Bring in littlefs v2.9.0

[geky-bot]

Beep boop, this is an automatic PR to bring in littlefs v2.9.0. My script is running here.

Maintainers should be able to edit this PR if needed.

Release notes

https://github.com/littlefs-project/littlefs/releases/tag/v2.9.0

Changes

	Code	Stack	Structs		Coverage
Default	16972 B (+0.9%)	1432 B (-1.1%)	812 B (+1.5%)	Lines	2387/2566 lines (-0.1%)
Readonly	6186 B (+0.9%)	448 B (+0.0%)	812 B (+1.5%)	Branches	1239/1576 branches (-0.1%)
Threadsafe	17836 B (+0.8%)	1432 B (-1.1%)	820 B (+1.5%)		Benchmarks
Multiversion	17036 B (+0.9%)	1432 B (-1.1%)	816 B (+1.5%)	Readed	29369693876 B (+0.0%)
Migrate	18664 B (+0.8%)	1736 B (-0.9%)	816 B (+1.5%)	Proged	1482874766 B (+0.0%)
Error-asserts	17660 B (+1.0%)	1424 B (-1.1%)	812 B (+1.5%)	Erased	1568888832 B (+0.0%)

42910bc Bumped minor version to v2.9
a70870c Renamed internal functions _raw* -> *
8b8fd14 Added inline_max, to optionally limit the size of inlined files
b5cd957 Extended lfs_fs_gc to compact metadata, compact_thresh
f522ed9 Added tests over rename type errors
4f32738 Fix return value of lfs_rename()
6691718 Restricted LFS_FILE_MAX to signed 32-bits, <2^31, <=2147483647
1fefcbb Rearranged compile-time constant checks to live near lfs_init
6056767 Relaxed alignment requirements for lfs_malloc
897b571 Changed CI to just run on ubuntu-latest
b1b10c0 Relaxed lookahead buffer alignment
1f9c3c0 Reworked the block allocator so the logic is hopefully simpler
7b68441 Renamed a number of internal block-allocator fields
9a620c7 Added LFS_CRC, easier override for lfs_crc
a0c6c54 Added LFS_MALLOC/FREE, easier overrides for lfs_malloc/free
c531a5e Replace erroneous LFS_FILE_MAX upper bound 4294967296 to 4294967295
8f9427d Add value-range checks for user-definable macros