Auto merge of #45545 - durka:macro-backtrace, r=nrc

show macro backtrace with -Z flag

Fixes #39413 by adding a facility to restore the "old school" macro expansion backtraces (previously removed in 6186538).

The restored functionality is accessed through the flag `-Z external-macro-backtrace`. Errors showing the truncated backtraces will suggest this flag.

### Example

Code: <details>
`a/src/lib.rs`
```rust
#[macro_export]
macro_rules! a {
    () => { a!(@) };
    (@) => { a!(@@) };
    (@@) => {
        syntax error;
    }
}
```
`b/src/main.rs`
```rust
#[macro_use] extern crate a;

macro_rules! b {
    () => { b!(@) };
    (@) => { b!(@@) };
    (@@) => {
        syntax error;
    }
}

fn main() {
    a!();
    b!();
}
```
</details>

<br/><br/>
Running without env var (note: first error is from remote macro, second from local macro):

<details>

```
$ cargo +custom run
   Compiling b v0.1.0
error: expected one of `!`, `.`, `::`, `;`, `?`, `{`, `}`, or an operator, found `error`
  --> src/main.rs:12:5
   |
12 |     a!();
   |     ^^^^^
   |     |
   |     expected one of 8 possible tokens here
   |     unexpected token
   |
   = note: this error originates in a macro outside of the current crate (run with RUST_MACRO_BACKTRACE=1 for more info)

error: expected one of `!`, `.`, `::`, `;`, `?`, `{`, `}`, or an operator, found `error`
  --> src/main.rs:7:16
   |
7  |         syntax error;
   |               -^^^^^ unexpected token
   |               |
   |               expected one of 8 possible tokens here
...
13 |     b!();
   |     ----- in this macro invocation

error: aborting due to 2 previous errors

error: Could not compile `b`.

To learn more, run the command again with --verbose.
```
</details>
The output is the same as today, except for an addition to the note which aids discoverability of the new environment variable.

<br/><br/>
Running _with_ env var:
<details>

```
$ RUST_MACRO_BACKTRACE=1 cargo +custom run
   Compiling b v0.1.0
error: expected one of `!`, `.`, `::`, `;`, `?`, `{`, `}`, or an operator, found `error`
 --> <a macros>:1:72
  |
1 | (  ) => { a ! ( @ ) } ; ( @ ) => { a ! ( @ @ ) } ; ( @ @ ) => { syntax error ;
  |                                                                       -^^^^^ unexpected token
  |                                                                       |
  |                                                                       expected one of 8 possible tokens here
src/main.rs:12:5: 12:10 note: in this expansion of a! (defined in <a macros>)
<a macros>:1:11: 1:20 note: in this expansion of a! (defined in <a macros>)
<a macros>:1:36: 1:47 note: in this expansion of a! (defined in <a macros>)

error: expected one of `!`, `.`, `::`, `;`, `?`, `{`, `}`, or an operator, found `error`
 --> src/main.rs:7:16
  |
7 |         syntax error;
  |               -^^^^^ unexpected token
  |               |
  |               expected one of 8 possible tokens here
src/main.rs:12:5: 12:10 note: in this expansion of a! (defined in <a macros>)
<a macros>:1:11: 1:20 note: in this expansion of a! (defined in <a macros>)
<a macros>:1:36: 1:47 note: in this expansion of a! (defined in <a macros>)

error: expected one of `!`, `.`, `::`, `;`, `?`, `{`, `}`, or an operator, found `error`
 --> src/main.rs:7:16
  |
7 |         syntax error;
  |               -^^^^^ unexpected token
  |               |
  |               expected one of 8 possible tokens here
src/main.rs:13:5: 13:10 note: in this expansion of b! (defined in src/main.rs)
src/main.rs:4:13: 4:18 note: in this expansion of b! (defined in src/main.rs)
src/main.rs:5:14: 5:20 note: in this expansion of b! (defined in src/main.rs)

error: aborting due to 2 previous errors

error: Could not compile `b`.

To learn more, run the command again with --verbose.
```
</details>

The output is hard to read, but better than nothing (and it's exactly what we used to have before the infamous `fix_multispans_in_std_macros`).

