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bpo-45020: Identify which frozen modules are actually aliases. #28655

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@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently commented Sep 30, 2021

In the list of generated frozen modules at the top of Tools/scripts/freeze_modules.py, you will find that some of the modules have a different name than the module (or .py file) that is actually frozen. Let's call each case an "alias". Aliases do not come into play until we get to the (generated) list of modules in Python/frozen.c. (The tool for freezing modules, Programs/_freeze_module, is only concerned with the source file, not the module it will be used for.)

Knowledge of which frozen modules are aliases (and the identity of the original module) normally isn't important. However, this information is valuable when we go to set __file__ on frozen stdlib modules. This change updates Tools/scripts/freeze_modules.py to map aliases to the original module name (or None if not a stdlib module) in Python/frozen.c. We also add a helper function in Python/import.c to look up a frozen module's alias and add the result of that function to the frozen info returned from find_frozen().

https://bugs.python.org/issue45020

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🤖 New build scheduled with the buildbot fleet by @ericsnowcurrently for commit 38b38938b5110d8038710ed4244750dce00eed3d 🤖

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@bedevere-bot bedevere-bot removed the 🔨 test-with-buildbots Test PR w/ buildbots; report in status section label Oct 1, 2021
@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently changed the title bpo-21736: Identify which frozen modules are actually aliases. bpo-45020: Identify which frozen modules are actually aliases. Oct 1, 2021
@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently force-pushed the frozen-modules-aliases branch 3 times, most recently from 48ee937 to ccadbde Compare October 2, 2021 01:38
@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently marked this pull request as ready for review October 5, 2021 16:38
@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently removed the request for review from brettcannon October 5, 2021 16:51
@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently merged commit 08285d5 into python:main Oct 5, 2021
@ericsnowcurrently ericsnowcurrently deleted the frozen-modules-aliases branch October 5, 2021 17:26
ericsnowcurrently added a commit that referenced this pull request Oct 14, 2021
Currently frozen modules do not have __file__ set.  In their spec, origin is set to "frozen" and they are marked as not having a location.  (Similarly, for frozen packages __path__ is set to an empty list.)  However, for frozen stdlib modules we are able to extrapolate __file__ as long as we can determine the stdlib directory at runtime.  (We now do so since gh-28586.)  Having __file__ set is helpful for a number of reasons.  Likewise, having a non-empty __path__ means we can import submodules of a frozen package from the filesystem (e.g. we could partially freeze the encodings module).

This change sets __file__ (and adds to __path__) for frozen stdlib modules.  It uses sys._stdlibdir (from gh-28586) and the frozen module alias information (from gh-28655).  All that work is done in FrozenImporter (in Lib/importlib/_bootstrap.py). 
 Also, if a frozen module is imported before importlib is bootstrapped (during interpreter initialization) then we fix up that module and its spec during the importlib bootstrapping step (i.e. imporlib._bootstrap._setup()) to match what gets set by FrozenImporter, including setting the file info (if the stdlib dir is known).  To facilitate this, modules imported using PyImport_ImportFrozenModule() have __origname__ set using the frozen module alias info.  __origname__ is popped off during importlib bootstrap.

(To be clear, even with this change the new code to set __file__ during fixups in imporlib._bootstrap._setup() doesn't actually get triggered yet.  This is because sys._stdlibdir hasn't been set yet in interpreter initialization at the point importlib is bootstrapped.  However, we do fix up such modules at that point to otherwise match the result of importing through FrozenImporter, just not the __file__ and __path__ parts.  Doing so will require changes in the order in which things happen during interpreter initialization.  That can be addressed separately.  Once it is, the file-related fixup code from this PR will kick in.)

Here are things this change does not do:

* set __file__ for non-stdlib modules (no way of knowing the parent dir)
* set __file__ if the stdlib dir is not known (nor assume the expense of finding it)
* relatedly, set __file__ if the stdlib is in a zip file
* verify that the filename set to __file__ actually exists (too expensive)
* update __path__ for frozen packages that alias a non-package (since there is no package dir)

Other things this change skips, but we may do later:

* set __file__ on modules imported using PyImport_ImportFrozenModule()
* set co_filename when we unmarshal the frozen code object while importing the module (e.g. in FrozenImporter.exec_module()) -- this would allow tracebacks to show source lines
* implement FrozenImporter.get_filename() and FrozenImporter.get_source()

https://bugs.python.org/issue21736
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