[SPARK-31710][SQL][FOLLOWUP] Replace CAST by TIMESTAMP_SECONDS in ben…

…chmarks

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?
Replace `CAST(... AS TIMESTAMP` by `TIMESTAMP_SECONDS` in the following benchmarks:
- ExtractBenchmark
- DateTimeBenchmark
- FilterPushdownBenchmark
- InExpressionBenchmark

### Why are the changes needed?
The benchmarks fail w/o the changes:
```
[info] Running benchmark: datetime +/- interval
[info]   Running case: date + interval(m)
[error] Exception in thread "main" org.apache.spark.sql.AnalysisException: cannot resolve 'CAST(`id` AS TIMESTAMP)' due to data type mismatch: cannot cast bigint to timestamp,you can enable the casting by setting spark.sql.legacy.allowCastNumericToTimestamp to true,but we strongly recommend using function TIMESTAMP_SECONDS/TIMESTAMP_MILLIS/TIMESTAMP_MICROS instead.; line 1 pos 5;
[error] 'Project [(cast(cast(id#0L as timestamp) as date) + 1 months) AS (CAST(CAST(id AS TIMESTAMP) AS DATE) + INTERVAL '1 months')#2]
[error] +- Range (0, 10000000, step=1, splits=Some(1))
```

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?
No

### How was this patch tested?
By running the affected benchmarks.

Closes apache#28843 from MaxGekk/GuoPhilipse-31710-fix-compatibility-followup.

Authored-by: Max Gekk <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Wenchen Fan <[email protected]>

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/DateTimeBenchmark.scala

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ object DateTimeBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
 
   private def run(cardinality: Int, func: String): Unit = {
     codegenBenchmark(s"$func of timestamp", cardinality) {
-      doBenchmark(cardinality, s"$func(cast(id as timestamp))")
+      doBenchmark(cardinality, s"$func(timestamp_seconds(id))")
     }
   }
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ object DateTimeBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
         val N = 10000000
         runBenchmark("datetime +/- interval") {
           val benchmark = new Benchmark("datetime +/- interval", N, output = output)
-          val ts = "cast(id as timestamp)"
+          val ts = "timestamp_seconds(id)"
           val dt = s"cast($ts as date)"
           benchmark.addCase("date + interval(m)") { _ =>
             doBenchmark(N, s"$dt + interval 1 month")
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ object DateTimeBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
           benchmark.run()
         }
         runBenchmark("Extract components") {
-          run(N, "cast to timestamp", "cast(id as timestamp)")
+          run(N, "cast to timestamp", "timestamp_seconds(id)")
           run(N, "year")
           run(N, "quarter")
           run(N, "month")
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ object DateTimeBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
           run(N, "current_timestamp", "current_timestamp")
         }
         runBenchmark("Date arithmetic") {
-          val dateExpr = "cast(cast(id as timestamp) as date)"
+          val dateExpr = "cast(timestamp_seconds(id) as date)"
           run(N, "cast to date", dateExpr)
           run(N, "last_day", s"last_day($dateExpr)")
           run(N, "next_day", s"next_day($dateExpr, 'TU')")
@@ -133,31 +133,31 @@ object DateTimeBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
           run(N, "add_months", s"add_months($dateExpr, 10)")
         }
         runBenchmark("Formatting dates") {
-          val dateExpr = "cast(cast(id as timestamp) as date)"
+          val dateExpr = "cast(timestamp_seconds(id) as date)"
           run(N, "format date", s"date_format($dateExpr, 'MMM yyyy')")
         }
         runBenchmark("Formatting timestamps") {
           run(N, "from_unixtime", "from_unixtime(id, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSSSSS')")
         }
         runBenchmark("Convert timestamps") {
-          val timestampExpr = "cast(id as timestamp)"
+          val timestampExpr = "timestamp_seconds(id)"
           run(N, "from_utc_timestamp", s"from_utc_timestamp($timestampExpr, 'CET')")
           run(N, "to_utc_timestamp", s"to_utc_timestamp($timestampExpr, 'CET')")
         }
         runBenchmark("Intervals") {
-          val (start, end) = ("cast(id as timestamp)", "cast((id+8640000) as timestamp)")
+          val (start, end) = ("timestamp_seconds(id)", "timestamp_seconds(id+8640000)")
           run(N, "cast interval", start, end)
           run(N, "datediff", s"datediff($start, $end)")
           run(N, "months_between", s"months_between($start, $end)")
           run(1000000, "window", s"window($start, 100, 10, 1)")
         }
         runBenchmark("Truncation") {
-          val timestampExpr = "cast(id as timestamp)"
+          val timestampExpr = "timestamp_seconds(id)"
           Seq("YEAR", "YYYY", "YY", "MON", "MONTH", "MM", "DAY", "DD", "HOUR", "MINUTE",
             "SECOND", "WEEK", "QUARTER").foreach { level =>
             run(N, s"date_trunc $level", s"date_trunc('$level', $timestampExpr)")
           }
-          val dateExpr = "cast(cast(id as timestamp) as date)"
+          val dateExpr = "cast(timestamp_seconds(id) as date)"
           Seq("year", "yyyy", "yy", "mon", "month", "mm").foreach { level =>
             run(N, s"trunc $level", s"trunc('$level', $dateExpr)")
           }

