Make docs search results URL-addressable

This change adds two improvements to docs searching functionality.

First, search results will immediately be displayed when a ?search=searchterm
query string parameter is provided to any docs url.

Second, search results are now inserted into the browser history, allowing for
easier navigation between search results and docs pages.

src/librustdoc/html/static/main.js

@@ -17,6 +17,21 @@
 
     $('.js-only').removeClass('js-only');
 
+    function getQueryStringParams() {
+        var params = {};
+        window.location.search.substring(1).split("&").
+            map(function(s) {
+                var pair = s.split("=");
+                params[decodeURIComponent(pair[0])] =
+                    typeof pair[1] === "undefined" ? null : decodeURIComponent(pair[1]);
+            });
+        return params;
+    }
+
+    function browserSupportsHistoryApi() {
+        return window.history && typeof window.history.pushState === "function";
+    }
+
     function resizeShortBlocks() {
         if (resizeTimeout) {
             clearTimeout(resizeTimeout);
@@ -97,10 +112,10 @@
     });
 
     function initSearch(searchIndex) {
-        var currentResults, index;
+        var currentResults, index, params = getQueryStringParams();
 
-        // clear cached values from the search bar
-        $(".search-input")[0].value = '';
+        // Populate search bar with query string search term when provided.
+        $(".search-input")[0].value = params.search || '';
 
         /**
          * Executes the query and builds an index of results
@@ -418,6 +433,7 @@
                 results = [],
                 maxResults = 200,
                 resultIndex;
+            var params = getQueryStringParams();
 
             query = getQuery();
             if (e) {
@@ -428,6 +444,16 @@
                 return;
             }
 
+            // Because searching is incremental by character, only the most recent search query
+            // is added to the browser history.
+            if (browserSupportsHistoryApi()) {
+                if (!history.state && !params.search) {
+                    history.pushState(query, "", "?search=" + encodeURIComponent(query.query));
+                } else {
+                    history.replaceState(query, "", "?search=" + encodeURIComponent(query.query));
+                }
+            }
+
             resultIndex = execQuery(query, 20000, index);
             len = resultIndex.length;
             for (i = 0; i < len; i += 1) {
@@ -536,6 +562,27 @@
                 clearTimeout(keyUpTimeout);
                 keyUpTimeout = setTimeout(search, 100);
             });
+            // Push and pop states are used to add search results to the browser history.
+            if (browserSupportsHistoryApi()) {
+                $(window).on('popstate', function(e) {
+                    var params = getQueryStringParams();
+                    // When browsing back from search results the main page visibility must be reset.
+                    if (!params.search) {
+                        $('#main.content').removeClass('hidden');
+                        $('#search.content').addClass('hidden');
+                    }
+                    // When browsing forward to search results the previous search will be repeated,
+                    // so the currentResults are cleared to ensure the search is successful.
+                    currentResults = null;
+                    // Synchronize search bar with query string state and perform the search.
+                    $('.search-input').val(params.search);
+                    // Some browsers fire 'onpopstate' for every page load (Chrome), while others fire the
+                    // event only when actually popping a state (Firefox), which is why search() is called
+                    // both here and at the end of the startSearch() function.
+                    search();
+                });
+            }
+            search();
         }
 
         index = buildIndex(searchIndex);