doc: remove redundant 'Example:' and similar notes

Some nits were also fixed in passing.

PR-URL: #22537
Reviewed-By: Trivikram Kamat <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Ruben Bridgewater <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Rich Trott <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Luigi Pinca <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Sakthipriyan Vairamani <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: James M Snell <[email protected]>

doc/api/assert.md

@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ changes:
 Throws `value` if `value` is not `undefined` or `null`. This is useful when
 testing the `error` argument in callbacks. The stack trace contains all frames
 from the error passed to `ifError()` including the potential new frames for
-`ifError()` itself. See below for an example.
+`ifError()` itself.
 
 ```js
 const assert = require('assert').strict;

doc/api/async_hooks.md

@@ -534,8 +534,6 @@ expensive nature of the [promise introspection API][PromiseHooks] provided by
 V8. This means that programs using promises or `async`/`await` will not get
 correct execution and trigger ids for promise callback contexts by default.
 
-Here's an example:
-
 ```js
 const ah = require('async_hooks');
 Promise.resolve(1729).then(() => {
@@ -551,7 +549,7 @@ the `triggerAsyncId` value is `0`, which means that we are missing context about
 the resource that caused (triggered) the `then()` callback to be executed.
 
 Installing async hooks via `async_hooks.createHook` enables promise execution
-tracking. Example:
+tracking:
 
 ```js
 const ah = require('async_hooks');

doc/api/child_process.md

@@ -642,8 +642,6 @@ pipes between the parent and child. The value is one of the following:
    words, stdin, stdout, and stderr) a pipe is created. For fd 3 and up, the
    default is `'ignore'`.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const { spawn } = require('child_process');
 
@@ -1060,8 +1058,7 @@ See kill(2) for reference.
 
 Also note: on Linux, child processes of child processes will not be terminated
 when attempting to kill their parent. This is likely to happen when running a
-new process in a shell or with use of the `shell` option of `ChildProcess`, such
-as in this example:
+new process in a shell or with use of the `shell` option of `ChildProcess`:
 
 ```js
 'use strict';
@@ -1105,8 +1102,6 @@ added: v0.1.90
 
 Returns the process identifier (PID) of the child process.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const { spawn } = require('child_process');
 const grep = spawn('grep', ['ssh']);

doc/api/cluster.md

@@ -765,8 +765,6 @@ Note that:
 * The defaults above apply to the first call only, the defaults for later
   calls is the current value at the time of `cluster.setupMaster()` is called.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const cluster = require('cluster');
 cluster.setupMaster({

doc/api/crypto.md

@@ -1678,8 +1678,6 @@ added: v0.9.3
 * Returns: {string[]} An array with the names of the supported cipher
   algorithms.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const ciphers = crypto.getCiphers();
 console.log(ciphers); // ['aes-128-cbc', 'aes-128-ccm', ...]
@@ -1691,8 +1689,6 @@ added: v2.3.0
 -->
 * Returns: {string[]} An array with the names of the supported elliptic curves.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const curves = crypto.getCurves();
 console.log(curves); // ['Oakley-EC2N-3', 'Oakley-EC2N-4', ...]
@@ -1711,7 +1707,7 @@ supported groups are: `'modp1'`, `'modp2'`, `'modp5'` (defined in
 `'modp16'`, `'modp17'`, `'modp18'` (defined in [RFC 3526][]). The
 returned object mimics the interface of objects created by
 [`crypto.createDiffieHellman()`][], but will not allow changing
-the keys (with [`diffieHellman.setPublicKey()`][] for example). The
+the keys (with [`diffieHellman.setPublicKey()`][], for example). The
 advantage of using this method is that the parties do not have to
 generate nor exchange a group modulus beforehand, saving both processor
 and communication time.
@@ -1747,8 +1743,6 @@ added: v0.9.3
 * Returns: {string[]} An array of the names of the supported hash algorithms,
   such as `'RSA-SHA256'`.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const hashes = crypto.getHashes();
 console.log(hashes); // ['DSA', 'DSA-SHA', 'DSA-SHA1', ...]
@@ -1797,8 +1791,6 @@ but will take a longer amount of time to complete.
 The `salt` should be as unique as possible. It is recommended that a salt is
 random and at least 16 bytes long. See [NIST SP 800-132][] for details.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const crypto = require('crypto');
 crypto.pbkdf2('secret', 'salt', 100000, 64, 'sha512', (err, derivedKey) => {
@@ -1862,8 +1854,6 @@ but will take a longer amount of time to complete.
 The `salt` should be as unique as possible. It is recommended that a salt is
 random and at least 16 bytes long. See [NIST SP 800-132][] for details.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const crypto = require('crypto');
 const key = crypto.pbkdf2Sync('secret', 'salt', 100000, 64, 'sha512');

