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| event disease context oncotree_term oncotree_code therapy_name therapy_type therapy_sensitivity therapy_resistance favorable_prognosis predictive_implication description preferred_assertion source_type citation url doi pmid nct last_updated | ||
| Whole genome doubling 0 Inferential "WGD was associated with adverse survival pan-cancer in patients with advanced disease and in cancers with heterogeneous clinical outcomes, even following the development of metastasis." Journal "Bielski CM, Zehir A, Penson AV, et al. Genome doubling shapes the evolution and prognosis of advanced cancers Nat Genet. 2018; 50(8):1189-1195." https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0165-1 10.1038/s41588-018-0165-1 30013179 9/1/18 | ||
| event disease context oncotree_term oncotree_code therapy_name therapy_strategy therapy_type therapy_sensitivity therapy_resistance favorable_prognosis predictive_implication description preferred_assertion source_type citation url doi pmid nct last_updated | ||
| Whole genome doubling 0 Inferential "WGD was associated with adverse survival pan-cancer in patients with advanced disease and in cancers with heterogeneous clinical outcomes, even following the development of metastasis." Journal "Bielski CM, Zehir A, Penson AV, et al. Genome doubling shapes the evolution and prognosis of advanced cancers Nat Genet. 2018; 50(8):1189-1195." https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-018-0165-1 10.1038/s41588-018-0165-1 30013179 9/1/18 |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -1,10 +1,10 @@ | ||
| technique gene disease oncotree_term oncotree_code context therapy_name therapy_type therapy_sensitivity therapy_resistance favorable_prognosis predictive_implication description preferred_assertion source_type citation url doi pmid nct last_updated | ||
| shRNA ATM Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD Olaparib Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines are heterozygous for c.3380C>A and sensitive to PARP inhibition following shRNA depletion of ATM. Deletion of p53 enhances sensitivity. Journal "Wang C, Jette N, Moussienko D, Bebb DG, Lees-Miller SP. ATM-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells Are Sensitive to the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib Translational Oncology. 2017; 10(2):190-196." https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2017.01.007 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.01.007 28182994 8/15/19 | ||
| CRISPR-Cas9 B2M Melanoma Melanoma MEL 0 Preclinical Loss of antigen presentation via B2M loss of function mutations results in increased survival of cancer cells in the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Journal "Patel SJ, Sanjana NE, Kishton RJ, et al. Identification of essential genes for cancer immunotherapy Nature. 2017; 548(7669):537-542." https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23477 10.1038/nature23477 28783722 4/16/19 | ||
| shRNA CDK12 Ovarian Cancer "Ovarian Cancer, Other" OOVC Olaparib Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical "shRNA knockout in ovarian cancer suggests suggests sensitivity to PARP1/2 inhibition, specifically olaparib." Journal "Bajrami I, Frankum JR, Konde A, et al. Genome-wide profiling of genetic synthetic lethality identifies CDK12 as a novel determinant of PARP1/2 inhibitor sensitivity. Cancer Res. 2014;74(1):287-97." https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-2541 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-2541 24240700 11/3/17 | ||
| siRNA CDK12 Ovarian Cancer "Ovarian Cancer, Other" OOVC Veliparib Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical "siRNA knockout, ""gene depletion"", of CDK12 shows sensitivity to PARP inhibitor veliparib in ovarian cancer cell lines." Journal "Joshi PM, Sutor SL, Huntoon CJ, Karnitz LM. Ovarian cancer-associated mutations disable catalytic activity of CDK12, a kinase that promotes homologous recombination repair and resistance to cisplatin and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. J Biol Chem. 2014;289(13):9247-53." https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.551143 10.1074/jbc.M114.551143 24554720 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA CPT1A Melanoma Melanoma MEL 1 Preclinical "CPT1A is involved in fatty acid oxidation, a key component of some tumor's metabolic processes. CPT1A knockdown in some melanoma BRAF V600E cell lines resulted in decreased proliferation and tumorigenesis." Journal "Sung GJ, Choi HK, Kwak S, et al. Targeting CPT1A enhances metabolic therapy in human melanoma cells with the BRAF V600E mutation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2016;81(Pt A):76-81." https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2016.10.019 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.10.019 27793752 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA RAD17 Breast Cancer Invasive Breast Carcinoma BRCA Veliparib Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical "RNAi knockdown of RAD17 in the HME-CC breast cancer cell line resulted in increased