Allow precreation of AttributeSets for metrics #1421

KallDrexx · 2023-12-01T21:04:41Z

Fixes #1387
Design discussion issue (if applicable) #

Changes

This PR creates a backwards incompatible change to the public metric interfaces to allow pre-created and cached attribute sets to be passed into Counter, Histogram, and Observer APIs instead of references to KeyValue slices.

The first benefit of this change is that there is no more hidden string cloning/allocations occurring. The AttributeSet that is passed in now contains an Arc<T> to it's internal data. This allows each measurement used by the instrument to share its internal KeyValue pairs instead of cloning them for each instrument. Likewise, the caller of OpenTelemetry-rust can also pas the same attribute set into multiple instrument measurement calls without performing any cloning.

A second benefit is that if consumers have a stable set of KeyValue pairs for a set of counters, they can create an AttributeSet once and only pay the sorting + deduplication + hash calculation costs a single time instead of every measurement call.

This should increase performance when metrics are used with common attributes, while having minimal impact when using dynamic attributes. The one case where performance regression might be encountered are instruments that heavily utilize the AttributeSet::retain() function, as we now have to clone the underlying KeyValue pairs and create a new AttributeSet for the retained version now that AttributeSets are internally immutable.

This is a breaking API change, however it now requires a previous call of cntr.add(1, &[KeyValue::new("K", i)]); to be changed to cntr.add(1, [KeyValue::new("K", i)].into());. Specifically, a reference is no longer passed in and it has to be converted into an AttributeSet, which can be done with the .into() clause.

The AttributeSet type had to be raised to the root opentelemetry trait to be visible to all types.

Metrics Stress Tests

main:
Number of threads: 6
Throughput: 6,459,800 iterations/sec
Throughput: 6,487,000 iterations/sec
Throughput: 6,085,600 iterations/sec
Throughput: 6,018,600 iterations/sec

pr:
Number of threads: 6
Throughput: 7,571,600 iterations/sec
Throughput: 7,786,000 iterations/sec
Throughput: 7,757,400 iterations/sec
Throughput: 7,617,400 iterations/sec

Likewise, a new stress test was added to show throughput with premade attribute sets

Number of threads: 6
Throughput: 10,310,000 iterations/sec
Throughput: 10,317,000 iterations/sec
Throughput: 10,384,000 iterations/sec
Throughput: 10,378,800 iterations/sec
Throughput: 10,299,600 iterations/sec

Metric_Counter Benchmark

main:
Counter_Add_Sorted      time:   [727.79 ns 736.87 ns 747.75 ns]
Found 11 outliers among 100 measurements (11.00%)
  4 (4.00%) high mild
  7 (7.00%) high severe

Counter_Add_Unsorted    time:   [720.25 ns 727.28 ns 734.66 ns]
Found 7 outliers among 100 measurements (7.00%)
  3 (3.00%) high mild
  4 (4.00%) high severe

pr:
Counter_Add_Sorted      time:   [764.60 ns 779.08 ns 796.56 ns]
                        change: [-9.8051% -5.0974% -0.7162%] (p = 0.04 < 0.05)
                        Change within noise threshold.
Found 7 outliers among 100 measurements (7.00%)
  3 (3.00%) high mild
  4 (4.00%) high severe

Counter_Add_Unsorted    time:   [742.61 ns 752.64 ns 765.10 ns]
                        change: [+0.6259% +2.5097% +4.2566%] (p = 0.01 < 0.05)
                        Change within noise threshold.
Found 5 outliers among 100 measurements (5.00%)
  5 (5.00%) high severe

Counter_Add_Cached_Attributes
                        time:   [81.280 ns 81.979 ns 82.869 ns]
Found 7 outliers among 100 measurements (7.00%)
  2 (2.00%) high mild
  5 (5.00%) high severe

(note that the last benchmark is new)

Metrics Benchmark

main: metric.main.txt

pr: metric.pr.txt

Merge requirement checklist

CONTRIBUTING guidelines followed
Unit tests added/updated (if applicable)
Appropriate CHANGELOG.md files updated for non-trivial, user-facing changes
Changes in public API reviewed (if applicable)

codecov · 2023-12-01T21:32:48Z

Codecov Report

Attention: 67 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (5b456dd) 61.3% compared to head (d2f7ad0) 63.2%.