doc/api/dgram.md

@@ -552,17 +552,16 @@ chained.
 ### Change to asynchronous `socket.bind()` behavior
 
 As of Node.js v0.10, [`dgram.Socket#bind()`][] changed to an asynchronous
-execution model. Legacy code that assumes synchronous behavior, as in the
-following example:
+execution model. Legacy code would use synchronous behavior:
 
 ```js
 const s = dgram.createSocket('udp4');
 s.bind(1234);
 s.addMembership('224.0.0.114');
 ```
 
-Must be changed to pass a callback function to the [`dgram.Socket#bind()`][]
-function:
+Such legacy code would need to be changed to pass a callback function to the
+[`dgram.Socket#bind()`][] function:
 
 ```js
 const s = dgram.createSocket('udp4');

doc/api/domain.md

@@ -311,8 +311,6 @@ The returned function will be a wrapper around the supplied callback
 function. When the returned function is called, any errors that are
 thrown will be routed to the domain's `'error'` event.
 
-#### Example
-
 ```js
 const d = domain.create();
 
@@ -370,8 +368,6 @@ objects sent as the first argument to the function.
 In this way, the common `if (err) return callback(err);` pattern can be replaced
 with a single error handler in a single place.
 
-#### Example
-
 ```js
 const d = domain.create();
 
@@ -415,8 +411,6 @@ the function.
 
 This is the most basic way to use a domain.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const domain = require('domain');
 const fs = require('fs');

doc/api/errors.md

@@ -1243,8 +1243,7 @@ type for one of its returned object properties on execution.
 ### ERR_INVALID_RETURN_VALUE
 
 Thrown in case a function option does not return an expected value
-type on execution.
-For example when a function is expected to return a promise.
+type on execution, such as when a function is expected to return a promise.
 
 <a id="ERR_INVALID_SYNC_FORK_INPUT"></a>
 ### ERR_INVALID_SYNC_FORK_INPUT
@@ -1258,8 +1257,6 @@ for more information.
 
 A Node.js API function was called with an incompatible `this` value.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const urlSearchParams = new URLSearchParams('foo=bar&baz=new');
 
@@ -1590,7 +1587,6 @@ emitted.
 Prevents an abort if a string decoder was set on the Socket or if the decoder
 is in `objectMode`.
 
-Example
 ```js
 const Socket = require('net').Socket;
 const instance = new Socket();

doc/api/fs.md

@@ -1044,16 +1044,14 @@ changes:
 Asynchronously append data to a file, creating the file if it does not yet
 exist. `data` can be a string or a [`Buffer`][].
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 fs.appendFile('message.txt', 'data to append', (err) => {
   if (err) throw err;
   console.log('The "data to append" was appended to file!');
 });
 ```
 
-If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:
+If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding:
 
 ```js
 fs.appendFile('message.txt', 'data to append', 'utf8', callback);
@@ -1097,8 +1095,6 @@ changes:
 Synchronously append data to a file, creating the file if it does not yet
 exist. `data` can be a string or a [`Buffer`][].
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 try {
   fs.appendFileSync('message.txt', 'data to append');
@@ -1108,7 +1104,7 @@ try {
 }
 ```
 
-If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:
+If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding:
 
