basic-features.md: add a column for v8.3.0

[hfxsd]

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What is changed, added or deleted? (Required)

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• master (the latest development version)
• v8.3 (TiDB 8.3 versions)
• v8.2 (TiDB 8.2 versions)
• v8.1 (TiDB 8.1 versions)
• v8.0 (TiDB 8.0 versions)
• v7.5 (TiDB 7.5 versions)
• v7.1 (TiDB 7.1 versions)
• v6.5 (TiDB 6.5 versions)
• v6.1 (TiDB 6.1 versions)
• v5.4 (TiDB 5.4 versions)
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• v5.2 (TiDB 5.2 versions)

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• Delete files
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[ti-chi-bot]

@Frank945946: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

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[ti-chi-bot]

@Frank945946: adding LGTM is restricted to approvers and reviewers in OWNERS files.

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[ti-chi-bot]

[LGTM Timeline notifier]

Timeline:

• 2024-08-21 02:28:24.867567664 +0000 UTC m=+318900.002017771: ☑️ agreed by qiancai.
• 2024-08-21 05:48:19.228686873 +0000 UTC m=+330894.363136995: ☑️ agreed by Oreoxmt.

[hfxsd]

/approve

[ti-chi-bot]

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[ti-chi-bot]

In response to a cherrypick label: new pull request created to branch release-8.3: #18417.