feat: validate devel bases with craft-application

[mr-cal]

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• Have you successfully run tox run -e test-py310? (supported versions: py39, py310, py311, py312)

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For canonical/craft-application#302 and canonical/craft-application#298

This has the side-effect that build-base: devel is no longer required for core24 snaps.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 89.57%. Comparing base (6ff73a1) to head (bb6399d).
Report is 18 commits behind head on main.

❗ Current head bb6399d differs from pull request most recent head ede6917. Consider uploading reports for the commit ede6917 to get more accurate results

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #4721      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   89.54%   89.57%   +0.03%     
==========================================
  Files         337      331       -6     
  Lines       22638    22063     -575     
==========================================
- Hits        20271    19763     -508     
+ Misses       2367     2300      -67     

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[mr-cal]

This PR will need to land after the next craft-application release.

I'm leaving this open and marked as a DRAFT to prevent accidental merges.

[mr-cal]

Closing in favor of #4796