Bayesian Personalized Ranking from Implicit Feedback

The repository implement the Bayesian Personalized Ranking using pyTorch (https://arxiv.org/pdf/1205.2618)
Other repositories also implement this model, but the evaluation takes longer time.
So, I implement this model using pyTorch with GPU acceleration for evaluation.
Implementation detail will be explained in the following section.

Environment

Hardware

• AMD Ryzen 7 3700X 8-Core Processor
• Samsung DDR4 32GB
• NVIDIA TitanXp

Software

OS

I use both Windows and Linux(Ubuntu).

Python package

You have to install the following packages before executing this code.

• python==3.6
• pytorch==1.3.1
• numpy==1.15.4
• pandas==0.23.4

You can install these package by executing the following command or through anaconda.

pip install -r requirements.txt

Usage

0. Prepare data

This code support the movielens 1m data and movielens 20m data. You can get the dataset from the following list.

• MovieLens 1M.
• MovieLens 20M.

After downloading that file, unzip it.
We call the path for unzipped directory $data_dir.

1. Preprocess data

For basic usage, execute following command line to preprocess the data. It randomly split the whole dataset into two parts, training data and test data.

python preprocess.py --dataset ml-1m --data_dir $data_dir --output_data preprocessed/ml-1m.pickle
python preprocess.py --dataset ml-20m --data_dir $data_dir --output_data preprocessed/ml-20m.pickle
python preprocess.py --dataset amazon-beauty --data_dir $data_dir --output_data preprocessed/amazon-beauty.pickle

If you want to split training data and test data with time order, then execute the following command line. This code sorts the item list for each user using time order. After that, it splits the whole data into two parts, training data and test data. First 80% of the item list will become the training data and the last 20% of the item list will become test data.

python preprocess.py --dataset ml-1m --output_data preprocessed/ml-1m.pickle --time_order
python preprocess.py --dataset ml-20m --output_data preprocessed/ml-20m.pickle --time_order

Help message will give you more detail description for arguments.

python preprocess.py --help

2. Training MF model using BPR-OPT

Now, for real show, let's train MF model using BPR-OPT loss. You can execute the following command to train MF model using BPR-OPT.

python train.py --data preprocessed/ml-1m.pickle
python train.py --data preprocessed/ml-20m.pickle

Help message will give you more detail description for arguments. You can train MF model with different hyperparameter.

python train.py --help

Implementation detail

Result

The evaluation benchmark for movielens 1m is the following table. I think more tuning will get better result, but this value is reasonably around the statistic. I got very weird statistic when I train MovieLens-1M. I think I have to check my function more rigorously.

Dataset	Preprocess	P@1	P@5	P@10	R@1	R@5	R@10
Movielens-1m	Random	0.3881	0.2987	0.2683	0.0178	0.0616	0.1018
Movielens-1m	Time-order	0.1588	0.1348	0.1297	0.0071	0.0294	0.0519
Movielens-20m	Random	0.2359	0.1790	0.1529	0.0118	0.0395	0.0652
Movielens-20m	Time-order	0.1070	0.0887	0.0809	0.0059	0.0237	0.0431

Training loss curve

MovieLens 1M

Dataset	Random	Time-order
MovieLens-1M

Evaluation metric curve

MovieLens 1M

Dataset	Random	Time-order
MovieLens-1M

More information will get from the result directory.

FAQ

Continuous integration (Travis CI)

I use pytest framework to make my function reliable. The execution code for testing is pytest. You can get some useful code snippets from tests directory. As I cannot find continuous integration tool which freely support gpu, I couldn't test CUDA code I implemented. So, for stable execution, do test manually by using pytest to check it works well in your environment.

Laboratory (Experimental development)

Brand new data structure VariableShapeList

I am working for more elaborated approach to calculate evaluation metric. For now, I develop VariableShapeList which can handle list of tensors which has different length. Someone might said that it is equivalent with PackedSequence which is already implemented in pyTorch, but I can't use that data structure for evaluation metric. Some operation is directly implemented by CPP function and will be implemented by CUDA kernel function.

CPP Build tools (Optional)

For Windows, Visual Studio Build tool is needed for CPP extension. Install it from here

Use IterableDataset for delivering fast data structure

I figure out that the setup time for multiprocessing DataLoader is major bottleneck in my training script. Therefore, I refactor my dataset with IterableDataset and get 10x faster than existing implementation. This implementation needs to be tested.

Performance optimization

The large batch size and speed performance optimization boost evaluation metric. I will updated all statistics for MovieLens-1M and MovieLens-20M.

Contact

If you have any problem or encounter mysterious things during simulating this code, open issue or contact me by sending email to [email protected]