Reproduced Tailwind CSS issue #8582 on Windows 10 (21H2) and Node.js 18.1.0:

PS D:\tailwindcss-8582> npx tailwindcss -i ./src/input.css -o ./dist/output.css
D:\tailwindcss-8582\node_modules\tailwindcss\lib\util\toPath.js:13
    return path.split(/\.(?![^\[]*\])|[\[\]]/g).filter(Boolean);
                ^

RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded
    at String.split (<anonymous>)
    at Object.toPath (D:\tailwindcss-8582\node_modules\tailwindcss\lib\util\toPath.js:13:17)
    at toPaths (D:\tailwindcss-8582\node_modules\tailwindcss\lib\util\resolveConfig.js:156:29)
    at toPaths.next (<anonymous>)
    at resolvePath (D:\tailwindcss-8582\node_modulestailwindcss\lib\util\resolveConfig.js:176:20)
    at colors (D:\tailwindcss-8582\tailwind.config.js:9:27)
    at resolvePath (D:\tailwindcss-8582\node_modules\tailwindcss\lib\util\resolveConfig.js:182:43)
    at colors (D:\tailwindcss-8582\tailwind.config.js:9:27)
    at resolvePath (D:\tailwindcss-8582\node_modules\tailwindcss\lib\util\resolveConfig.js:182:43)
    at colors (D:\tailwindcss-8582\tailwind.config.js:9:27)

Node.js v18.1.0

Following the official installation guide using the Tailwind CLI.

npm install -D tailwindcss
npx tailwindcss init
npx tailwindcss -i .\src\input.css -o .\dist\output.css