feat(deps): install project and dev and test dependencies in devcontainer

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,40 @@
 FROM mcr.microsoft.com/vscode/devcontainers/python:3.11
+COPY --from=ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:latest /uv /uvx /bin/
+ARG USERNAME=vscode
 
 RUN apt-get update && \
-  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libgdal-dev
+  apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends libgdal-dev && \
+  rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Enable bytecode compilation
+ENV UV_COMPILE_BYTECODE=1
+
+# Copy from the cache instead of linking since it's a mounted volume
+ENV UV_LINK_MODE=copy
+
+COPY . /app
+
+# Install the project's dependencies using the lockfile and settings
+RUN --mount=type=cache,target=/root/.cache/uv \
+    --mount=type=bind,source=uv.lock,target=uv.lock \
+    --mount=type=bind,source=pyproject.toml,target=pyproject.toml \
+    uv sync --group dev --group tests \
+        --extra duckdb --extra clickhouse  --extra examples --extra geospatial
+
+ENV VENV_DIR=.venv
+RUN chown -R $USERNAME $VENV_DIR && chmod -R 755 $VENV_DIR
+
+ENV HYPOTHESIS_EXAMPLE_DB_DIR=.hypothesis
+RUN chown -R $USERNAME $HYPOTHESIS_EXAMPLE_DB_DIR && chmod -R 755 $HYPOTHESIS_EXAMPLE_DB_DIR
+
+ENV PYTEST_CACHE=.pytest_cache
+RUN chown -R $USERNAME $PYTEST_CACHE && chmod -R 755 $PYTEST_CACHE
+
+# Place executables in the environment at the front of the path
+ENV PATH="/app/.venv/bin:$PATH"
+
+ENTRYPOINT []
+
+USER $USERNAME

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 {
-  "build": { "dockerfile": "Dockerfile" },
-  "postCreateCommand": ".devcontainer/postCreate.sh",
+  "build": { "dockerfile": "Dockerfile", "context": ".." },
+  "containerUser": "vscode",
+  "remoteUser": "vscode",
   "customizations": {
     "codespaces": {
       "openFiles": ["docs/tutorials/getting_started.qmd"]