Fix mode/comp params so parameter overrides work (#2083)

PR adds capability to override parameters when specifying mode and
compression. In order to do this, I add functionality for creating a
deep copy of KNNMethodContext and MethodComponentContext so that we
wouldnt overwrite user provided config. Then, re-arranged some of the
parameter resolution logic.

Signed-off-by: John Mazanec <[email protected]>
(cherry picked from commit 270ac6a)

src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/engine/AbstractMethodResolver.java

@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright OpenSearch Contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+package org.opensearch.knn.index.engine;
+
+import org.opensearch.common.ValidationException;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.SpaceType;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.VectorDataType;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.mapper.CompressionLevel;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.mapper.Mode;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import static org.opensearch.knn.common.KNNConstants.METHOD_ENCODER_PARAMETER;
+
+/**
+ * Abstract {@link MethodResolver} with helpful utilitiy functions that can be shared across different
+ * implementations
+ */
+public abstract class AbstractMethodResolver implements MethodResolver {
+
+    /**
+     * Utility method to get the compression level from the context
+     *
+     * @param resolvedKnnMethodContext Resolved method context. Should have an encoder set in the params if available
+     * @return {@link CompressionLevel} Compression level that is configured with the {@link KNNMethodContext}
+     */
+    protected CompressionLevel resolveCompressionLevelFromMethodContext(
+        KNNMethodContext resolvedKnnMethodContext,
+        KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext,
+        Map<String, Encoder> encoderMap
+    ) {
+        // If the context is null, the compression is not configured or the encoder is not defined, return not configured
+        // because the method context does not contain this info
+        if (isEncoderSpecified(resolvedKnnMethodContext) == false) {
+            return CompressionLevel.x1;
+        }
+        Encoder encoder = encoderMap.get(getEncoderName(resolvedKnnMethodContext));
+        if (encoder == null) {
+            return CompressionLevel.NOT_CONFIGURED;
+        }
+        return encoder.calculateCompressionLevel(getEncoderComponentContext(resolvedKnnMethodContext), knnMethodConfigContext);
+    }
+
+    protected void resolveMethodParams(
+        MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext,
+        KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext,
+        MethodComponent methodComponent
+    ) {
+        Map<String, Object> resolvedParams = MethodComponent.getParameterMapWithDefaultsAdded(
+            methodComponentContext,
+            methodComponent,
+            knnMethodConfigContext
+        );
+        methodComponentContext.getParameters().putAll(resolvedParams);
+    }
+
+    protected KNNMethodContext initResolvedKNNMethodContext(
+        KNNMethodContext originalMethodContext,
+        KNNEngine knnEngine,
+        SpaceType spaceType,
+        String methodName
+    ) {
+        if (originalMethodContext == null) {
+            return new KNNMethodContext(knnEngine, spaceType, new MethodComponentContext(methodName, new HashMap<>()));
+        }
+        return new KNNMethodContext(originalMethodContext);
+    }
+
+    protected String getEncoderName(KNNMethodContext knnMethodContext) {
+        if (isEncoderSpecified(knnMethodContext) == false) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        MethodComponentContext methodComponentContext = getEncoderComponentContext(knnMethodContext);
+        if (methodComponentContext == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return methodComponentContext.getName();
+    }
+
+    protected MethodComponentContext getEncoderComponentContext(KNNMethodContext knnMethodContext) {
+        if (isEncoderSpecified(knnMethodContext) == false) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        return (MethodComponentContext) knnMethodContext.getMethodComponentContext().getParameters().get(METHOD_ENCODER_PARAMETER);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine if the encoder parameter is specified
+     *
+     * @param knnMethodContext {@link KNNMethodContext}
+     * @return true is the encoder is specified in the structure; false otherwise
+     */
+    protected boolean isEncoderSpecified(KNNMethodContext knnMethodContext) {
+        return knnMethodContext != null
+            && knnMethodContext.getMethodComponentContext().getParameters() != null
+            && knnMethodContext.getMethodComponentContext().getParameters().containsKey(METHOD_ENCODER_PARAMETER);
+    }
+
+    protected boolean shouldEncoderBeResolved(KNNMethodContext knnMethodContext, KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext) {
+        // The encoder should not be resolved if:
+        // 1. The encoder is specified
+        // 2. The compression is x1
+        // 3. The compression is not specified and the mode is not disk-based
+        if (isEncoderSpecified(knnMethodContext)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (knnMethodConfigContext.getCompressionLevel() == CompressionLevel.x1) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (CompressionLevel.isConfigured(knnMethodConfigContext.getCompressionLevel()) == false
+            && Mode.ON_DISK != knnMethodConfigContext.getMode()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (VectorDataType.FLOAT != knnMethodConfigContext.getVectorDataType()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    protected ValidationException validateNotTrainingContext(
+        boolean shouldRequireTraining,
+        KNNEngine knnEngine,
+        ValidationException validationException
+    ) {
+        if (shouldRequireTraining) {
+            validationException = validationException == null ? new ValidationException() : validationException;
+            validationException.addValidationError(
+                String.format(Locale.ROOT, "Cannot use \"%s\" engine from training context", knnEngine.getName())
+            );
+        }
+
+        return validationException;
+    }
+
+    protected ValidationException validateCompressionSupported(
+        CompressionLevel compressionLevel,
+        Set<CompressionLevel> supportedCompressionLevels,
+        KNNEngine knnEngine,
+        ValidationException validationException
+    ) {
+        if (CompressionLevel.isConfigured(compressionLevel) && supportedCompressionLevels.contains(compressionLevel) == false) {
+            validationException = validationException == null ? new ValidationException() : validationException;
+            validationException.addValidationError(
+                String.format(Locale.ROOT, "\"%s\" does not support \"%s\" compression", knnEngine.getName(), compressionLevel.getName())
+            );
+        }
+        return validationException;
+    }
+
+    protected ValidationException validateCompressionNotx1WhenOnDisk(
+        KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext,
+        ValidationException validationException
+    ) {
+        if (knnMethodConfigContext.getCompressionLevel() == CompressionLevel.x1 && knnMethodConfigContext.getMode() == Mode.ON_DISK) {
+            validationException = validationException == null ? new ValidationException() : validationException;
+            validationException.addValidationError(
+                String.format(Locale.ROOT, "Cannot specify \"x1\" compression level when using \"%s\" mode", Mode.ON_DISK.getName())
+            );
+        }
+        return validationException;
+    }
+
+    protected void validateCompressionConflicts(CompressionLevel originalCompressionLevel, CompressionLevel resolvedCompressionLevel) {
+        if (CompressionLevel.isConfigured(originalCompressionLevel)
+            && CompressionLevel.isConfigured(resolvedCompressionLevel)
+            && resolvedCompressionLevel != originalCompressionLevel) {
+            ValidationException validationException = new ValidationException();
+            validationException.addValidationError("Cannot specify an encoder that conflicts with the provided compression level");
+            throw validationException;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/engine/Encoder.java

