Omit data field from error when empty (#66)

The JSON-RPC 2.0 specification allows the data member of an error object
to be omitted. Before this commit, if Error.Data was nil then the JSON
encoding was "null". That means that the data member was included in
every JSON-RPC error object, even when the data member was not
explicitly set.

This commit adds the omitempty struct tag to the Error.Data field,
meaning that the data member is omitted from the JSON encoding unless
explicitly set with the Error.SetError() method. Beware that this is a
breaking change for clients that may have strict null checks on the data
member.

jsonrpc2.go

@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ type JSONRPC2 interface {
 type Error struct {
 	Code    int64            `json:"code"`
 	Message string           `json:"message"`
-	Data    *json.RawMessage `json:"data"`
+	Data    *json.RawMessage `json:"data,omitempty"`
 }
 
-// SetError sets e.Error to the JSON representation of v. If JSON
+// SetError sets e.Data to the JSON representation of v. If JSON
 // marshaling fails, it panics.
 func (e *Error) SetError(v interface{}) {
 	b, err := json.Marshal(v)

jsonrpc2_test.go

@@ -18,6 +18,65 @@ import (
 	websocketjsonrpc2 "github.com/sourcegraph/jsonrpc2/websocket"
 )
 
+func TestError_MarshalJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		setError func(err *jsonrpc2.Error)
+		want     string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Data == nil",
+			want: `{"code":-32603,"message":"Internal error"}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Error.SetError(nil)",
+			setError: func(err *jsonrpc2.Error) {
+				err.SetError(nil)
+			},
+			want: `{"code":-32603,"message":"Internal error","data":null}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Error.SetError(0)",
+			setError: func(err *jsonrpc2.Error) {
+				err.SetError(0)
+			},
+			want: `{"code":-32603,"message":"Internal error","data":0}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: `Error.SetError("")`,
+			setError: func(err *jsonrpc2.Error) {
+				err.SetError("")
+			},
+			want: `{"code":-32603,"message":"Internal error","data":""}`,
+		},
+		{
+			name: `Error.SetError(false)`,
+			setError: func(err *jsonrpc2.Error) {
+				err.SetError(false)
+			},
+			want: `{"code":-32603,"message":"Internal error","data":false}`,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, test := range tests {
+		e := &jsonrpc2.Error{
+			Code:    jsonrpc2.CodeInternalError,
+			Message: "Internal error",
+		}
+		if test.setError != nil {
+			test.setError(e)
+		}
+		b, err := json.Marshal(e)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Error(err)
+		}
+		got := string(b)
+		if got != test.want {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: got %q, want %q", test.name, got, test.want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // testHandlerA is the "server" handler.
 type testHandlerA struct{ t *testing.T }