❗ Current head d2f7ad0 differs from pull request most recent head ef330e1. Consider uploading reports for the commit ef330e1 to get more accurate results

Files	Patch %	Lines
opentelemetry/src/attributes/set.rs	87.6%	35 Missing ⚠️
stress/src/metrics_cached_attrs.rs	0.0%	10 Missing ⚠️
opentelemetry/src/metrics/noop.rs	0.0%	5 Missing ⚠️
opentelemetry/src/metrics/instruments/gauge.rs	0.0%	4 Missing ⚠️
opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/instrument.rs	80.0%	2 Missing ⚠️
opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/meter.rs	33.3%	2 Missing ⚠️
opentelemetry/src/metrics/instruments/counter.rs	50.0%	2 Missing ⚠️
...lemetry/src/metrics/instruments/up_down_counter.rs	50.0%	2 Missing ⚠️
...pentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/internal/aggregate.rs	94.7%	1 Missing ⚠️
opentelemetry-sdk/src/resource/mod.rs	96.0%	1 Missing ⚠️
... and 3 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##            main   #1421     +/-   ##
=======================================
+ Coverage   61.3%   63.2%   +1.8%     
=======================================
  Files        146     147      +1     
  Lines      19459   19664    +205     
=======================================
+ Hits       11938   12428    +490     
+ Misses      7521    7236    -285

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
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cijothomas · 2023-12-01T21:53:10Z

opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/mod.rs

@@ -266,7 +269,6 @@ mod tests {
    // "multi_thread" tokio flavor must be used else flush won't
    // be able to make progress!
    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 1)]
-    #[ignore = "Spatial aggregation is not yet implemented."]


there is one more ignored test to be un-ignored now.

cijothomas · 2023-12-01T21:58:38Z

opentelemetry/src/attributes/set.rs

+
+impl Ord for HashKeyValue {
+    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
+        match self.0.key.cmp(&other.0.key) {


I understand this is not introduced in this PR, but I am not able to follow the logic behind this comparison.. Wont a simple "self.0.key.cmp(&other.0.key)" be sufficient here? The question of Key's being equal should not occur as we de-dedup before sorting...

@KallDrexx Gentle reminder for this! Not a blocker for this PR.

xnorpx · 2023-12-02T02:13:03Z

@KallDrexx can you do:

 pub fn add(&self, value: T, attributes: impl Into<AttributeSet>) {
        self.0.add(value, attributes.into())
 }

to avoid the api break?

TommyCpp · 2023-12-04T02:25:34Z

opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/instrument.rs

@@ -253,25 +253,25 @@ pub(crate) struct ResolvedMeasures<T> {
 }

 impl<T: Copy + 'static> SyncCounter<T> for ResolvedMeasures<T> {
-    fn add(&self, val: T, attrs: &[KeyValue]) {
+    fn add(&self, val: T, attrs: AttributeSet) {


+1 on making adding a generic function here to replace AttributeSet

Made the outer Counter accept the Into<AttributeSet> but left the inner Sync* types alone.

hdost · 2023-12-04T22:18:42Z

@KallDrexx can you do:

 pub fn add(&self, value: T, attributes: impl Into<AttributeSet>) {
        self.0.add(value, attributes.into())
 }

to avoid the api break?

I really think we should do this, and we can impl From<> if we haven't already, and I believe into() on self should be free as it will be detected by the compiler.

KallDrexx · 2023-12-05T01:59:35Z

Sorry been a bit busy the last few days, will give this a try tomorrow.

KallDrexx · 2023-12-05T15:55:44Z

The Into<T> suggestion works to get rid of .into() clauses, but making it a backwards compatible change is much more nuanced and depends what we mean.

Specifically, do we wish to retain being able to pass in a &[KeyValue]?

The problem is the current From trait I created to support non-reference attribute set creation was

impl<I: IntoIterator<Item = KeyValue>> From<I> for AttributeSet
where
    <I as IntoIterator>::IntoIter: DoubleEndedIterator + ExactSizeIterator,
{
    fn from(values: I) -> Self {
        AttributeSet(Arc::new(InternalAttributeSet::from(values)))
    }
}

This works well for [KeyValue: N] type of values, as well as a Vec<KeyValue> or any other type of type that implements IntoIterator<KeyValue>. However, &[KeyValue] does not implement IntoIterator<KeyValue> but instead implements IntoIterator<&KeyValue>.