 ```js
 fs.appendFileSync('message.txt', 'data to append', 'utf8');
@@ -1344,8 +1340,6 @@ fallback copy mechanism is used.
 create a copy-on-write reflink. If the platform does not support copy-on-write,
 then the operation will fail.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const fs = require('fs');
 
@@ -1356,8 +1350,7 @@ fs.copyFile('source.txt', 'destination.txt', (err) => {
 });
 ```
 
-If the third argument is a number, then it specifies `flags`, as shown in the
-following example.
+If the third argument is a number, then it specifies `flags`:
 
 ```js
 const fs = require('fs');
@@ -1395,8 +1388,6 @@ fallback copy mechanism is used.
 create a copy-on-write reflink. If the platform does not support copy-on-write,
 then the operation will fail.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const fs = require('fs');
 
@@ -1405,8 +1396,7 @@ fs.copyFileSync('source.txt', 'destination.txt');
 console.log('source.txt was copied to destination.txt');
 ```
 
-If the third argument is a number, then it specifies `flags`, as shown in the
-following example.
+If the third argument is a number, then it specifies `flags`:
 
 ```js
 const fs = require('fs');
@@ -1568,7 +1558,7 @@ deprecated: v1.0.0
   * `exists` {boolean}
 
 Test whether or not the given path exists by checking with the file system.
-Then call the `callback` argument with either true or false. Example:
+Then call the `callback` argument with either true or false:
 
 ```js
 fs.exists('/etc/passwd', (exists) => {
@@ -1901,7 +1891,7 @@ fs.ftruncate(fd, 4, (err) => {
 ```
 
 If the file previously was shorter than `len` bytes, it is extended, and the
-extended part is filled with null bytes (`'\0'`). For example,
+extended part is filled with null bytes (`'\0'`):
 
 ```js
 console.log(fs.readFileSync('temp.txt', 'utf8'));
@@ -2505,7 +2495,7 @@ changes:
   * `err` {Error}
   * `data` {string|Buffer}
 
-Asynchronously reads the entire contents of a file. Example:
+Asynchronously reads the entire contents of a file.
 
 ```js
 fs.readFile('/etc/passwd', (err, data) => {
@@ -2519,7 +2509,7 @@ contents of the file.
 
 If no encoding is specified, then the raw buffer is returned.
 
-If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:
+If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding:
 
 ```js
 fs.readFile('/etc/passwd', 'utf8', callback);
@@ -3519,8 +3509,6 @@ Asynchronously writes data to a file, replacing the file if it already exists.
 
 The `encoding` option is ignored if `data` is a buffer.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const data = new Uint8Array(Buffer.from('Hello Node.js'));
 fs.writeFile('message.txt', data, (err) => {
@@ -3529,7 +3517,7 @@ fs.writeFile('message.txt', data, (err) => {
 });
 ```
 
-If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding. Example:
+If `options` is a string, then it specifies the encoding:
 
 ```js
 fs.writeFile('message.txt', 'Hello Node.js', 'utf8', callback);
@@ -3840,7 +3828,7 @@ doTruncate().catch(console.error);
 ```
 
 If the file previously was shorter than `len` bytes, it is extended, and the
-extended part is filled with null bytes (`'\0'`). For example,
+extended part is filled with null bytes (`'\0'`):
 
 ```js
 const fs = require('fs');
@@ -4050,8 +4038,6 @@ fallback copy mechanism is used.
 create a copy-on-write reflink. If the platform does not support copy-on-write,
 then the operation will fail.
 
-Example:
-
 ```js
 const fsPromises = require('fs').promises;
 
@@ -4061,8 +4047,7 @@ fsPromises.copyFile('source.txt', 'destination.txt')
   .catch(() => console.log('The file could not be copied'));
 ```
 
-If the third argument is a number, then it specifies `flags`, as shown in the
-following example.
+If the third argument is a number, then it specifies `flags`:
 
 ```js
 const fs = require('fs');