ddl: wait schema change before rename table job is done (#43341)

[ti-chi-bot]

This is an automated cherry-pick of #43341

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: close #43338

Problem Summary:

What is changed and how it works?

We split the renaming table job into two steps:

1. rename table and update the schema version.
2. update the job state to JobStateDone.

This is the requirement from TiCDC because

• it uses the job state to check whether the DDL is finished.
• there is a gap between schema reloading and job state updating:
  when the job state is updated to JobStateDone, before the new schema reloaded,
  there may be DMLs that use the old schema.
• TiCDC cannot handle the DMLs that use the old schema, because
  the commit TS of the DMLs are greater than the job state updating TS.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Side effects

• Performance regression: Consumes more CPU
• Performance regression: Consumes more Memory
• Breaking backward compatibility

Documentation

• Affects user behaviors
• Contains syntax changes
• Contains variable changes
• Contains experimental features
• Changes MySQL compatibility

Release note

Please refer to Release Notes Language Style Guide to write a quality release note.

None

[ti-chi-bot]

[REVIEW NOTIFICATION]

This pull request has been approved by:

• tangenta
• zimulala

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[tangenta]

/merge

[ti-chi-bot]

This pull request has been accepted and is ready to merge.

Commit hash: a2ced0b

[tangenta]

/retest