Refactor MetricReader AggregationTemporality

[reyang]

Follow up #2306 (comment).

The eventual goal:

1. MetricExporter should not own exporting interval, all the exporters should not know the exporting interval.
2. A reader should be able to express both, rather than stick with cumulative or delta, this will be useful for InMemory/Console/OTLP.
3. Simplify the class hierarchy.

Changes

Please provide a brief description of the changes here.

• introduced PreferredAggregationTemporality and SupportedAggregationTemporality to MetricReader
• optimized the enum
• fixed the base dispose ordering
• added null argument check in MeterReader ctor

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2342 (16dab02) into main (e97e50b) will increase coverage by 0.10%.
The diff coverage is 73.91%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2342      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   80.59%   80.70%   +0.10%     
==========================================
  Files         230      230              
  Lines        7309     7319      +10     
==========================================
+ Hits         5891     5907      +16     
+ Misses       1418     1412       -6     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...Telemetry/Metrics/PeriodicExportingMetricReader.cs	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)
src/OpenTelemetry/Metrics/MetricReader.cs	82.75% <76.47%> (-1.86%)	⬇️
...OpenTelemetry/Metrics/BaseExportingMetricReader.cs	88.88% <100.00%> (+0.65%)	⬆️
src/OpenTelemetry/Metrics/MeterProviderSdk.cs	95.06% <100.00%> (ø)
...Telemetry/Internal/SelfDiagnosticsEventListener.cs	97.63% <0.00%> (+0.78%)	⬆️
...Zipkin/Implementation/ZipkinExporterEventSource.cs	72.72% <0.00%> (+9.09%)	⬆️