sensitivity to ABT-888, Veliparib (PARP inhibitor). If RAD50 is also knocked out, a further increase in sensitivity is observed." Journal "Weigman VJ, Chao HH, Shabalin AA, et al. Basal-like Breast cancer DNA copy number losses identify genes involved in genomic instability, response to therapy, and patient survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(3):865-80." https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 22048815 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA RAD17 Breast Cancer Invasive Breast Carcinoma BRCA Carboplatin Chemotherapy 1 Preclinical RNAi knockdown of RAD17 in the HME-CC breast cancer cell line resulted in increased sensitivity to carboplatin. A further increase in sensitivity occurred when knocked down with RAD50. Journal "Weigman VJ, Chao HH, Shabalin AA, et al. Basal-like Breast cancer DNA copy number losses identify genes involved in genomic instability, response to therapy, and patient survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(3):865-80." https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 22048815 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA RAD50 Breast Cancer Invasive Breast Carcinoma BRCA Carboplatin Chemotherapy 1 Preclinical RNAi knockdown of RAD50 in the HME-CC breast cancer cell line resulted in increased resistance to carboplatin. Journal "Weigman VJ, Chao HH, Shabalin AA, et al. Basal-like Breast cancer DNA copy number losses identify genes involved in genomic instability, response to therapy, and patient survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(3):865-80." https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 22048815 11/3/17 | ||
| CRISPR-Cas9 TAP2 Melanoma Melanoma MEL 0 Preclinical Loss of antigen presentation via TAP2 loss of function mutations results in increased survival of cancer cells in the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Journal "Patel SJ, Sanjana NE, Kishton RJ, et al. Identification of essential genes for cancer immunotherapy Nature. 2017; 548(7669):537-542." https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23477 10.1038/nature23477 28783722 4/16/19 | ||
| technique gene disease oncotree_term oncotree_code context therapy_name therapy_strategy therapy_type therapy_sensitivity therapy_resistance favorable_prognosis predictive_implication description preferred_assertion source_type citation url doi pmid nct last_updated | ||
| shRNA ATM Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD Olaparib PARP inhibition Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical HCT116 colorectal cancer cell lines are heterozygous for c.3380C>A and sensitive to PARP inhibition following shRNA depletion of ATM. Deletion of p53 enhances sensitivity. Journal "Wang C, Jette N, Moussienko D, Bebb DG, Lees-Miller SP. ATM-Deficient Colorectal Cancer Cells Are Sensitive to the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib Translational Oncology. 2017; 10(2):190-196." https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranon.2017.01.007 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.01.007 28182994 8/15/19 | ||
| CRISPR-Cas9 B2M Melanoma Melanoma MEL 0 Preclinical Loss of antigen presentation via B2M loss of function mutations results in increased survival of cancer cells in the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Journal "Patel SJ, Sanjana NE, Kishton RJ, et al. Identification of essential genes for cancer immunotherapy Nature. 2017; 548(7669):537-542." https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23477 10.1038/nature23477 28783722 4/16/19 | ||
| shRNA CDK12 Ovarian Cancer "Ovarian Cancer, Other" OOVC Olaparib PARP inhibition Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical "shRNA knockout in ovarian cancer suggests suggests sensitivity to PARP1/2 inhibition, specifically olaparib." Journal "Bajrami I, Frankum JR, Konde A, et al. Genome-wide profiling of genetic synthetic lethality identifies CDK12 as a novel determinant of PARP1/2 inhibitor sensitivity. Cancer Res. 2014;74(1):287-97." https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-2541 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-13-2541 24240700 11/3/17 | ||
| siRNA CDK12 Ovarian Cancer "Ovarian Cancer, Other" OOVC Veliparib PARP inhibition Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical "siRNA knockout, ""gene depletion"", of CDK12 shows sensitivity to PARP inhibitor veliparib in ovarian cancer cell lines." Journal "Joshi PM, Sutor SL, Huntoon CJ, Karnitz LM. Ovarian cancer-associated mutations disable catalytic activity of CDK12, a kinase that promotes homologous recombination repair and resistance to cisplatin and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. J Biol Chem. 2014;289(13):9247-53." https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M114.551143 10.1074/jbc.M114.551143 24554720 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA CPT1A Melanoma Melanoma MEL 1 Preclinical "CPT1A is involved in fatty acid oxidation, a key component of some tumor's metabolic processes. CPT1A knockdown in some melanoma BRAF V600E cell lines resulted in decreased proliferation and