But you can't have impl<I: IntoIterator<Item = KeyValue>> From for AttributeSet while also having impl<'a, I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a KeyValue>> From for AttributeSet, because the compiler sees them as conflicting implementations.

I can fix this by removing these implementations and go for more concrete implementations, such as

impl<const N: usize> From<&[KeyValue; N]> for AttributeSet {
    fn from(value: &[KeyValue; N]) -> Self {
        AttributeSet(Arc::new(InternalAttributeSet::from(value.iter().cloned())))
    }
}

impl<const N: usize> From<[KeyValue; N]> for AttributeSet {
    fn from(value: [KeyValue; N]) -> Self {
        AttributeSet(Arc::new(InternalAttributeSet::from(value.into_iter())))
    }
}

However, this means you can only pass in references or owned fixed size arrays to create an attribute set. You can't pass in a hashset<KeyValue>, a HashMap<Key, Value>, a Vec<KeyValue> or any other type that can be converted to an attribute set without us explicitely adding more From<T> implementations.

So the question becomes, do we want to support shared references and keep the API backward compatible, but enforce a limited set of iterator types that can be utilized, or make the API more broad?

KallDrexx · 2023-12-05T16:41:02Z

Take away from SIG call:

Keeping hidden cloning out of the library's creation of AttributeSets is important so consumers of the API can have better visibility into the costs of their calls. Since Key and Value types can contained owned strings, it's required that we clone them if we take a shared reference, and therefore we seem to want the API to move away from taking in a shared reference to a slice.
Having the From trait utilize generics and allow for an expansive set of collection/iterator types is important for maintaining the semantic meaning of how you create an attribute set.

I'm still open for discussion on it, but with that I'm going to go with the first code block I posted (IntoIterator From implementation) for the moment.

…into an attribute set

hdost · 2023-12-05T17:28:17Z

Take away from SIG call:

1. Keeping hidden cloning out of the library's creation of `AttributeSet`s is important so consumers of the API can have better visibility into the costs of their calls.  Since `Key` and `Value` types can contained owned strings, it's required that we clone them if we take a shared reference, and therefore we seem to want the API to move away from taking in a shared reference to a slice.

2. Having the `From` trait utilize generics and allow for an expansive set of collection/iterator types is important for maintaining the semantic meaning of how you create an attribute set.

I'm still open for discussion on it, but with that I'm going to go with the first code block I posted (IntoIterator From implementation) for the moment.

Well unfortunately I missed the call because I was assuming we were going to meet at the later time of 9am 😓 I'll try to read over this.

KallDrexx · 2023-12-05T18:30:43Z

Note that the impl Into<AttributeSet> is less trivial to do for observers. This is because observers are passed in dynamically via register_callback and thus there's no easy way to resolve the generic at compile time. For example:

    fn register_callback(
        &self,
        instruments: &[Arc<dyn Any>],
        callbacks: Box<MultiInstrumentCallback>,
    ) -> Result<Box<dyn CallbackRegistration>>;

type MultiInstrumentCallback = dyn Fn(&dyn Observer) + Send + Sync;

Since we are just passing in a function which can take in any observer, there's no way for it to resolve at compile time what type of generic we will use for Into<AttributeSet>. I could set a generic parameter on the Observer trait itself, but that doesn't seem ideal because that means each observer (and potentially instrument provider) can only support one type of attribute set conversion each.

So I'm going to leave that as taking an AttributeSet instead of using generics unless someone disagrees.

jtescher · 2024-01-08T17:14:08Z

opentelemetry/src/attributes/set.rs

+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct AttributeSet(Arc<InternalAttributeSet>);
+
+impl<'a, I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a KeyValue>> From<I> for AttributeSet


It's a little unfortunate to require this to always be references from a caller perspective. One alternative could be to make a new trait so this can accept both iterators over references and owned values? e.g.

trait ToKv { fn to_kv(self) -> KeyValue; } impl ToKv for KeyValue { fn to_kv(self) -> KeyValue { self } } impl ToKv for &'_ KeyValue { fn to_kv(self) -> KeyValue { self.clone() } } impl<'a, KV, I> From for AttributeSet where KV: ToKv, I: IntoIterator<Item = KV>, ::IntoIter: DoubleEndedIterator + ExactSizeIterator, { fn from(values: I) -> Self { AttributeSet(Arc::new(InternalAttributeSet::from( values.into_iter().map(ToKv::to_kv), ))) } }

That would allow for a greater variety of arguments

let _ = AttributeSet::from(vec![KeyValue::new("owned", true)]); let _ = AttributeSet::from(&[KeyValue::new("owned", false)]);

Good trick. Done.

