Added Span limits support to the tracing SDK

- Added SpanLimits class
- TracerProvider now optionally accepts an instance of SpanLimits which
is passed all the way down to Spans.
- Spans use the limits to created bounded lists or dicts for different
fields.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
   ([#1803](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1803))
 - Added support for OTEL_SERVICE_NAME.
   ([#1829](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1829))
+- Lazily configure Span limits and allow limits limits to be configured via code.
+  ([#1839](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-python/pull/1839))
 
 ### Changed
 - Fixed OTLP gRPC exporter silently failing if scheme is not specified in endpoint.

opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/trace/__init__.py

@@ -58,13 +58,11 @@
 
 logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
-SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT = int(
-    environ.get(OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT, 128)
-)
-
-_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT = int(environ.get(OTEL_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT, 128))
-_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT = int(environ.get(OTEL_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT, 128))
+_DEFAULT_SPAN_EVENTS_LIMIT = 128
+_DEFAULT_SPAN_LINKS_LIMIT = 128
+_DEFAULT_SPAN_ATTRIBUTES_LIMIT = 128
 _VALID_ATTR_VALUE_TYPES = (bool, str, int, float)
+
 # pylint: disable=protected-access
 _TRACE_SAMPLER = sampling._get_from_env_or_default()
 
@@ -564,6 +562,80 @@ def _format_links(links):
         return f_links
 
 
+class SpanLimits:
+    """The limits Spans should enforce on recorded data such as events, links, attributes etc.
+
+    This class does not enforce any limits itself. It only provides an API to set the limits
+    when creating a tracer provider.
+
+    All arguments must either be a non-negative integer or a reference to :attr:`~UNSET`.
+    Setting a limit to `SpanLimits.UNSET` will not set an limits for that data type.
+
+    Args:
+        max_events: Maximum number of events that can be added to a Span.
+        max_links: Maximum number of links that can be added to a Span.
+        max_attributes: Maximum number of attributes that can be added to a Span.
+    """
+
+    UNSET = -1
+
+    max_events: int
+    max_links: int
+    max_attributes: int
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        max_events: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_links: Optional[int] = None,
+        max_attributes: Optional[int] = None,
+    ):
+        self.max_events = SpanLimits._value_or_default(
+            max_events, OTEL_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT, _DEFAULT_SPAN_EVENTS_LIMIT
+        )
+        self.max_links = SpanLimits._value_or_default(
+            max_links, OTEL_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT, _DEFAULT_SPAN_LINKS_LIMIT
+        )
+        self.max_attributes = SpanLimits._value_or_default(
+            max_attributes,
+            OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT,
+            _DEFAULT_SPAN_ATTRIBUTES_LIMIT,
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _value_or_default(
+        cls, value: Optional[int], name: str, default: int
+    ) -> Optional[int]:
+        if value is SpanLimits.UNSET:
+            return None
+
+        if value is not None:
+            if not isinstance(value, int):
+                raise ValueError("SpanLimit value must be an integer")
+            if value < 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "SpanLimit value must be a non-negative number"
+                )
+            return value
+
+        value = environ.get(name, "").strip().lower()
+        if value == "unset":
+            return None
+        if value:
+            return int(value)
+        return default
+
+
+_UnsetSpanLimits = SpanLimits(
+    max_events=SpanLimits.UNSET,
+    max_links=SpanLimits.UNSET,
+    max_attributes=SpanLimits.UNSET,
+)
+
+SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT = SpanLimits._value_or_default(
+    None, OTEL_SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT, _DEFAULT_SPAN_ATTRIBUTES_LIMIT
+)
+
+
 class Span(trace_api.Span, ReadableSpan):
     """See `opentelemetry.trace.Span`.
 
@@ -604,6 +676,7 @@ def __init__(
         links: Sequence[trace_api.Link] = (),
         kind: trace_api.SpanKind = trace_api.SpanKind.INTERNAL,
         span_processor: SpanProcessor = SpanProcessor(),
+        limits: SpanLimits = _UnsetSpanLimits,
         instrumentation_info: InstrumentationInfo = None,
         record_exception: bool = True,
         set_status_on_exception: bool = True,
@@ -621,14 +694,15 @@ def __init__(
         self._record_exception = record_exception
         self._set_status_on_exception = set_status_on_exception
         self._span_processor = span_processor
+        self._limits = limits
         self._lock = threading.Lock()
 
         _filter_attribute_values(attributes)
         if not attributes:
             self._attributes = self._new_attributes()
         else:
             self._attributes = BoundedDict.from_map(
-                SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT, attributes
+                self._limits.max_attributes, attributes
             )
 
         self._events = self._new_events()
@@ -644,24 +718,21 @@ def __init__(
         if links is None:
             self._links = self._new_links()
         else:
-            self._links = BoundedList.from_seq(_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT, links)
+            self._links = BoundedList.from_seq(self._limits.max_links, links)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '{}(name="{}", context={})'.format(
             type(self).__name__, self._name, self._context
         )
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _new_attributes():
-        return BoundedDict(SPAN_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT_LIMIT)
+    def _new_attributes(self):
+        return BoundedDict(self._limits.max_attributes)
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _new_events():
-        return BoundedList(_SPAN_EVENT_COUNT_LIMIT)
+    def _new_events(self):
+        return BoundedList(self._limits.max_events)
 