tumorigenesis." Journal "Sung GJ, Choi HK, Kwak S, et al. Targeting CPT1A enhances metabolic therapy in human melanoma cells with the BRAF V600E mutation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2016;81(Pt A):76-81." https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2016.10.019 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.10.019 27793752 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA RAD17 Breast Cancer Invasive Breast Carcinoma BRCA Veliparib PARP inhibition Targeted therapy 1 Preclinical "RNAi knockdown of RAD17 in the HME-CC breast cancer cell line resulted in increased sensitivity to ABT-888, Veliparib (PARP inhibitor). If RAD50 is also knocked out, a further increase in sensitivity is observed." Journal "Weigman VJ, Chao HH, Shabalin AA, et al. Basal-like Breast cancer DNA copy number losses identify genes involved in genomic instability, response to therapy, and patient survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(3):865-80." https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 22048815 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA RAD17 Breast Cancer Invasive Breast Carcinoma BRCA Carboplatin Platinum-based chemotherapy Chemotherapy 1 Preclinical RNAi knockdown of RAD17 in the HME-CC breast cancer cell line resulted in increased sensitivity to carboplatin. A further increase in sensitivity occurred when knocked down with RAD50. Journal "Weigman VJ, Chao HH, Shabalin AA, et al. Basal-like Breast cancer DNA copy number losses identify genes involved in genomic instability, response to therapy, and patient survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(3):865-80." https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 22048815 11/3/17 | ||
| shRNA RAD50 Breast Cancer Invasive Breast Carcinoma BRCA Carboplatin Platinum-based chemotherapy Chemotherapy 1 Preclinical RNAi knockdown of RAD50 in the HME-CC breast cancer cell line resulted in increased resistance to carboplatin. Journal "Weigman VJ, Chao HH, Shabalin AA, et al. Basal-like Breast cancer DNA copy number losses identify genes involved in genomic instability, response to therapy, and patient survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2012;133(3):865-80." https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 10.1007/s10549-011-1846-y 22048815 11/3/17 | ||
| CRISPR-Cas9 TAP2 Melanoma Melanoma MEL 0 Preclinical Loss of antigen presentation via TAP2 loss of function mutations results in increased survival of cancer cells in the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. Journal "Patel SJ, Sanjana NE, Kishton RJ, et al. Identification of essential genes for cancer immunotherapy Nature. 2017; 548(7669):537-542." https://doi.org/10.1038/nature23477 10.1038/nature23477 28783722 4/16/19 |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
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| status disease context oncotree_term oncotree_code therapy_name therapy_type therapy_sensitivity therapy_resistance favorable_prognosis predictive_implication description preferred_assertion source_type citation url doi pmid nct last_updated | ||
| MSI-High Any solid tumor Unresectable or metastatic Any solid tumor Pembrolizumab Immunotherapy 1 FDA-Approved "The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to pembrolizumab for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with unresectable or metastatic, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient solid tumors that have progressed following prior treatment and who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options." FDA "Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Keytruda (pembrolizumab) [package insert]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf. Revised October 2020. Accessed November 4, 2020." https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf 11/12/20 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Unresectable or metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD Pembrolizumab Immunotherapy 1 FDA-Approved "The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to pembrolizumab for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with unresectable or metastatic, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer that has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan." FDA "Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Keytruda (pembrolizumab) [package insert]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf. Revised October 2020. Accessed November 4, 2020." https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf 11/12/20 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD 5-Fluorouracil Targeted therapy 1 Guideline "Patients with MSI-High colorectal cancer appear not to benefit from, and may be resistant to, 5-fluorouracil therapy." Guideline "National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Colon Cancer NCCN Evidence Blocks (Version 2.2016). https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf. Accessed November 5, 2016." https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf 20498393 11/3/17 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD 