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--- | ||
title: Web Components | ||
description: Information about the used and available web components. | ||
section: Internals | ||
--- | ||
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# Web Components | ||
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Piral comes with a set of web components that are partially used internally and partially can used from you directly in your app shell or micro frontends. | ||
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The available web components are: | ||
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- `piral-extension`: This one is used to declare a Piral extension slot. You can use it. | ||
- `piral-component`: This one is used to mark the area for a component to render into. You should not use it as it's inserted and removed by Piral. | ||
- `piral-portal`: The one is used to create a rendering spot for non-React components in the React component tree. You should not use it as it's inserted and removed by Piral. | ||
- `piral-slot`: This one is used to have a clean unobtrusive container element for frameworks that cannot reuse exist elements. You can use it. | ||
- `piral-content`: This one is used to show the content of a React component in a non-React component. You can use it. | ||
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Let's look into each one with an example. | ||
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## Extension Slots | ||
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The `piral-extension` web component gives you the possibility of declaring an extension slot in th DOM tree, i.e., essentially from any framework. Almost all the possibilities of an extension slot are available. | ||
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The most straight forward usage is just with a name: | ||
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```html | ||
<piral-extension name="name-of-extension-slot"></piral-extension> | ||
``` | ||
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If you want to transport in parameters you need to use either the `params` property or the `params` attribute. The latter uses a JSON value, while the former allows you to pass in an object with any kind of values (incl. function references) in it. | ||
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Using the params attribute: | ||
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```html | ||
<piral-extension name='name-of-extension-slot' params='{"foo":"bar"}'></piral-extension> | ||
``` | ||
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Using the params property: | ||
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```html | ||
<piral-extension name="name-of-extension-slot" id="my-extension"></piral-extension> | ||
``` | ||
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combined with the JavaScript code to set the property | ||
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```js | ||
document.querySelector('#my-extension').params = { | ||
foo: 'bar', | ||
log: (str) => console.log(str), | ||
}; | ||
``` | ||
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The component emits some events: | ||
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- `render-html`, emitted from the `piral-extension` instance in bubbling mode to indicate that the extension slot should be handled (i.e., populated with components as registered) by the orchestrator | ||
- `extension-props-changed`, emitted from the `piral-extension` instance when a params change should lead to an immediate re-rendering | ||
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## Component Boundaries | ||
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The `piral-component` web component provides an indicator that an area is reserved for the component coming from a micro frontend. The name of component can be declared using the `name` attribute, while the micro frontend is specified in the `origin` attribute. | ||
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```html | ||
<piral-component name="name-of-component" origin="my-awesome-pilet"> | ||
<!-- here comes the rendered content --> | ||
</piral-component> | ||
``` | ||
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This component is only used within the framework. It will be inserted as a natural component boundary and has no impact on styling. | ||
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The component emits some events: | ||
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- `add-component`, emitted from `window` when a new `piral-component` instance has been connected to the DOM (usually after mounting / rendering) | ||
- `remove-component`, emitted from `window` when an existing instance has been removed (usually after unmounting) | ||
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For Piral to use this as a boundary you need to be in the (opt-in) "modern" isolation mode. To active this mode you need to change the *piral.json*: | ||
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```json | ||
{ | ||
"isolation": "modern" | ||
} | ||
``` | ||
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::: tip: Visualize component origins | ||
For the visualization feature of the Piral Inspector (a freely available browser extension) you'll need to have the `isolation` mode set to `modern`. Otherwise, this feature will not work as expected. | ||
::: | ||
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The element instances and their attributes have to be preserved as they are managed by Piral itself. | ||
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## Rendering Portals | ||
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The `piral-portal` web component repersents a non-visual anchor point for the React rendering tree. As access to the DOM tree requires a `ref` on a real element the `piral-portal` was introduced. | ||
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It has a single attribute `pid` that contains the internally used portal ID. Using the portal ID the main React rendering tree can trigger rendering of anything with a proper projection. This way, a single React render tree can exist even though foreign elements may occupy full or partial sub-trees of it. | ||
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The element instances and their attributes have to be preserved as they are managed by Piral itself. | ||
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## Container Elements | ||
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The `piral-slot` web component can be used as an unobtrusive container. Like the other elements it uses a CSS display mode that makes it non-visual, i.e., it is just a plain container element without intrinsic styling properties. | ||
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You can use this one for a framework that requires to change the attributes of the hosting element. Usually, for non-React components the hosting element is already a `piral-portal`, however, this one needs to be kept (with its provided attributes). If the rendering framework wants to change this hosting element then having a nested hosting such as: | ||
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```html | ||
<piral-portal pid="abc"> | ||
<piral-slot> | ||
<!-- rendering of foreign framework happens in here using outerHtml --> | ||
</piral-slot> | ||
</piral-portal> | ||
``` | ||
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In most cases you'll not want to use this element directly even though it could come in handy. | ||
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## Content Views | ||
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The `piral-content` web component is a non-visual container that acts as a portal for React content to be rendered. Whenever you receive React content in your non-React components (e.g., via the `children` prop) you can use a `piral-content` element to display it. | ||
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For using the element correctly you also need to use the global `assignContent` function. First, you'd assign the content (e.g., after you received it) using this function: | ||
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```js | ||
window.assignContent("123", myReactContent) | ||
``` | ||
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Then you can create the `piral-content` instance using the same content ID (`cid`): | ||
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```html | ||
<piral-content cid="123"></piral-content> | ||
``` | ||
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At this time the Piral orchestrator will take the assigned content and render it into the element using React. | ||
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The component emits some events: | ||
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- `render-content`, emitted from `window` when a `piral-content` instance was connected and rendering should begin |
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