<br/><br/>
Wishlist:

- Save the actual source of macros in crate metadata, not just AST, so the output can be improved
    - Hopefully this would allow line numbers in the trace as well
- Show the actual macro invocations in the traces

r? @nrc

src/librustc/session/config.rs

@@ -1036,6 +1036,8 @@ options! {DebuggingOptions, DebuggingSetter, basic_debugging_options,
           "run all passes except translation; no output"),
     treat_err_as_bug: bool = (false, parse_bool, [TRACKED],
           "treat all errors that occur as bugs"),
+    external_macro_backtrace: bool = (false, parse_bool, [UNTRACKED],
+          "show macro backtraces even for non-local macros"),
     continue_parse_after_error: bool = (false, parse_bool, [TRACKED],
           "attempt to recover from parse errors (experimental)"),
     incremental: Option<String> = (None, parse_opt_string, [UNTRACKED],
@@ -2100,7 +2102,7 @@ mod tests {
             let registry = errors::registry::Registry::new(&[]);
             let (sessopts, _) = build_session_options_and_crate_config(&matches);
             let sess = build_session(sessopts, None, registry);
-            assert!(!sess.diagnostic().can_emit_warnings);
+            assert!(!sess.diagnostic().flags.can_emit_warnings);
         }
 
         {
@@ -2111,7 +2113,7 @@ mod tests {
             let registry = errors::registry::Registry::new(&[]);
             let (sessopts, _) = build_session_options_and_crate_config(&matches);
             let sess = build_session(sessopts, None, registry);
-            assert!(sess.diagnostic().can_emit_warnings);
+            assert!(sess.diagnostic().flags.can_emit_warnings);
         }
 
         {
@@ -2121,7 +2123,7 @@ mod tests {
             let registry = errors::registry::Registry::new(&[]);
             let (sessopts, _) = build_session_options_and_crate_config(&matches);
             let sess = build_session(sessopts, None, registry);
-            assert!(sess.diagnostic().can_emit_warnings);
+            assert!(sess.diagnostic().flags.can_emit_warnings);
         }
     }
 

src/librustc/session/mod.rs

@@ -727,10 +727,12 @@ pub fn build_session_with_codemap(sopts: config::Options,
         .unwrap_or(false);
     let cap_lints_allow = sopts.lint_cap.map_or(false, |cap| cap == lint::Allow);
 
-    let can_print_warnings = !(warnings_allow || cap_lints_allow);
+    let can_emit_warnings = !(warnings_allow || cap_lints_allow);
 
     let treat_err_as_bug = sopts.debugging_opts.treat_err_as_bug;
 
+    let external_macro_backtrace = sopts.debugging_opts.external_macro_backtrace;
+
     let emitter: Box<Emitter> = match (sopts.error_format, emitter_dest) {
         (config::ErrorOutputType::HumanReadable(color_config), None) => {
             Box::new(EmitterWriter::stderr(color_config, Some(codemap.clone()), false))
@@ -753,9 +755,14 @@ pub fn build_session_with_codemap(sopts: config::Options,
     };
 
     let diagnostic_handler =
-        errors::Handler::with_emitter(can_print_warnings,
-                                      treat_err_as_bug,
-                                      emitter);
+        errors::Handler::with_emitter_and_flags(
+            emitter,
+            errors::HandlerFlags {
+                can_emit_warnings,
+                treat_err_as_bug,
+                external_macro_backtrace,
+                .. Default::default()
+            });
 
     build_session_(sopts,
                    local_crate_source_file,

src/librustc_errors/diagnostic_builder.rs

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use syntax_pos::{MultiSpan, Span};
 #[must_use]
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct DiagnosticBuilder<'a> {
-    handler: &'a Handler,
+    pub handler: &'a Handler,
     diagnostic: Diagnostic,
 }
 

