monitor and alert on k8s components

assets/alerts/kubernetes.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
+### Container resources ###
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:spec_memory_limit_bytes =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_spec_memory_limit_bytes{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:spec_cpu_shares =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_spec_cpu_shares{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:cpu_usage:rate =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      irate(
+        container_cpu_usage_seconds_total{container_name!=""}[5m]
+      ),
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:memory_usage:bytes =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_memory_usage_bytes{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:memory_working_set:bytes =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_memory_working_set_bytes{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:memory_rss:bytes =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_memory_rss{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:memory_cache:bytes =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_memory_cache{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:disk_usage:bytes =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name) (
+    label_replace(
+      container_disk_usage_bytes{container_name!=""},
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:memory_pagefaults:rate =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name,scope,type) (
+    label_replace(
+      irate(
+        container_memory_failures_total{container_name!=""}[5m]
+      ),
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+cluster_namespace_controller_pod_container:memory_oom:rate =
+  sum by (cluster,namespace,controller,pod_name,container_name,scope,type) (
+    label_replace(
+      irate(
+        container_memory_failcnt{container_name!=""}[5m]
+      ),
+      "controller", "$1",
+      "pod_name", "^(.*)-[a-z0-9]+"
+    )
+  )
+
+### Cluster resources ###
+
+cluster:memory_allocation:percent =
+  100 * sum by (cluster) (
+    container_spec_memory_limit_bytes{pod_name!=""}
+  ) / sum by (cluster) (
+    machine_memory_bytes
+  )
+
+cluster:memory_used:percent =
+  100 * sum by (cluster) (
+    container_memory_usage_bytes{pod_name!=""}
+  ) / sum by (cluster) (
+    machine_memory_bytes
+  )
+
+cluster:cpu_allocation:percent =
+  100 * sum by (cluster) (
+    container_spec_cpu_shares{pod_name!=""}
+  ) / sum by (cluster) (
+    container_spec_cpu_shares{id="/"} * on(cluster,instance) machine_cpu_cores
+  )
+
+cluster:node_cpu_use:percent =
+  100 * sum by (cluster) (
+    rate(node_cpu{mode!="idle"}[5m])
+  ) / sum by (cluster) (
+    machine_cpu_cores
+  )
+
+### API latency ###
+
+# Raw metrics are in microseconds. Convert to seconds.
+cluster_resource_verb:apiserver_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.99"} =
+  histogram_quantile(
+    0.99,
+    sum by(le,cluster,job,resource,verb) (apiserver_request_latencies_bucket)
+  ) / 1e6
+cluster_resource_verb:apiserver_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.9"} =
+  histogram_quantile(
+    0.9,
+    sum by(le,cluster,job,resource,verb) (apiserver_request_latencies_bucket)
+  ) / 1e6
+cluster_resource_verb:apiserver_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.5"} =
+  histogram_quantile(
+    0.5,
+    sum by(le,cluster,job,resource,verb) (apiserver_request_latencies_bucket)
+  ) / 1e6
+
+### Scheduling latency ###
+
+cluster:scheduler_e2e_scheduling_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.99"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.99,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_e2e_scheduling_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+cluster:scheduler_e2e_scheduling_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.9"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.9,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_e2e_scheduling_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+cluster:scheduler_e2e_scheduling_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.5"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.5,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_e2e_scheduling_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+
+cluster:scheduler_scheduling_algorithm_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.99"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.99,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_scheduling_algorithm_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+cluster:scheduler_scheduling_algorithm_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.9"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.9,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_scheduling_algorithm_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+cluster:scheduler_scheduling_algorithm_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.5"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.5,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_scheduling_algorithm_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+
+cluster:scheduler_binding_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.99"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.99,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_binding_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+cluster:scheduler_binding_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.9"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.9,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_binding_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+cluster:scheduler_binding_latency:quantile_seconds{quantile="0.5"} =
+  histogram_quantile(0.5,sum by (le,cluster) (scheduler_binding_latency_microseconds_bucket)) / 1e6
+
+ALERT K8SNodeDown
+  IF up{job="kubelets"} == 0
+  FOR 1h
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Kubelet cannot be scraped",
+    description = "Prometheus could not scrape a {{ $labels.job }} for more than one hour",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SNodeNotReady
+  IF kube_node_status_ready{condition="true"} == 0
+  FOR 1h
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Node status is NotReady",
+    description = "The Kubelet on {{ $labels.node }} has not checked in with the API, or has set itself to NotReady, for more than an hour",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SManyNodesNotReady
+  IF
+    count by (cluster) (kube_node_status_ready{condition="true"} == 0) > 1
+    AND
+      (
+        count by (cluster) (kube_node_status_ready{condition="true"} == 0)
+      /
+        count by (cluster) (kube_node_status_ready{condition="true"})
+      ) > 0.2
+  FOR 1m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Many K8s nodes are Not Ready",
+    description = "{{ $value }} K8s nodes (more than 10% of cluster {{ $labels.cluster }}) are in the NotReady state.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SKubeletNodeExporterDown
+  IF up{job="node-exporter"} == 0
+  FOR 15m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Kubelet node_exporter cannot be scraped",
+    description = "Prometheus could not scrape a {{ $labels.job }} for more than one hour.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SKubeletDown
+  IF absent(up{job="kubelets"}) or count by (cluster) (up{job="kubelets"} == 0) / count by (cluster) (up{job="kubelets"}) > 0.1
+  FOR 1h
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Many Kubelets cannot be scraped",
+    description = "Prometheus failed to scrape more than 10% of kubelets, or all Kubelets have disappeared from service discovery.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SApiserverDown
+  IF up{job="kubernetes"} == 0
+  FOR 15m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "API server unreachable",
+    description = "An API server could not be scraped.",
+  }
+
+# Disable for non HA kubernetes setups.
