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Slight grammar edit in para 1 of Challenge 1.
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sajkaj committed Nov 30, 2019
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Expand Up @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ <h2>Introduction</h2>
<section>
<h2>Challenge #1: Scaling Conformance Verification</h2>
<p>A challenge common to many of the WCAG Guidelines and Success Criteria is the inability for automatic testing to fully validate conformance to WCAG 2.x and the subsequent time, cost, and expertise needed to perform the necessary manual test to cover the full range of the requirements. 
HTML markup can be automatically validated to confirm that it is used according to specification, but a human is required to verify whether the HTML elements used are correctly reflecting the meaning of the content. For example, text on a web page marked contained in a paragraph element may not trigger any failure in an automated test, nor would an image with alternative text equal to "red, white, and blue bird", but a human will identify that the text needs to be enclosed in a heading element to reflect the actual use on the page, and also that the proper alternative text for the image is "American Airlines logo". Many existing accessibility success criteria expect informed human evaluation to ensure that the end users benefit from conformance.
HTML markup can be automatically validated to confirm that it is used according to specification, but a human is required to verify whether the HTML elements used correctly reflect the meaning of the content. For example, text on a web page marked contained in a paragraph element may not trigger any failure in an automated test, nor would an image with alternative text equal to "red, white, and blue bird", but a human will identify that the text needs to be enclosed in a heading element to reflect the actual use on the page, and also that the proper alternative text for the image is "American Airlines logo". Many existing accessibility success criteria expect informed human evaluation to ensure that the end users benefit from conformance.
The same can be said of very large web-based applications that are developed in an agile manner with updates delivered in rapid succession, often on an hourly basis.</p>
<p>We can think of this as the distinction between quantitative and qualitative analysis. We know how to automatically test for and count the occurrences of relevant markup. However, we do not yet know how to automatically verify the quality of what that markup conveys to the user. In the case of adjudging appropriate quality, informed human review is still required.</p>
<p>This (growing) section describes challenges with applying the WCAG 2.x conformance model to specific Guidelines and Success Criteria, primarily based on required human involvement in evaluation of conformance to them. In this draft, the list is not exhaustive, but we intend it to cover all known challenges with at least all A and AA Success Criteria, by the time this Note is completed.</p>
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