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/ExtractBenchmark.scala

@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ object ExtractBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
   }
 
   private def castExpr(from: String): String = from match {
-    case "timestamp" => "cast(id as timestamp)"
-    case "date" => "cast(cast(id as timestamp) as date)"
-    case "interval" => "(cast(cast(id as timestamp) as date) - date'0001-01-01') + " +
-      "(cast(id as timestamp) - timestamp'1000-01-01 01:02:03.123456')"
+    case "timestamp" => "timestamp_seconds(id)"
+    case "date" => "cast(timestamp_seconds(id) as date)"
+    case "interval" => "(cast(timestamp_seconds(id) as date) - date'0001-01-01') + " +
+      "(timestamp_seconds(id) - timestamp'1000-01-01 01:02:03.123456')"
     case other => throw new IllegalArgumentException(
       s"Unsupported column type $other. Valid column types are 'timestamp' and 'date'")
   }

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/FilterPushdownBenchmark.scala

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import scala.util.Random
 import org.apache.spark.SparkConf
 import org.apache.spark.benchmark.Benchmark
 import org.apache.spark.sql.{DataFrame, SparkSession}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.monotonically_increasing_id
+import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.{monotonically_increasing_id, timestamp_seconds}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf.ParquetOutputTimestampType
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{ByteType, Decimal, DecimalType, TimestampType}
@@ -332,11 +332,11 @@ object FilterPushdownBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
             withSQLConf(SQLConf.PARQUET_OUTPUT_TIMESTAMP_TYPE.key -> fileType) {
               val columns = (1 to width).map(i => s"CAST(id AS string) c$i")
               val df = spark.range(numRows).selectExpr(columns: _*)
-                .withColumn("value", monotonically_increasing_id().cast(TimestampType))
+                .withColumn("value", timestamp_seconds(monotonically_increasing_id()))
               withTempTable("orcTable", "parquetTable") {
                 saveAsTable(df, dir)
 
-                Seq(s"value = CAST($mid AS timestamp)").foreach { whereExpr =>
+                Seq(s"value = timestamp_seconds($mid)").foreach { whereExpr =>
                   val title = s"Select 1 timestamp stored as $fileType row ($whereExpr)"
                     .replace("value AND value", "value")
                   filterPushDownBenchmark(numRows, title, whereExpr)
@@ -348,8 +348,8 @@ object FilterPushdownBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
                   filterPushDownBenchmark(
                     numRows,
                     s"Select $percent% timestamp stored as $fileType rows " +
-                      s"(value < CAST(${numRows * percent / 100} AS timestamp))",
-                    s"value < CAST(${numRows * percent / 100} as timestamp)",
+                      s"(value < timestamp_seconds(${numRows * percent / 100}))",
+                    s"value < timestamp_seconds(${numRows * percent / 100})",
                     selectExpr
                   )
                 }

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/benchmark/InExpressionBenchmark.scala

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package org.apache.spark.sql.execution.benchmark
 
 import org.apache.spark.benchmark.Benchmark
 import org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame
-import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.{array, struct}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.functions.{array, struct, timestamp_seconds}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 
@@ -128,15 +128,15 @@ object InExpressionBenchmark extends SqlBasedBenchmark {
 
   private def runTimestampBenchmark(numItems: Int, numRows: Long, minNumIters: Int): Unit = {
     val name = s"$numItems timestamps"
-    val values = (1 to numItems).map(m => s"CAST('1970-01-01 01:00:00.$m' AS timestamp)")
-    val df = spark.range(0, numRows).select($"id".cast(TimestampType))
+    val values = (1 to numItems).map(m => s"timestamp'1970-01-01 01:00:00.$m'")
+    val df = spark.range(0, numRows).select(timestamp_seconds($"id").as("id"))
     runBenchmark(name, df, values, numRows, minNumIters)
   }
 
   private def runDateBenchmark(numItems: Int, numRows: Long, minNumIters: Int): Unit = {
     val name = s"$numItems dates"
-    val values = (1 to numItems).map(n => 1970 + n).map(y => s"CAST('$y-01-01' AS date)")
-    val df = spark.range(0, numRows).select($"id".cast(TimestampType).cast(DateType))
+    val values = (1 to numItems).map(n => 1970 + n).map(y => s"date'$y-01-01'")
+    val df = spark.range(0, numRows).select(timestamp_seconds($"id").cast(DateType).as("id"))
     runBenchmark(name, df, values, numRows, minNumIters)
   }