[libraw] Update to 0.21.1, revise dependencies

[dg0yt]

Follow-up from #29605, #29598 by @aklemets (original work included).
Closes #16267.

• Changes comply with the maintainer guide
• SHA512s are updated for each updated download
• The "supports" clause reflects platforms that may be fixed by this new version
• Any fixed CI baseline entries are removed from that file.
• Any patches that are no longer applied are deleted from the port's directory.
• The version database is fixed by rerunning ./vcpkg x-add-version --all and committing the result.
• Only one version is added to each modified port's versions file.

[github-actions]

You have modified or added at least one portfile where deprecated functions are used.

If you feel able to do so, please consider migrating them to the new functions:
vcpkg_install_cmake -> vcpkg_cmake_install (from port vcpkg-cmake)
vcpkg_build_cmake -> vcpkg_cmake_build (from port vcpkg-cmake)
vcpkg_configure_cmake -> vcpkg_cmake_configure (Please remove the option PREFER_NINJA) (from port vcpkg-cmake)
vcpkg_fixup_cmake_targets -> vcpkg_cmake_config_fixup (from port vcpkg-cmake-config)
vcpkg_extract_source_archive_ex -> vcpkg_extract_source_archive
vcpkg_build_msbuild -> vcpkg_install_msbuild
vcpkg_copy_tool_dependencies -> vcpkg_copy_tools
vcpkg_apply_patches should be replaced by the PATCHES arguments to the "extract" helpers (e.g. vcpkg_from_github())

In the ports that use the new function, you have to add the corresponding dependencies:

{
  "name": "vcpkg-cmake",
  "host": true
},
{
  "name": "vcpkg-cmake-config",
  "host": true
}

The following files are affected:

• ports/freeimage/portfile.cmake

You have modified or added at least one vcpkg.json where you should check the license field.

If you feel able to do so, please consider adding a "license" field to the following files:

• ports/libraw/vcpkg.json

Valid values for the license field can be found in the documentation

[github-actions]

You have modified or added at least one vcpkg.json where you should check the license field.

If you feel able to do so, please consider adding a "license" field to the following files:

• ports/libraw/vcpkg.json

Valid values for the license field can be found in the documentation

[Adela0814]

Please add license for libraw, thanks.

[github-actions]

You have modified or added at least one vcpkg.json where you should check the license field.

If you feel able to do so, please consider replacing the deprecated license identifiers in the following files:

• ports/libraw/vcpkg.json (has deprecated license LGPL-2.1)

Deprecated and non deprecated license identifiers can be found here

[dg0yt]

Thanks @aklemets.