[PyOV] Restrict changing data in const (openvinotoolkit#27431)

### Details:
 - Const op meant to be non-changeable

### Tickets:
 - CVS-124319

src/bindings/python/src/pyopenvino/core/common.cpp

@@ -358,10 +358,14 @@ py::array array_from_constant_copy(ov::op::v0::Constant&& c, py::dtype& dst_dtyp
 py::array array_from_constant_view(ov::op::v0::Constant&& c) {
     const auto& ov_type = c.get_element_type();
     const auto dtype = Common::type_helpers::get_dtype(ov_type);
+    py::array data;
     if (ov_type.bitwidth() < Common::values::min_bitwidth) {
-        return py::array(dtype, c.get_byte_size(), c.get_data_ptr(), py::cast(c));
+        data = py::array(dtype, c.get_byte_size(), c.get_data_ptr(), py::cast(c));
+    } else {
+        data = py::array(dtype, c.get_shape(), constant_helpers::_get_strides(c), c.get_data_ptr(), py::cast(c));
     }
-    return py::array(dtype, c.get_shape(), constant_helpers::_get_strides(c), c.get_data_ptr(), py::cast(c));
+    data.attr("flags").attr("writeable") = false;
+    return data;
 }
 
 };  // namespace array_helpers

src/bindings/python/tests/test_graph/test_constant.py

@@ -205,53 +205,12 @@ def test_init_with_scalar(init_value, src_dtype, dst_dtype, shared_flag, data_ge
     assert np.allclose(const_data, expected_result)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("src_dtype"),
-    [
-        (np.float16),
-        (np.uint16),
-    ],
-)
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("shared_flag"),
-    [
-        (True),
-        (False),
-    ],
-)
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("data_getter"),
-    [
-        (DataGetter.COPY),
-        (DataGetter.VIEW),
-    ],
-)
-def test_init_bf16_populate(src_dtype, shared_flag, data_getter):
-    data = np.random.rand(1, 2, 16, 8) + 0.5
-    data = data.astype(src_dtype)
-
-    # To create bf16 constant, allocate memory and populate it:
-    init_data = np.zeros(shape=data.shape, dtype=src_dtype)
-    ov_const = ops.constant(init_data, dtype=Type.bf16, shared_memory=shared_flag)
-    ov_const.data[:] = data
-
-    # Check shape and element type of Constant class
-    assert isinstance(ov_const, Constant)
-    assert np.all(list(ov_const.shape) == [1, 2, 16, 8])
-    assert ov_const.get_element_type() == Type.bf16
-
-    _dst_dtype = Type.bf16.to_dtype()
-
-    assert ov_const.get_element_type().to_dtype() == _dst_dtype
-    # Compare values to Constant
-    if data_getter == DataGetter.COPY:
-        const_data = ov_const.get_data()
-    elif data_getter == DataGetter.VIEW:
-        const_data = ov_const.data
-    else:
-        raise AttributeError("Unknown DataGetter passed!")
-    assert const_data.dtype == _dst_dtype
-    assert np.allclose(const_data, data)
+def test_cant_change_data_in_const():
+    arr_0 = np.ones([1, 3, 32, 32])
+    ov_const = ops.constant(arr_0)
+    arr_1 = np.ones([1, 3, 32, 32]) + 1
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="assignment destination is read-only"):
+        ov_const.data[:] = arr_1
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
@@ -286,58 +245,6 @@ def test_init_bf16_direct(ov_type, numpy_dtype, shared_flag):
     assert np.allclose(data, result, rtol=0.01)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    "shape",
-    [
-        ([1, 3, 28, 28]),
-        ([1, 3, 27, 27]),
-    ],
-)
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("low", "high", "ov_type", "src_dtype"),
-    [
-        (0, 2, Type.u1, np.uint8),
-        (0, 16, Type.u4, np.uint8),
-        (-8, 7, Type.i4, np.int8),
-        (0, 16, Type.nf4, np.uint8),
-    ],
-)
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("shared_flag"),
-    [
-        (True),
-        (False),
-    ],
-)
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("data_getter"),
-    [
-        (DataGetter.COPY),
-        (DataGetter.VIEW),
-    ],
-)
-def test_constant_helper_packing(shape, low, high, ov_type, src_dtype, shared_flag, data_getter):
-    data = np.random.uniform(low, high, shape).astype(src_dtype)
-
-    # Allocate memory first:
-    ov_const = ops.constant(np.zeros(shape=data.shape, dtype=src_dtype),
-                            dtype=ov_type,
-                            shared_memory=shared_flag)
-    # Fill data with packed values
-    packed_data = pack_data(data, ov_const.get_element_type())
-    ov_const.data[:] = packed_data
-
-    # Always unpack the data!
-    if data_getter == DataGetter.COPY:
-        unpacked = unpack_data(ov_const.get_data(), ov_const.get_element_type(), ov_const.shape)
-    elif data_getter == DataGetter.VIEW:
-        unpacked = unpack_data(ov_const.data, ov_const.get_element_type(), ov_const.shape)
-    else:
-        raise AttributeError("Unknown DataGetter passed!")
-
-    assert np.array_equal(unpacked, data)
-
-
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("ov_type", "src_dtype"),
     [
@@ -380,21 +287,6 @@ def test_constant_direct_packing(ov_type, src_dtype, shared_flag, data_getter):
     assert not np.shares_memory(unpacked, data)
 
 
-@pytest.mark.parametrize(
-    ("shared_flag"),
-    [
-        (True),
-        (False),
-    ],
-)
-def test_write_to_buffer(shared_flag):
-    arr_0 = np.ones([1, 3, 32, 32])
-    ov_const = ops.constant(arr_0, shared_memory=shared_flag)
-    arr_1 = np.ones([1, 3, 32, 32]) + 1
-    ov_const.data[:] = arr_1
-    assert np.array_equal(ov_const.data, arr_1)
-
-
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("shared_flag"),
     [