+ALERT K8SApiserverDown
+  IF absent({job="kubernetes"}) or count by(cluster) (up{job="kubernetes"} == 1) < 2
+  FOR 5m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "API server unreachable",
+    description = "Prometheus failed to scrape multiple API servers, or all API servers have disappeared from service discovery.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SSchedulerDown
+  IF absent(up{job="kube-scheduler"}) or (count by(cluster) (up{job="kube-scheduler"} == 1) == 0)
+  FOR 5m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Scheduler is down",
+    description = "There is no running K8S scheduler. New pods are not being assigned to nodes.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SControllerManagerDown
+  IF absent(up{job="kube-controller-manager"}) or (count by(cluster) (up{job="kube-controller-manager"} == 1) == 0)
+  FOR 5m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Controller manager is down",
+    description = "There is no running K8S controller manager. Deployments and replication controllers are not making progress.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SMoreThanOneController
+  IF count by (job,cluster) (up{job=~"kube-scheduler|kube-controller-manager"}) > 1
+  FOR 5m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "More than one controller node is active",
+    description = "There is more than one {{ $labels.job }} managing the cluster. Cluster behaviour is undefined.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SConntrackTableFull
+  IF 100*node_nf_conntrack_entries / node_nf_conntrack_entries_limit > 50
+  FOR 10m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Number of tracked connections is near the limit",
+    description = "The nf_conntrack table is {{ $value }}% full.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SConntrackTableFull
+  IF 100*node_nf_conntrack_entries / node_nf_conntrack_entries_limit > 90
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Number of tracked connections is near the limit",
+    description = "The nf_conntrack table is {{ $value }}% full.",
+  }
+
+# To catch the conntrack sysctl de-tuning when it happens
+ALERT K8SConntrackTuningMissing
+  IF node_nf_conntrack_udp_timeout > 10
+  FOR 10m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Node does not have the correct conntrack tunings",
+    description = "Nodes keep un-setting the correct tunings, investigate when it happens.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8STooManyOpenFiles
+  IF 100*process_open_fds{job=~"kubelets|kubernetes"} / process_max_fds > 50
+  FOR 10m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "{{ $labels.job }} has too many open file descriptors",
+    description = "{{ $labels.node }} is using {{ $value }}% of the available file/socket descriptors.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8STooManyOpenFiles
+  IF 100*process_open_fds{job=~"kubelets|kubernetes"} / process_max_fds > 80
+  FOR 10m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "critical"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "{{ $labels.job }} has too many open file descriptors",
+    description = "{{ $labels.node }} is using {{ $value }}% of the available file/socket descriptors.",
+  }
+
+# Some verbs excluded because they are expected to be long-lasting:
+# WATCHLIST is long-poll, CONNECT is `kubectl exec`.
+ALERT K8SApiServerLatency
+  IF histogram_quantile(
+      0.99,
+      sum without (instance,node,resource) (apiserver_request_latencies_bucket{verb!~"CONNECT|WATCHLIST"})
+    ) / 1e6 > 1.0
+  FOR 10m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Kubernetes apiserver latency is high",
+    description = "99th percentile Latency for {{ $labels.verb }} requests to the kube-apiserver is higher than 1s.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SApiServerEtcdAccessLatency
+  IF etcd_request_latencies_summary{quantile="0.99"} / 1e6 > 1.0
+  FOR 15m
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning"
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Access to etcd is slow",
+    description = "99th percentile latency for apiserver to access etcd is higher than 1s.",
+  }
+
+ALERT K8SKubeletTooManyPods
+  IF kubelet_running_pod_count > 100
+  LABELS {
+    service = "k8s",
+    severity = "warning",
+  }
+  ANNOTATIONS {
+    summary = "Kubelet is close to pod limit",
+    description = "Kubelet {{$labels.instance}} is running {{$value}} pods, close to the limit of 110",
+  }
+