[11.x] Add InteractsWithInput methods to ValidatedInput

[aydinfatih]

We cannot use integer, string, boolean, date etc methods via $request->safe().

When we want to use these methods via $request, it does not guarantee that the data is validated. With this PR, the following methods will be available based on validated data.

Also this PR will not cause a major change.

Example:

$request->safe()->filled('test');
$request->safe()->boolean('test');

Added

• exists: Determine if the validated inputs contains a given input item key.
• hasAny: Determine if the validated inputs contains any of the given inputs.
• whenHas: Apply the callback if the validated inputs contains the given input item key.
• filled: Determine if the validated inputs contains a non-empty value for an input item.
• isNotFilled: Determine if the validated inputs contains an empty value for an input item.
• anyFilled: Determine if the validated inputs contains a non-empty value for any of the given inputs.
• whenFilled: Apply the callback if the validated inputs contains a non-empty value for the given input item key.
• whenMissing: Apply the callback if the validated inputs is missing the given input item key.
• keys: Get the keys for all of the validated input.
• input: Retrieve an input item from the validated inputs.
• str: Retrieve input from the validated inputs as a Stringable instance.
• string: Retrieve input from the validated inputs as a Stringable instance.
• boolean: Retrieve input as a boolean value.
• integer: Retrieve input as an integer value.
• float: Retrieve input as a float value.
• date: Retrieve input from the validated inputs as a Carbon instance.
• enum: Retrieve input from the validated inputs as an enum.
• dd: Dump the validated inputs items and end the script.
• dump: Dump the items.

Changed

• Add $key prop to collect method in ValidatedInput

[NickSdot]

@taylorotwell I know the author of #51302 still has the PR in draft. But since this here got merged it's perhaps worth to have a look before release?

Would a centralised api make sense?

@bert-w anything missing to get your PR out of draft to be reviewed?