src/librustc_errors/emitter.rs

@@ -64,8 +64,11 @@ impl Emitter for EmitterWriter {
             }
         }
 
-        self.fix_multispans_in_std_macros(&mut primary_span, &mut children);
+        if !db.handler.flags.external_macro_backtrace {
+            self.fix_multispans_in_std_macros(&mut primary_span, &mut children);
+        }
         self.emit_messages_default(&db.level,
+                                   db.handler.flags.external_macro_backtrace,
                                    &db.styled_message(),
                                    &db.code,
                                    &primary_span,
@@ -793,8 +796,11 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
         if spans_updated {
             children.push(SubDiagnostic {
                 level: Level::Note,
-                message: vec![("this error originates in a macro outside of the current crate"
-                    .to_string(), Style::NoStyle)],
+                message: vec![
+                    (["this error originates in a macro outside of the current crate",
+                      "(run with -Z external-macro-backtrace for more info)"].join(" "),
+                     Style::NoStyle),
+                ],
                 span: MultiSpan::new(),
                 render_span: None,
             });
@@ -882,6 +888,7 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
                             msg: &Vec<(String, Style)>,
                             code: &Option<DiagnosticId>,
                             level: &Level,
+                            external_macro_backtrace: bool,
                             max_line_num_len: usize,
                             is_secondary: bool)
                             -> io::Result<()> {
@@ -1079,6 +1086,12 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
             }
         }
 
+        if external_macro_backtrace {
+            if let Some(ref primary_span) = msp.primary_span().as_ref() {
+                self.render_macro_backtrace_old_school(primary_span, &mut buffer)?;
+            }
+        }
+
         // final step: take our styled buffer, render it, then output it
         emit_to_destination(&buffer.render(), level, &mut self.dst, self.short_message)?;
 
@@ -1170,6 +1183,7 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
     }
     fn emit_messages_default(&mut self,
                              level: &Level,
+                             external_macro_backtrace: bool,
                              message: &Vec<(String, Style)>,
                              code: &Option<DiagnosticId>,
                              span: &MultiSpan,
@@ -1178,7 +1192,13 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
         let max_line_num = self.get_max_line_num(span, children);
         let max_line_num_len = max_line_num.to_string().len();
 
-        match self.emit_message_default(span, message, code, level, max_line_num_len, false) {
+        match self.emit_message_default(span,
+                                        message,
+                                        code,
+                                        level,
+                                        external_macro_backtrace,
+                                        max_line_num_len,
+                                        false) {
             Ok(()) => {
                 if !children.is_empty() {
                     let mut buffer = StyledBuffer::new();
@@ -1198,6 +1218,7 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
                                                         &child.styled_message(),
                                                         &None,
                                                         &child.level,
+                                                        external_macro_backtrace,
                                                         max_line_num_len,
                                                         true) {
                             Err(e) => panic!("failed to emit error: {}", e),
@@ -1226,6 +1247,30 @@ impl EmitterWriter {
             }
         }
     }
+
+    fn render_macro_backtrace_old_school(&self,
+                                         sp: &Span,
+                                         buffer: &mut StyledBuffer) -> io::Result<()> {
+        if let Some(ref cm) = self.cm {
+            for trace in sp.macro_backtrace().iter().rev() {
+                let line_offset = buffer.num_lines();
+
+                let mut diag_string =
+                    format!("in this expansion of {}", trace.macro_decl_name);
+                if let Some(def_site_span) = trace.def_site_span {
+                    diag_string.push_str(
+                        &format!(" (defined in {})",
+                            cm.span_to_filename(def_site_span)));
+                }
+                let snippet = cm.span_to_string(trace.call_site);
+                buffer.append(line_offset, &format!("{} ", snippet), Style::NoStyle);
+                buffer.append(line_offset, "note", Style::Level(Level::Note));
+                buffer.append(line_offset, ": ", Style::NoStyle);
+                buffer.append(line_offset, &diag_string, Style::OldSchoolNoteText);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
 