In order to do this. I had to slightly re-arrange the Resource to AttributeSet conversion, since my previous From<&Resource> to AttributeSet implementation ended up causing an ambiguous reference. So that code was moved into the Resource struct itself (which probably makes more sense anyway).

jtescher · 2024-01-08T17:33:07Z

examples/metrics-basic/src/main.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use opentelemetry::attributes::AttributeSet;


Small nit, but the other non-signal-prefixed types are exported at the opentelemetry root, could be more consistent to expose this as opentelemetry::AttributeSet;?

Moved AttributeSet reference to opentelemetry root

jtescher

This looks good to me, could update the examples to remove the extra reference when constructing the attribute sets to clean them up, but not strictly necessary.

stress/src/metrics_cached_attrs.rs

cijothomas · 2024-01-23T02:46:46Z

opentelemetry-otlp/examples/basic-otlp/src/main.rs

@@ -131,7 +132,7 @@ async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync + 'static>> {

            span.add_event("Sub span event", vec![]);

-            histogram.record(1.3, &[]);
+            histogram.record(1.3, AttributeSet::default());


not in this PR, but just realized that this is somewhat awkward having to pass empty/default when no dimensions!

This is kind of an artifact of the original state of the PR being backward incompatible. In the current state of the code &[] now works again.

cijothomas · 2024-01-23T02:48:35Z

opentelemetry-prometheus/src/lib.rs

-//! histogram.record(100, &[KeyValue::new("key", "value")]);
+//! let attributes = AttributeSet::from(&[KeyValue::new("key", "value")]);
+//!
+//! counter.add(100, attributes.clone());


i am not sure how common is it to have 2 instruments used with same attributes.. maybe better to stick with existing examples only.

(Also counter's functionality is already provided by histogram, so this example of showing both could be confusing! But that is unrelated to this PR)

Since this example uses a histogram, and histograms couldn't be updated to take a Into<AttributeSet> either, the precreated attribute set is required here for at least that one.

cijothomas · 2024-01-23T03:02:29Z

opentelemetry-sdk/src/testing/metrics/in_memory_exporter.rs

@@ -46,7 +47,8 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 ///  // Create and record metrics using the MeterProvider
 ///  let meter = meter_provider.meter(std::borrow::Cow::Borrowed("example"));
 ///  let counter = meter.u64_counter("my_counter").init();
-///  counter.add(1, &[KeyValue::new("key", "value")]);
+///  let attributes = AttributeSet::from(&[KeyValue::new("key", "value")]);


i am not sure if we should change all examples to use AttributeSet.. maybe show it only where it gives some perf benefits.

These examples were changed prior to a backward compatible solution being found, thus I had to update all the doctests to use precreated attributes for CI to pass.

lalitb · 2024-01-23T03:12:33Z

opentelemetry-prometheus/tests/integration_test.rs

-                let attrs2 = vec![
+                counter.add(5.0, attrs.clone());
+                counter.add(10.3, attrs.clone());
+                counter.add(9.0, attrs.clone());


nit - do we need to clone() here?

lalitb · 2024-01-23T03:14:18Z

opentelemetry-prometheus/tests/integration_test.rs

-                let attrs2 = vec![
+                counter.add(5.0, attrs.clone());
+                counter.add(10.3, attrs.clone());
+                counter.add(9.0, attrs.clone());


nit - same as earlier, we can remove clone() here? Also few more places in the integration test.

lalitb · 2024-01-23T07:07:25Z

opentelemetry-sdk/src/metrics/internal/aggregate.rs

@@ -96,7 +91,7 @@ impl<T: Number<T>> AggregateBuilder<T> {
        let filter = self.filter.as_ref().map(Arc::clone);
        move |n, mut attrs: AttributeSet| {
            if let Some(filter) = &filter {
-                attrs.retain(filter.as_ref());
+                attrs = attrs.clone_with(filter.as_ref());


This will clone every HashKeyValue that passes the filter. Unfortunately, I don't think this would be easy to avoid. Not blocking this PR, maybe something we can look in the future.