-    @staticmethod
-    def _new_links():
-        return BoundedList(_SPAN_LINK_COUNT_LIMIT)
+    def _new_links(self):
+        return BoundedList(self._limits.max_links)
 
     def get_span_context(self):
         return self._context
@@ -847,11 +918,13 @@ def __init__(
         ],
         id_generator: IdGenerator,
         instrumentation_info: InstrumentationInfo,
+        span_limits: SpanLimits,
     ) -> None:
         self.sampler = sampler
         self.resource = resource
         self.span_processor = span_processor
         self.id_generator = id_generator
+        self._span_limits = span_limits
         self.instrumentation_info = instrumentation_info
 
     @contextmanager
@@ -954,6 +1027,7 @@ def start_span(  # pylint: disable=too-many-locals
                 instrumentation_info=self.instrumentation_info,
                 record_exception=record_exception,
                 set_status_on_exception=set_status_on_exception,
+                limits=self._span_limits,
             )
             span.start(start_time=start_time, parent_context=context)
         else:
@@ -973,6 +1047,7 @@ def __init__(
             SynchronousMultiSpanProcessor, ConcurrentMultiSpanProcessor
         ] = None,
         id_generator: IdGenerator = None,
+        span_limits=None,
     ):
         self._active_span_processor = (
             active_span_processor or SynchronousMultiSpanProcessor()
@@ -983,6 +1058,7 @@ def __init__(
             self.id_generator = id_generator
         self._resource = resource
         self.sampler = sampler
+        self._span_limits = span_limits or SpanLimits()
         self._atexit_handler = None
         if shutdown_on_exit:
             self._atexit_handler = atexit.register(self.shutdown)
@@ -1007,6 +1083,7 @@ def get_tracer(
             InstrumentationInfo(
                 instrumenting_module_name, instrumenting_library_version
             ),
+            self._span_limits,
         )
 
     def add_span_processor(self, span_processor: SpanProcessor) -> None:

opentelemetry-sdk/src/opentelemetry/sdk/util/__init__.py

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 import threading
 from collections import OrderedDict, deque
 from collections.abc import MutableMapping, Sequence
+from typing import Optional
 
 
 def ns_to_iso_str(nanoseconds):
@@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ class BoundedList(Sequence):
     not enough room.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, maxlen):
+    def __init__(self, maxlen: Optional[int]):
         self.dropped = 0
         self._dq = deque(maxlen=maxlen)  # type: deque
         self._lock = threading.Lock()
@@ -67,21 +68,25 @@ def __iter__(self):
 
     def append(self, item):
         with self._lock:
-            if len(self._dq) == self._dq.maxlen:
+            if (
+                self._dq.maxlen is not None
+                and len(self._dq) == self._dq.maxlen
+            ):
                 self.dropped += 1
             self._dq.append(item)
 
     def extend(self, seq):
         with self._lock:
-            to_drop = len(seq) + len(self._dq) - self._dq.maxlen
-            if to_drop > 0:
-                self.dropped += to_drop
+            if self._dq.maxlen is not None:
+                to_drop = len(seq) + len(self._dq) - self._dq.maxlen
+                if to_drop > 0:
+                    self.dropped += to_drop
             self._dq.extend(seq)
 
     @classmethod
     def from_seq(cls, maxlen, seq):
         seq = tuple(seq)
-        if len(seq) > maxlen:
+        if maxlen is not None and len(seq) > maxlen:
             raise ValueError
         bounded_list = cls(maxlen)
         # pylint: disable=protected-access
@@ -96,11 +101,12 @@ class BoundedDict(MutableMapping):
     added.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, maxlen):
-        if not isinstance(maxlen, int):
-            raise ValueError
-        if maxlen < 0:
-            raise ValueError
+    def __init__(self, maxlen: Optional[int]):
+        if maxlen is not None:
+            if not isinstance(maxlen, int):
+                raise ValueError
+            if maxlen < 0:
+                raise ValueError
         self.maxlen = maxlen
         self.dropped = 0
         self._dict = OrderedDict()  # type: OrderedDict
@@ -116,13 +122,13 @@ def __getitem__(self, key):
 
     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
         with self._lock:
-            if self.maxlen == 0:
+            if self.maxlen is not None and self.maxlen == 0:
                 self.dropped += 1
                 return
 
             if key in self._dict:
                 del self._dict[key]
-            elif len(self._dict) == self.maxlen:
+            elif self.maxlen is not None and len(self._dict) == self.maxlen:
                 del self._dict[next(iter(self._dict.keys()))]
                 self.dropped += 1
             self._dict[key] = value
@@ -140,7 +146,7 @@ def __len__(self):
     @classmethod
     def from_map(cls, maxlen, mapping):
         mapping = OrderedDict(mapping)
-        if len(mapping) > maxlen:
+        if maxlen is not None and len(mapping) > maxlen:
             raise ValueError
         bounded_dict = cls(maxlen)
         # pylint: disable=protected-access

opentelemetry-sdk/tests/test_util.py

@@ -134,6 +134,14 @@ def test_extend_drop(self):
         self.assertEqual(len(blist), list_len)
         self.assertEqual(blist.dropped, len(other_list))
 
+    def test_no_limit(self):
+        blist = BoundedList(maxlen=None)
+        for num in range(100):
+            blist.append(num)
+
+        for num in range(100):
+            self.assertEqual(blist[num], num)
+
 
 class TestBoundedDict(unittest.TestCase):
     base = collections.OrderedDict(
@@ -211,3 +219,11 @@ def test_bounded_dict(self):
 
         with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
             _ = bdict["new-name"]
+
+    def test_no_limit_code(self):
+        bdict = BoundedDict(maxlen=None)
+        for num in range(100):
+            bdict[num] = num
+
+        for num in range(100):
+            self.assertEqual(bdict[num], num)