[ci] [R-package] upgrade to lintr v3.0 (fixes #5228)

[jameslamb]

Fixes #5228.
Reverts #5290.

{lintr} v3.0.0 was released to CRAN a few days ago (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lintr/index.html). This PR proposes updates to the lint CI job to make LightGBM's CI compatible with that new version.

Changes in this PR

Converts linters to function calls instead of function references (see #5228 (comment) for background).

Replaces some linters to resolve the following warnings.

Warning messages:
1: Linter closed_curly_linter was deprecated in lintr version 3.0.0. Use brace_linter instead.
2: Linter open_curly_linter was deprecated in lintr version 3.0.0. Use brace_linter instead.
3: Linter paren_brace_linter was deprecated in lintr version 3.0.0. Use brace_linter instead.
4: Linter semicolon_terminator_linter was deprecated in lintr version 3.0.0. Use semicolon_linter instead.

Makes minor changes to resolve the following linting errors.

[[1]]
.ci/lint_r_code.R:59:29: warning: [non_portable_path] Use file.path() to construct portable file paths.
            , "dyn.load" = "Directly loading/unloading .dll/.so files in package code should not be necessary."
                            ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

[[2]]
.ci/lint_r_code.R:60:31: warning: [non_portable_path] Use file.path() to construct portable file paths.
            , "dyn.unload" = "Directly loading/unloading .dll/.so files in package code should not be necessary."
                              ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

[[3]]
build_r.R:27:20: warning: [non_portable_path] Use file.path() to construct portable file paths.
    if (any(grepl("^\\-j[0-9]+", arg))) {
                   ^~~~~~~~~~~

Notes for Reviewers

There are some NEW linters available in {lintr} v3.0.0, and maybe this project should consider them. But I decided not to investigate that here, and limit this PR's scope to "get LightGBM's linting job working with the latest {lintr}".

I'd also like to say a special thanks to @MichaelChirico for giving us so much advance warning of this new release via Twitter, and for all the help on #5228 and related conversations here and in https://github.com/r-lib/lintr.

[github-actions]

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