Yeah I wasn't happy about this part of the change, but the only way precreated attribute sets really worked is by making them immutable.

lalitb

Thanks for the PR. Nicely done. Please update the ChangeLog to reflect breaking changes for Observables.

opentelemetry/CHANGELOG.md

Co-authored-by: Cijo Thomas <[email protected]>

cijothomas · 2024-02-02T21:48:43Z

This caused some unintended side-effects, opened a separate issue to discussion options : #1508

…y#1421)" This reverts commit 16fd1ab.

Matthew Shapiro added 8 commits November 30, 2023 09:58

Move attribute set to root crate

6f42c3a

Attribute set passed in as argument

92977cd

Removed idea files

9f9905b

From trait utilizing iterators instead of reference slices

8fe79b9

Initial mod comment

4b61676

Update benchmarks

d47e9df

Add benchmark and stress test

3cf8b13

counter compile error

1cb67fc

KallDrexx requested a review from a team December 1, 2023 21:04

cijothomas mentioned this pull request Dec 1, 2023

Fix aggregation bug due to stale hash value #1422

Merged

4 tasks

Matthew Shapiro added 4 commits December 1, 2023 16:19

Merge branch 'main' into premade_attribute_sets

dbf2c16

Unignore spatial aggregation test as requested

3160dad

Fmt fix

5ad5b7b

Fixed compile errors after merge

c0e9878

cijothomas reviewed Dec 1, 2023

View reviewed changes

TommyCpp reviewed Dec 4, 2023

View reviewed changes

Merge branch 'main' into premade_attribute_sets

c442a1a

Counters and histograms can now have any value that can be converted …

5b2ef1a

…into an attribute set

Matthew Shapiro added 3 commits December 5, 2023 16:08

Added attribute set test coverage

26afa6e

Removed unused from_key_values() function

8417984

Added more value types for better equality checks

9e85ddc

jtescher reviewed Jan 8, 2024

View reviewed changes

Matthew Shapiro added 4 commits January 8, 2024 16:15

Allow owned and borrowed key value iterators to create attribute sets

a37bf5a

Moved AttributeSet reference to opentelemetry root

ae482c3

Added missing docs

440a5bc

Fix doctests pointing to changed module location

a34194d

jtescher approved these changes Jan 13, 2024

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lalitb reviewed Jan 22, 2024

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stress/src/metrics_cached_attrs.rs Show resolved Hide resolved

cijothomas reviewed Jan 23, 2024

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lalitb reviewed Jan 23, 2024

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lalitb approved these changes Jan 23, 2024

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Matthew Shapiro and others added 3 commits January 23, 2024 10:14

Add changelog entry

4d5dcdd

Merge branch 'main' into premade_attribute_sets

0a1899a

Minor nits

892b6f1

cijothomas reviewed Jan 24, 2024

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opentelemetry/CHANGELOG.md Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved

Matthew Shapiro added 2 commits January 24, 2024 14:18

Histogram is backward compatible

d2f7ad0

Gauges are compat, observables are not

a3b1cf4

cijothomas reviewed Jan 24, 2024

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opentelemetry/CHANGELOG.md Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved

Update opentelemetry/CHANGELOG.md

ef330e1

Co-authored-by: Cijo Thomas <[email protected]>

cijothomas approved these changes Jan 24, 2024

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cijothomas merged commit 16fd1ab into open-telemetry:main Jan 24, 2024
12 of 13 checks passed

KallDrexx deleted the premade_attribute_sets branch January 26, 2024 18:49

cijothomas mentioned this pull request Feb 2, 2024

AttributeSet in the OpenTelemetry API #1508

Closed

KallDrexx added a commit to KallDrexx/opentelemetry-rust that referenced this pull request Feb 6, 2024

Revert "Allow precreation of AttributeSets for metrics (open-telemetr…

6c69bbe

…y#1421)" This reverts commit 16fd1ab.

cijothomas pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Feb 6, 2024

Revert "Allow precreation of AttributeSets for metrics (#1421)" (#1512)

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Allow precreation of AttributeSets for metrics #1421

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