Lambda demo with common Java application frameworks

This is a simple serverless application built in Java using popular frameworks - Micronaut, Quarkus, and Spring Boot

It consists of an Amazon API Gateway backed by four AWS Lambda functions and an Amazon DynamoDB table for storage.

Requirements

• AWS CLI
• AWS SAM
• Java 11
• Maven
• Artillery for load-testing the application
• Docker (at least 8GB memory and 4 CPUs)

Software

Each of the sub folders contains a Products maven project. Each maven project contains all the code for all four Lambda functions. It uses the hexagonal architecture pattern to decouple the entry points, from the main domain logic and the storage logic.

Infrastructure

The sample application can be deployed in three different ways:

1. Managed Java Runtime (without SnapStart) - This mode uses zip packaging style and runs on the JVM inside the Lambda environment.
2. Managed Java Runtime (with SnapStart) - This mode enables SnapStart on the Lambda functions. Current examples only include Spring boot version of the application. Stay tuned for other framework examples with SnapStart. Learn more about SnapStart here.
3. Custom Runtime - This mode uses GraalVM native image and uses Custom Runtime to run on Lambda. GraalVM native image is a stand-alone execution binary and does not require a JVM to run.

Deployment and Testing

Micronaut

Quarkus

Spring Boot

Dagger

Summary

Below is the cold start and warm start latencies observed. Please refer to "Load Test" section of each sub-project for more details. All latencies listed below are in milliseconds.

Artillery is used to make 100 requests / second for 10 minutes to our API endpoints.

Results from Managed Java Runtime without SnapStart

	Cold Start (ms)				Warm Start (ms)
	p50	p90	p99	max	p50	p90	p99	max
Micronaut	4898.8332	5479.1013	7551.7604	10147.71	9.3759	17.1385	42.356	531.75
Quarkus	3808.0718	4229.4438	5501.0506	7195.38	8.6605	15.3362	38.5082	375.65
Spring Boot	5517.570	6442.1359	8616.8082	11551.01	9.3759	16.8686	40.3863	319.69
Dagger *	3213.0091	3629.6889	4850.1132	6896.54	8.9399	16.3415	40.3863	292.2

*: Dagger is not fully comparable to other frameworks as it only provides dependency injection, and thus is much lighter than the others, which explains these results. When choosing a framework, be conscious of the features available. Dagger was initially done with Android in mind, to provide a lightweight dependency injection framework, without introspection (like Spring). It fits particularly well with Lambda to reduce the initialization time, but does not provide the breadth of the others.

Results from Managed Java Runtime with SnapStart enabled Lambda functions

	Cold Start (ms)				Warm Start (ms)
	p50	p90	p99	max	p50	p90	p99	max
Spring Boot	767.15	868.37	978.05	1271.93	8.07	13.65	28.41	226.37

Results from GraalVM Native images running in custom runtime

	Cold Start (ms)				Warm Start (ms)
	p50	p90	p99	max	p50	p90	p99	max
Micronaut	604.16	659.02	700.45	893.70	6.30	8.00	15.88	69.9
Quarkus	437.45	475.76	519.50	528.03	7.45	12.60	21.32	93.45
Spring Boot	620.66	684.53	721.77	751.98	9.10	14.22	23.61	259.16

👀 With other languages

You can find implementations of this project in other languages here:

• ☕ Java (GraalVM)
• 🦀 Rust
• 🏗️ TypeScript
• 🐿️ Go
• ⭐ Groovy
• 🤖 Kotlin
• 🥅 .NET

Security

See CONTRIBUTING for more information.

License

This library is licensed under the MIT-0 License. See the LICENSE file.