Add argument on app:config:dump to skip dumping all system settings.

app/code/Magento/Deploy/Console/Command/App/ApplicationDumpCommand.php

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 use Magento\Framework\Config\File\ConfigFilePool;
 use Magento\Framework\Console\Cli;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
 
@@ -20,6 +21,8 @@
  */
 class ApplicationDumpCommand extends Command
 {
+    const INPUT_CONFIG_TYPES = 'config-types';
+
     /**
      * @var Writer
      */
@@ -47,10 +50,10 @@ public function __construct(
         array $sources,
         Hash $configHash = null
     ) {
-        parent::__construct();
         $this->writer = $writer;
         $this->sources = $sources;
         $this->configHash = $configHash ?: ObjectManager::getInstance()->get(Hash::class);
+        parent::__construct();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -60,6 +63,13 @@ protected function configure()
     {
         $this->setName('app:config:dump');
         $this->setDescription('Create dump of application');
+
+        $configTypes = array_unique(array_column($this->sources, 'namespace'));
+        $this->addArgument(
+            self::INPUT_CONFIG_TYPES,
+            InputArgument::OPTIONAL | InputArgument::IS_ARRAY,
+            sprintf('Space-separated list of config types or omit to dump all [%s]', implode(', ', $configTypes))
+        );
         parent::configure();
     }
 
@@ -74,11 +84,14 @@ protected function configure()
     protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output)
     {
         $this->groupSourcesByPool();
-
+        $dumpedTypes = [];
         foreach ($this->sources as $pool => $sources) {
             $dump = [];
             $comments = [];
             foreach ($sources as $sourceData) {
+                if ($this->skipDump($input, $sourceData)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
                 /** @var ConfigSourceInterface $source */
                 $source = $sourceData['source'];
                 $namespace = $sourceData['namespace'];
@@ -95,15 +108,21 @@ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output)
                 null,
                 $comments
             );
+            $dumpedTypes = array_unique($dumpedTypes + array_keys($dump));
             if (!empty($comments)) {
                 $output->writeln($comments);
             }
         }
 
+        if (!$dumpedTypes) {
+            $output->writeln('<error>Nothing dumped. Check the config types specified and try again');
+            return Cli::RETURN_FAILURE;
+        }
+
         // Generate and save new hash of deployment configuration.
         $this->configHash->regenerate();
 
-        $output->writeln('<info>Done.</info>');
+        $output->writeln(sprintf('<info>Done. Config types dumped: %s</info>', implode(', ', $dumpedTypes)));
         return Cli::RETURN_SUCCESS;
     }
 
@@ -127,4 +146,20 @@ private function groupSourcesByPool()
 
         $this->sources = $sources;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Check whether the dump source should be skipped
+     *
+     * @param InputInterface $input
+     * @param array $sourceData
+     * @return bool
+     */
+    private function skipDump(InputInterface $input, array $sourceData): bool
+    {
+        $allowedTypes = $input->getArgument(self::INPUT_CONFIG_TYPES);
+        if ($allowedTypes && !in_array($sourceData['namespace'], $allowedTypes)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
 }

app/code/Magento/Deploy/Test/Unit/Console/Command/ApplicationDumpCommandTest.php

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public function testExport()
             ->method('writeln')
             ->withConsecutive(
                 [['system' => 'Some comment message']],
-                ['<info>Done.</info>']
+                ['<info>Done. Config types dumped: system</info>']
             );
 
         $method = new \ReflectionMethod(ApplicationDumpCommand::class, 'execute');

dev/tests/integration/testsuite/Magento/Deploy/Console/Command/App/ApplicationDumpCommandTest.php

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ public function testExecute()
             ->with(['system' => $comment]);
         $outputMock->expects($this->at(1))
             ->method('writeln')
-            ->with('<info>Done.</info>');
+            ->with('<info>Done. Config types dumped: scopes, themes, system, i18n</info>');
 
         /** @var ApplicationDumpCommand command */
         $command = $this->objectManager->create(ApplicationDumpCommand::class);