feat[ci]: parallelize integration, example, and sync tests

[annieke]

Description
Make integration testing more efficient by parallelizing the 3 test suites.

Additional context
following up on #913

Metadata

• OP-810

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Latest commit: 480fef5

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[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #972 (93ee3a2) into develop (d168005) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is n/a.

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##           develop     #972   +/-   ##
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  Coverage    82.21%   82.21%           
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  Files           48       48           
  Lines         1895     1895           
  Branches       303      303           
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  Hits          1558     1558           
  Misses         337      337           

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[gakonst]

The work flows still take many minutes to run because the load-images step is not finding the tarballs

[gakonst]

This PR does what we want, but it seems to be making things slower due to having to save/upload & download/load the images...If this does not improve our CI times let's hold on it. I've opened #989 to enable the sync tests on CI.

[snario]

Curious if you considered using the caching strategy Docker proposes here?

[annieke]

@snario just poked around some docs and i think for us to share images between jobs (necessary for parallelizing the tests), the uploading artifacts part is still necessary, and the caching just helps with the build part: docker/build-push-action#225 let me know if your investigations yield any further results! going to mark this as draft until then