[BACKPORT 2024.2][#24050] docdb: Fix re-packing rows after alter tabl…

…e add column with default value

Summary:
Original commit: 06472d5 / D38242
D17904 fixed re-packing failure due to packed row size overflow.
There's a similar issue where compaction follows an `alter table` statement that adds a column with default value
eg `ALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN v3 TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NULL`
Compaction will fail with the error like `Unable to pack old value for 10`

Fix this by allowing the packed row size exceeds the size limit during re-packing.

Modified PgPackedRowTest.PackOverflow to also test with column with default value. Without this fix, compaction will fail with
```
E0919 21:12:51.649142 920988 db_impl.cc:3417] T 0685c068ecf34c9b8252aa37a12f7de7 P 5e3d933d73d2450180c36a3cf5b3a74b [R]: Waiting after background compaction error: Corruption (yb/docdb/docdb_compaction_context.cc:403): Unable to pack old value for 2, Accumulated background error counts: 1
../../src/yb/yql/pgwrapper/pg_packed_row-test.cc:712: Failure
Failed
Bad status: Corruption (yb/docdb/docdb_compaction_context.cc:403): Compact range failed: Unable to pack old value for 2
```

Jira: DB-12940

Test Plan: ./yb_build.sh release --cxx-test pg_packed_row-test --gtest_filter "PackingVersion/PgPackedRowTest.PackOverflow/*"

Reviewers: sergei, arybochkin, rthallam

Reviewed By: rthallam

Subscribers: yql, ybase

Differential Revision: https://phorge.dev.yugabyte.com/D38462

src/yb/docdb/docdb_compaction_context.cc

@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ class PackedRowData {
            column_id));
         return CheckPackOldValueResult(
             column_id, std::visit([column_id, missing_value](auto& packer) {
-          return packer.AddValue(column_id, missing_value);
+          return packer.AddValue(column_id, missing_value, kUnlimitedTail);
         }, *packer_));
       }
       return DoPackOldValue(column_id, decoder.FetchValue(decoder.GetPackedIndex(column_id)));

src/yb/dockv/packed_row.cc

@@ -432,8 +432,8 @@ void RowPackerV1::Init(SchemaVersion version) {
   result_.Truncate(prefix_end_);
 }
 
-Result<bool> RowPackerV1::AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value) {
-  return DoAddValue(column_id, value, /* tail_size= */ 0);
+Result<bool> RowPackerV1::AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value, ssize_t tail_size) {
+  return DoAddValue(column_id, value, tail_size);
 }
 
 Result<bool> RowPackerV1::AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const LWQLValuePB& value) {
@@ -519,8 +519,9 @@ Result<bool> RowPackerV2::AddValue(
   return DoAddValue(column_id, std::pair(value_prefix, value_suffix), tail_size);
 }
 
-Result<bool> RowPackerV2::AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value) {
-  return DoAddValue(column_id, value, /* tail_size= */ 0);
+Result<bool> RowPackerV2::AddValue(
+    ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value, ssize_t tail_size) {
+  return DoAddValue(column_id, value, tail_size);
 }
 
 Result<bool> RowPackerV2::AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const LWQLValuePB& value) {

src/yb/dockv/packed_row.h

@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ class RowPackerV1 : public RowPackerBase {
   // Add value consisting of 2 parts - value_prefix+value_suffix.
   Result<bool> AddValue(
       ColumnId column_id, Slice value_prefix, PackedValueV1 value_suffix, ssize_t tail_size);
-  Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value);
+  Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value, ssize_t tail_size = 0);
   Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const LWQLValuePB& value);
   Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, Slice control_fields, const QLValuePB& value);
   Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const PackableValue& value);
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class RowPackerV2 : public RowPackerBase {
   // Add value consisting of 2 parts - value_prefix+value_suffix.
   Result<bool> AddValue(
       ColumnId column_id, Slice value_prefix, PackedValueV1 value_suffix, ssize_t tail_size);
-  Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value);
+  Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const QLValuePB& value, ssize_t tail_size = 0);
   Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const LWQLValuePB& value);
   Result<bool> AddValue(ColumnId column_id, const PackableValue& value);
 

src/yb/yql/pgwrapper/pg_packed_row-test.cc

@@ -690,6 +690,10 @@ TEST_P(PgPackedRowTest, PackOverflow) {
   ASSERT_OK(conn.Execute("ALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN v2 TEXT"));
 
   ASSERT_OK(cluster_->CompactTablets());
+
+  ASSERT_OK(conn.Execute("ALTER TABLE t ADD COLUMN v3 TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NULL"));
+
+  ASSERT_OK(cluster_->CompactTablets());
 }
 
 TEST_P(PgPackedRowTest, AddDropColumn) {