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 
 package org.opensearch.knn.index.engine;
 
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.mapper.CompressionLevel;
+
 /**
  * Interface representing an encoder. An encoder generally refers to a vector quantizer.
  */
@@ -24,4 +26,14 @@ default String getName() {
      * @return Method component associated with the encoder
      */
     MethodComponent getMethodComponent();
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate the compression level for the give params. Assume float32 vectors are used. All parameters should
+     * be resolved in the encoderContext passed in.
+     *
+     * @param encoderContext Context for the encoder to extract params from
+     * @return Compression level this encoder produces. If the encoder does not support this calculation yet, it will
+     *          return {@link CompressionLevel#NOT_CONFIGURED}
+     */
+    CompressionLevel calculateCompressionLevel(MethodComponentContext encoderContext, KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext);
 }

src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/engine/EngineResolver.java

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright OpenSearch Contributors
+ * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+package org.opensearch.knn.index.engine;
+
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.mapper.CompressionLevel;
+import org.opensearch.knn.index.mapper.Mode;
+
+/**
+ * Figures out what {@link KNNEngine} to use based on configuration details
+ */
+public final class EngineResolver {
+
+    public static final EngineResolver INSTANCE = new EngineResolver();
+
+    private EngineResolver() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Based on the provided {@link Mode} and {@link CompressionLevel}, resolve to a {@link KNNEngine}.
+     *
+     * @param knnMethodConfigContext configuration context
+     * @param knnMethodContext KNNMethodContext
+     * @param requiresTraining whether config requires training
+     * @return {@link KNNEngine}
+     */
+    public KNNEngine resolveEngine(
+        KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext,
+        KNNMethodContext knnMethodContext,
+        boolean requiresTraining
+    ) {
+        // User configuration gets precedence
+        if (knnMethodContext != null && knnMethodContext.isEngineConfigured()) {
+            return knnMethodContext.getKnnEngine();
+        }
+
+        // Faiss is the only engine that supports training, so we default to faiss here for now
+        if (requiresTraining) {
+            return KNNEngine.FAISS;
+        }
+
+        Mode mode = knnMethodConfigContext.getMode();
+        CompressionLevel compressionLevel = knnMethodConfigContext.getCompressionLevel();
+        // If both mode and compression are not specified, we can just default
+        if (Mode.isConfigured(mode) == false && CompressionLevel.isConfigured(compressionLevel) == false) {
+            return KNNEngine.DEFAULT;
+        }
+
+        // For 1x, we need to default to faiss if mode is provided and use nmslib otherwise
+        if (CompressionLevel.isConfigured(compressionLevel) == false || compressionLevel == CompressionLevel.x1) {
+            return mode == Mode.ON_DISK ? KNNEngine.FAISS : KNNEngine.DEFAULT;
+        }
+
+        // Lucene is only engine that supports 4x - so we have to default to it here.
+        if (compressionLevel == CompressionLevel.x4) {
+            return KNNEngine.LUCENE;
+        }
+
+        return KNNEngine.FAISS;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/engine/KNNEngine.java

@@ -201,4 +201,14 @@ public void setInitialized(Boolean isInitialized) {
     public List<String> mmapFileExtensions() {
         return knnLibrary.mmapFileExtensions();
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public ResolvedMethodContext resolveMethod(
+        KNNMethodContext knnMethodContext,
+        KNNMethodConfigContext knnMethodConfigContext,
+        boolean shouldRequireTraining,
+        final SpaceType spaceType
+    ) {
+        return knnLibrary.resolveMethod(knnMethodContext, knnMethodConfigContext, shouldRequireTraining, spaceType);
+    }
 }

src/main/java/org/opensearch/knn/index/engine/KNNLibrary.java

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 /**
  * KNNLibrary is an interface that helps the plugin communicate with k-NN libraries
  */
-public interface KNNLibrary {
+public interface KNNLibrary extends MethodResolver {
 
     /**
      * Gets the version of the library that is being used. In general, this can be used for ensuring compatibility of