for maintenance by marking it unschedulable and evicting the workloads. Run: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| kubectl drain $NODE --ignore-daemonsets | ||
| ``` | ||
| On the master node, you must add `--ignore-daemonsets`: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| kubectl drain ip-172-31-85-18 | ||
| node "ip-172-31-85-18" cordoned | ||
| error: unable to drain node "ip-172-31-85-18", aborting command... | ||
| There are pending nodes to be drained: | ||
| ip-172-31-85-18 | ||
| error: DaemonSet-managed pods (use --ignore-daemonsets to ignore): calico-node-5798d, kube-proxy-thjp9 | ||
| ``` | ||
| ``` | ||
| kubectl drain ip-172-31-85-18 --ignore-daemonsets | ||
| node "ip-172-31-85-18" already cordoned | ||
| WARNING: Ignoring DaemonSet-managed pods: calico-node-5798d, kube-proxy-thjp9 | ||
| node "ip-172-31-85-18" drained | ||
| ``` | ||
| 1. Upgrade the Kubernetes package version on each `$NODE` node by running the Linux package manager for your distribution: | ||
| {{< tabs name="k8s_install" >}} | ||
| {{% tab name="Ubuntu, Debian or HypriotOS" %}} | ||
| apt-get update | ||
| apt-get upgrade -y kubelet kubeadm | ||
| {{% /tab %}} | ||
| {{% tab name="CentOS, RHEL or Fedora" %}} | ||
| yum upgrade -y kubelet kubeadm --disableexcludes=kubernetes | ||
| {{% /tab %}} | ||
| {{< /tabs >}} | ||
| ## Upgrade kubelet on each node | ||
| 1. On each node except the master node, upgrade the kubelet config: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| kubeadm upgrade node config --kubelet-version $(kubelet --version | cut -d ' ' -f 2) | ||
| ``` | ||
| 1. Restart the kubelet process: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| systemctl restart kubelet | ||
| ``` | ||
| 1. Verify that the new version of the `kubelet` is running on the node: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| systemctl status kubelet | ||
| ``` | ||
| 1. Bring the node back online by marking it schedulable: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| kubectl uncordon $NODE | ||
| ``` | ||
| 1. After the kubelet is upgraded on all nodes, verify that all nodes are available again by running the following command from anywhere kubectl can access the cluster: | ||
| ```shell | ||
| kubectl get nodes | ||
| ``` | ||
| The `STATUS` column should show `Ready` for all your nodes, and the version number should be updated. | ||
| {{% /capture %}} | ||
| ## Recovering from a failure state | ||
| If `kubeadm upgrade` fails and does not roll back, for example because of an unexpected shutdown during execution, you can run `kubeadm upgrade` again. | ||
| This command is idempotent and eventually makes sure that the actual state is the desired state you declare. | ||
| To recover from a bad state, you can also run `kubeadm upgrade --force` without changing the version that your cluster is running. | ||
| ## How it works | ||
| `kubeadm upgrade apply` does the following: | ||
| - Checks that your cluster is in an upgradeable state: | ||
| - The API server is reachable | ||
| - All nodes are in the `Ready` state | ||
| - The control plane is healthy | ||
| - Enforces the version skew policies. | ||
| - Makes sure the control plane images are available or available to pull to the machine. | ||
| - Upgrades the control plane components or rollbacks if any of them fails to come up. | ||
| - Applies the new `kube-dns` and `kube-proxy` manifests and makes sure that all necessary RBAC rules are created. | ||
| - Creates new certificate and key files of the API server and backs up old files if they're about to expire in 180 days. |