Fix a false positive for RSpec/ExampleWithoutDescription when `spec…

…ify` with multi-line block and missing description

This PR fixes a false positive for `RSpec/ExampleWithoutDescription` when `specify` with multi-line block and missing description.
This is because `specify` is recommended when there is no description.

refs: https://rspec.rubystyle.guide/#it-and-specify

```ruby
specify do
  # ...
end
```

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 - Add new `RSpec/RepeatedSubjectCall` cop. ([@drcapulet])
 - Add configuration option `ResponseMethods` to `RSpec/Rails/HaveHttpStatus`. ([@ydah])
 - Fix a false negative for `RSpec/DescribedClass` when class with constant. ([@ydah])
+- Fix a false positive for `RSpec/ExampleWithoutDescription` when `specify` with multi-line block and missing description. ([@ydah])
 
 ## 2.26.1 (2024-01-05)
 

docs/modules/ROOT/pages/cops_rspec.adoc

@@ -1628,6 +1628,7 @@ Checks for examples without a description.
 
 RSpec allows for auto-generated example descriptions when there is no
 description provided or the description is an empty one.
+It is acceptable to use `specify` without a description
 
 This cop removes empty descriptions.
 It also defines whether auto-generated description is allowed, based
@@ -1637,20 +1638,29 @@ This cop can be configured using the `EnforcedStyle` option
 
 === Examples
 
+[source,ruby]
+----
+# always good
+specify do
+  result = service.call
+  expect(result).to be(true)
+end
+----
+
 ==== `EnforcedStyle: always_allow` (default)
 
 [source,ruby]
 ----
 # bad
 it('') { is_expected.to be_good }
-it '' do
+specify '' do
   result = service.call
   expect(result).to be(true)
 end
 
 # good
 it { is_expected.to be_good }
-it do
+specify do
   result = service.call
   expect(result).to be(true)
 end

lib/rubocop/cop/rspec/example_without_description.rb

@@ -7,24 +7,32 @@ module RSpec
       #
       # RSpec allows for auto-generated example descriptions when there is no
       # description provided or the description is an empty one.
+      # It is acceptable to use `specify` without a description
       #
       # This cop removes empty descriptions.
       # It also defines whether auto-generated description is allowed, based
       # on the configured style.
       #
       # This cop can be configured using the `EnforcedStyle` option
       #
+      # @example
+      #   # always good
+      #   specify do
+      #     result = service.call
+      #     expect(result).to be(true)
+      #   end
+      #
       # @example `EnforcedStyle: always_allow` (default)
       #   # bad
       #   it('') { is_expected.to be_good }
-      #   it '' do
+      #   specify '' do
       #     result = service.call
       #     expect(result).to be(true)
       #   end
       #
       #   # good
       #   it { is_expected.to be_good }
-      #   it do
+      #   specify do
       #     result = service.call
       #     expect(result).to be(true)
       #   end
@@ -75,6 +83,7 @@ def on_block(node) # rubocop:disable InternalAffairs/NumblockHandler
         def check_example_without_description(node)
           return if node.arguments?
           return unless disallow_empty_description?(node)
+          return if node.method?(:specify) && node.parent.multiline?
 
           add_offense(node, message: MSG_ADD_DESCRIPTION)
         end

spec/rubocop/cop/rspec/example_without_description_spec.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
   context 'with EnforcedStyle `always_allow`' do
     let(:enforced_style) { 'always_allow' }
 
-    it 'flags empty strings for description' do
+    it 'flags `it` with a empty strings for description' do
       expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
         it '' do
            ^^ Omit the argument when you want to have auto-generated description.
@@ -32,12 +32,37 @@
         end
       RUBY
     end
+
+    it 'flags `specify` with a empty strings for description' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        specify '' do
+                ^^ Omit the argument when you want to have auto-generated description.
+          expect(subject).to be_good
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'ignores `specify` without an argument' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        specify do
+          expect(subject).to be_good
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'ignores `specify` with a description' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        specify 'is good' do
+          expect(subject).to be_good
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
   end
 
   context 'with EnforcedStyle `single_line_only`' do
     let(:enforced_style) { 'single_line_only' }
 
-    it 'flags missing description in multi-line examples' do
+    it 'flags `it` missing description in multi-line examples' do
       expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
         it do
         ^^ Add a description.
@@ -46,24 +71,45 @@
       RUBY
     end
 
-    it 'ignores missing description in single-line examples' do
+    it 'ignores `it` missing description in single-line examples' do
       expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
         it { expect(subject).to be_good }
       RUBY
     end
 
-    it 'flags example with an empty string for description' do
+    it 'flags `it` with an empty string for description' do
       expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
         it('') { expect(subject).to be_good }
            ^^ Omit the argument when you want to have auto-generated description.
       RUBY
     end
+
+    it 'ignores `specify` missing decripton in multi-line examples' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        specify do
+          expect(subject).to be_good
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'ignores `specify` missing description in single-line examples' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        specify { expect(subject).to be_good }
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'flags `specify` with an empty string for description' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        specify('') { expect(subject).to be_good }
+                ^^ Omit the argument when you want to have auto-generated description.
+      RUBY
+    end
   end
 
   context 'with EnforcedStyle `disallow`' do
     let(:enforced_style) { 'disallow' }
 
-    it 'flags missing description in multi-line examples' do
+    it 'flags `it` missing description in multi-line examples' do
       expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
         it do
         ^^ Add a description.
@@ -72,7 +118,7 @@
       RUBY
     end
 
-    it 'flags missing description in single-line examples' do
+    it 'flags `it` missing description in single-line examples' do
       expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
         it { expect(subject).to be_good }
         ^^ Add a description.
@@ -86,5 +132,28 @@
         end
       RUBY
     end
+
+    it 'ignores `specify` missing description in multi-line examples' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        specify do
+          expect(subject).to be_good
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'flags `specify` missing description in single-line examples' do
+      expect_offense(<<~RUBY)
+        specify { expect(subject).to be_good }
+        ^^^^^^^ Add a description.
+      RUBY
+    end
+
+    it 'ignores `specify` with a description' do
+      expect_no_offenses(<<~RUBY)
+        specify 'is good' do
+          expect(subject).to be_good
+        end
+      RUBY
+    end
   end
 end