1 Guideline Patients with MSI-High colorectal cancer often have a favorable prognosis. Guideline "National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Colon Cancer NCCN Evidence Blocks (Version 2.2016). https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf. Accessed November 5, 2016." https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf 20498393 11/3/17 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD Pembrolizumab Immunotherapy 1 Clinical trial A phase II study of 32 colorectal cancer patients (and 9 noncolorectal cancer patients) found an association between mismatch repair deficiency (measured by MSI status) and both immune-related objective response rate (40% of patients with MSI-High vs. 0% in MSI-Low) and immune-related progression-free survival rate (78% of MSI-High patients at 20 weeks vs. 11% in MSI-Low). Post-hoc cohort comparison showed hazard ratio for disease progression or death of 0.10 and for death of 0.22. Journal "Le DT, Uram JN, Wang H, et al. PD-1 Blockade in Tumors with Mismatch-Repair Deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(26):2509-20." https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1500596 10.1056/NEJMoa1500596 26028255 NCT01876511 2/4/19 | ||
| status disease context oncotree_term oncotree_code therapy_name therapy_strategy therapy_type therapy_sensitivity therapy_resistance favorable_prognosis predictive_implication description preferred_assertion source_type citation url doi pmid nct last_updated | ||
| MSI-High Any solid tumor Unresectable or metastatic Any solid tumor Pembrolizumab PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition Immunotherapy 1 FDA-Approved "The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to pembrolizumab for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with unresectable or metastatic, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient solid tumors that have progressed following prior treatment and who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options." FDA "Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Keytruda (pembrolizumab) [package insert]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf. Revised October 2020. Accessed November 4, 2020." https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf 11/12/20 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Unresectable or metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD Pembrolizumab PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition Immunotherapy 1 FDA-Approved "The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval to pembrolizumab for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with unresectable or metastatic, microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer that has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan." FDA "Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Keytruda (pembrolizumab) [package insert]. U.S. Food and Drug Administration website. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf. Revised October 2020. Accessed November 4, 2020." https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2020/125514s085lbl.pdf 11/12/20 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD 5-Fluorouracil Thymidylate synthase inhibition Chemotherapy 1 Guideline "Patients with MSI-High colorectal cancer appear not to benefit from, and may be resistant to, 5-fluorouracil therapy." Guideline "National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Colon Cancer NCCN Evidence Blocks (Version 2.2016). https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf. Accessed November 5, 2016." https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf 20498393 11/3/17 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD 1 Guideline Patients with MSI-High colorectal cancer often have a favorable prognosis. Guideline "National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Colon Cancer NCCN Evidence Blocks (Version 2.2016). https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf. Accessed November 5, 2016." https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/colon_blocks.pdf 20498393 11/3/17 | ||
| MSI-High Colorectal Cancer Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma COADREAD Pembrolizumab PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition Immunotherapy 1 Clinical trial A phase II study of 32 colorectal cancer patients (and 9 noncolorectal cancer patients) found an association between mismatch repair deficiency (measured by MSI status) and both immune-related objective response rate (40% of patients with MSI-High vs. 0% in MSI-Low) and immune-related progression-free survival rate (78% of MSI-High patients at 20 weeks vs. 11% in MSI-Low). Post-hoc cohort comparison showed hazard ratio for disease progression or death of 0.10 and for death of 0.22. Journal "Le DT, Uram JN, Wang H, et al. PD-1 Blockade in Tumors with Mismatch-Repair Deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2015;372(26):2509-20." https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1500596 10.1056/NEJMoa1500596 26028255 NCT01876511 2/4/19 |
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