analog.[ch]: remove unnecessary includes

[fauxpark]

Description

Most things do not need to include the entirety of quantum.h and everything it pulls in.

Types of Changes

• Core
• Bugfix
• New feature
• Enhancement/optimization
• Keyboard (addition or update)
• Keymap/layout/userspace (addition or update)
• Documentation

Issues Fixed or Closed by This PR

• Fixes [Bug] Compilation error when enabling both Bluetooth and pointer device #16416

Checklist

• My code follows the code style of this project: C, Python
• I have read the PR Checklist document and have made the appropriate changes.
• My change requires a change to the documentation.
• I have updated the documentation accordingly.
• I have read the CONTRIBUTING document.
• I have added tests to cover my changes.
• I have tested the changes and verified that they work and don't break anything (as well as I can manage).

[drashna]

This breaks the analog_joystick driver. Not sure if that should be addressed here, or in a separate PR. But either way, it now needs:

#include "timer.h"
#include <stdlib.h>