 fn draw_col_separator(buffer: &mut StyledBuffer, line: usize, col: usize) {
@@ -1415,7 +1460,7 @@ impl Destination {
                 }
             }
             Style::Quotation => {}
-            Style::HeaderMsg => {
+            Style::OldSchoolNoteText | Style::HeaderMsg => {
                 self.start_attr(term::Attr::Bold)?;
                 if cfg!(windows) {
                     self.start_attr(term::Attr::ForegroundColor(term::color::BRIGHT_WHITE))?;

src/librustc_errors/lib.rs

@@ -233,10 +233,10 @@ pub use diagnostic_builder::DiagnosticBuilder;
 /// (fatal, bug, unimpl) may cause immediate exit,
 /// others log errors for later reporting.
 pub struct Handler {
+    pub flags: HandlerFlags,
+
     err_count: Cell<usize>,
     emitter: RefCell<Box<Emitter>>,
-    pub can_emit_warnings: bool,
-    treat_err_as_bug: bool,
     continue_after_error: Cell<bool>,
     delayed_span_bug: RefCell<Option<Diagnostic>>,
     tracked_diagnostics: RefCell<Option<Vec<Diagnostic>>>,
@@ -247,25 +247,55 @@ pub struct Handler {
     emitted_diagnostics: RefCell<FxHashSet<u128>>,
 }
 
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct HandlerFlags {
+    pub can_emit_warnings: bool,
+    pub treat_err_as_bug: bool,
+    pub external_macro_backtrace: bool,
+}
+
 impl Handler {
     pub fn with_tty_emitter(color_config: ColorConfig,
                             can_emit_warnings: bool,
                             treat_err_as_bug: bool,
                             cm: Option<Rc<CodeMapper>>)
                             -> Handler {
+        Handler::with_tty_emitter_and_flags(
+            color_config,
+            cm,
+            HandlerFlags {
+                can_emit_warnings,
+                treat_err_as_bug,
+                .. Default::default()
+            })
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_tty_emitter_and_flags(color_config: ColorConfig,
+                                      cm: Option<Rc<CodeMapper>>,
+                                      flags: HandlerFlags)
+                                      -> Handler {
         let emitter = Box::new(EmitterWriter::stderr(color_config, cm, false));
-        Handler::with_emitter(can_emit_warnings, treat_err_as_bug, emitter)
+        Handler::with_emitter_and_flags(emitter, flags)
     }
 
     pub fn with_emitter(can_emit_warnings: bool,
                         treat_err_as_bug: bool,
                         e: Box<Emitter>)
                         -> Handler {
+        Handler::with_emitter_and_flags(
+            e,
+            HandlerFlags {
+                can_emit_warnings,
+                treat_err_as_bug,
+                .. Default::default()
+            })
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_emitter_and_flags(e: Box<Emitter>, flags: HandlerFlags) -> Handler {
         Handler {
+            flags,
             err_count: Cell::new(0),
             emitter: RefCell::new(e),
-            can_emit_warnings,
-            treat_err_as_bug,
             continue_after_error: Cell::new(true),
             delayed_span_bug: RefCell::new(None),
             tracked_diagnostics: RefCell::new(None),
@@ -293,7 +323,7 @@ impl Handler {
                                                     -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a> {
         let mut result = DiagnosticBuilder::new(self, Level::Warning, msg);
         result.set_span(sp);
-        if !self.can_emit_warnings {
+        if !self.flags.can_emit_warnings {
             result.cancel();
         }
         result
@@ -306,14 +336,14 @@ impl Handler {
         let mut result = DiagnosticBuilder::new(self, Level::Warning, msg);
         result.set_span(sp);
         result.code(code);
-        if !self.can_emit_warnings {
+        if !self.flags.can_emit_warnings {
             result.cancel();
         }
         result
     }
     pub fn struct_warn<'a>(&'a self, msg: &str) -> DiagnosticBuilder<'a> {
         let mut result = DiagnosticBuilder::new(self, Level::Warning, msg);
-        if !self.can_emit_warnings {
+        if !self.flags.can_emit_warnings {
             result.cancel();
         }
         result
@@ -376,7 +406,7 @@ impl Handler {
     }
 
     fn panic_if_treat_err_as_bug(&self) {
-        if self.treat_err_as_bug {
+        if self.flags.treat_err_as_bug {
             panic!("encountered error with `-Z treat_err_as_bug");
         }
     }
@@ -418,7 +448,7 @@ impl Handler {
         panic!(ExplicitBug);
     }
     pub fn delay_span_bug<S: Into<MultiSpan>>(&self, sp: S, msg: &str) {
-        if self.treat_err_as_bug {
+        if self.flags.treat_err_as_bug {
             self.span_bug(sp, msg);
         }
         let mut diagnostic = Diagnostic::new(Level::Bug, msg);
@@ -443,15 +473,15 @@ impl Handler {
         self.span_bug(sp, &format!("unimplemented {}", msg));
     }
     pub fn fatal(&self, msg: &str) -> FatalError {
-        if self.treat_err_as_bug {
+        if self.flags.treat_err_as_bug {
             self.bug(msg);
         }
         let mut db = DiagnosticBuilder::new(self, Fatal, msg);
         db.emit();
         FatalError
     }
     pub fn err(&self, msg: &str) {
-        if self.treat_err_as_bug {
+        if self.flags.treat_err_as_bug {
             self.bug(msg);
         }
         let mut db = DiagnosticBuilder::new(self, Error, msg);
@@ -504,7 +534,7 @@ impl Handler {
         panic!(self.fatal(&s));
     }
     pub fn emit(&self, msp: &MultiSpan, msg: &str, lvl: Level) {
-        if lvl == Warning && !self.can_emit_warnings {
+        if lvl == Warning && !self.flags.can_emit_warnings {
             return;
         }
         let mut db = DiagnosticBuilder::new(self, lvl, msg);
@@ -515,7 +545,7 @@ impl Handler {
         }
     }
     pub fn emit_with_code(&self, msp: &MultiSpan, msg: &str, code: DiagnosticId, lvl: Level) {
-        if lvl == Warning && !self.can_emit_warnings {
+        if lvl == Warning && !self.flags.can_emit_warnings {
             return;
         }
         let mut db = DiagnosticBuilder::new_with_code(self, lvl, Some(code), msg);

src/librustc_errors/snippet.rs

@@ -213,6 +213,7 @@ pub enum Style {
     UnderlineSecondary,
     LabelPrimary,
     LabelSecondary,
+    OldSchoolNoteText,
     NoStyle,
     Level(Level),
     Highlight,

src/librustdoc/test.rs

@@ -81,7 +81,9 @@ pub fn run(input: &str,
 
     let codemap = Rc::new(CodeMap::new(sessopts.file_path_mapping()));
     let handler =
-        errors::Handler::with_tty_emitter(ColorConfig::Auto, true, false, Some(codemap.clone()));
+        errors::Handler::with_tty_emitter(ColorConfig::Auto,
+                                          true, false,
+                                          Some(codemap.clone()));
 
     let cstore = Rc::new(CStore::new(box rustc_trans::LlvmMetadataLoader));
     let mut sess = session::build_session_(

src/libsyntax/parse/obsolete.rs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ impl<'a> ParserObsoleteMethods for parser::Parser<'a> {
         };
 
         if !self.obsolete_set.contains(&kind) &&
-            (error || self.sess.span_diagnostic.can_emit_warnings) {
+            (error || self.sess.span_diagnostic.flags.can_emit_warnings) {
             err.note(desc);
             self.obsolete_set.insert(kind);
         }