Write out DC line data to dict (#111)

* Add Matpower compatible DC line extension * Adding file for AC-DC Power flow model * Add DC arcs and buspairs to base.jl * Consistent pmin, pmax formulation, form the to and from side of the lines * Further improve support for DC lines * Bugfix/rewrite for negative PMIN values in a Matpower case * Finalized testing of DC Line implementation * Updated opf and pf tests and validated active DC lines cases against Matpower * Warning that DC line costs are not supported * add case3_dc.m, case5_dc.m * Avoiding infinite bounds on pmin and pmax for DC lines * Avoiding negative losses, by checking input data, overwriting bad values and throwing warnings * Update of documentation * Updated description of keys in pm.ref
lanl-ansi · Jul 29, 2017 · 7843133 · 7843133
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diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-PowerModels.jl Change Log 
+PowerModels.jl Change Log
 =================
 
 ### Staged
@@ -7,16 +7,17 @@ PowerModels.jl Change Log
 - Fixed bug in constants for w-space phase angle difference constraints
 - Fixed bug when no refrence bus was specified
 - Fixed dcline parsing bug
+- Support for DC Line formulation compatible with matpower
 
 ### v0.3.3
 - Added JuMP v0.17 compatibility
-- Reorganized documentation into Manual, Library, Developer, and Experimental Results 
+- Reorganized documentation into Manual, Library, Developer, and Experimental Results
 
 ### v0.3.2
 - Updated type declarations to Julia v0.6 syntax
 - Moved documentation to Documenter.jl (thanks to @yeesian)
 - Added basic OPF results to Documentation
-- Extended pm.ref include all fields from pm.data 
+- Extended pm.ref include all fields from pm.data
 
 ### v0.3.1
 - Added JuMP v0.16 and Julia v0.6 compatibility
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ PowerModels.jl Change Log
   - Added support Matlab cell arrays
   - Added support for Matpower bus_names
   - Added ability for reading non-standard Matpower data elements
-- Added JuMP version v0.14 upper bound 
+- Added JuMP version v0.14 upper bound
 
 ### v0.2.2
 - Added Transmission Network Expansion Planning (tnep) problem.

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# PowerModels.jl 
+# PowerModels.jl
 
-Release: [![PowerModels](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/PowerModels_0.4.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=PowerModels), [![PowerModels](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/PowerModels_0.5.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=PowerModels), [![PowerModels](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/PowerModels_0.6.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=PowerModels), 
+Release: [![PowerModels](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/PowerModels_0.4.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=PowerModels), [![PowerModels](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/PowerModels_0.5.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=PowerModels), [![PowerModels](http://pkg.julialang.org/badges/PowerModels_0.6.svg)](http://pkg.julialang.org/?pkg=PowerModels),
 [![](https://img.shields.io/badge/docs-stable-blue.svg)](https://lanl-ansi.github.io/PowerModels.jl/stable)
 
 Dev:
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ The primary developer is Carleton Coffrin, with significant contributions from R
 
 Special thanks to Miles Lubin for his assistance in integrating with Julia/JuMP.
 
+Frederik Geth and Hakan Ergun (both KU Leuven) contributed to the Matpower-compatible DC Line formulation.
 
 ## License
 

diff --git a/docs/src/constraints.md b/docs/src/constraints.md
@@ -84,6 +84,13 @@ constraint_phase_angle_difference_ne
 constraint_loss_lb
 ```
 
+## DC Line Constraints
+### Network Flow Constraints
+
+```@docs
+constraint_dcline
+```
+
 ## Commonly Used Constraints
 The following methods generally assume that the model contains `p` and `q` values for branches line flows and bus flow conservation.
 

diff --git a/docs/src/network-data.md b/docs/src/network-data.md
@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@ The data exchange via JSON files is ideal for building algorithms, however it is
 
 In addition to parsing the standard Matpower parameters, PowerModels also supports extending the standard Matpower format in a number of ways as illustrated by the following examples.  In these examples JSON document fragments are used to indicate the structure of the PowerModel dictionary.
 
+Note that for DC lines, the flow results are returned using the same convention as for the AC lines, i.e. positive values for `p_from`/`q_from `and `p_to`/`q_to` indicating power flow from the 'to' node or 'from' node into the line. This means that w.r.t matpower the sign is identical for `p_from`, but opposite for `q_from`/`p_to`/`q_to`.
+
 ### Single Values
 Single values are added to the root of the dictionary as follows,
 

diff --git a/docs/src/quickguide.md b/docs/src/quickguide.md
@@ -73,6 +73,21 @@ run_opf(network_data, ACPPowerModel, IpoptSolver())
 
 For additional details about the network data, see the [PowerModels Network Data Format](@ref) section.
 
+## Inspecting AC and DC branch flow results
+The flow AC and DC branch results are not written to the result by default. To inspect the flow results, pass a settings Dict
+```julia
+result = run_opf("nesta_case3_dc.m", ACPPowerModel, IpoptSolver(), setting = Dict("output" => Dict("line_flows" => true)))
+result["solution"]["dcline"]["1"]
+result["solution"]["branch"]["2"]
+```
+
+The losses of a AC or DC branch can be derived:
+```julia
+loss_ac =  Dict(name => data["p_to"]+data["p_from"] for (name, data) in result["solution"]["branch"])
+loss_dc =  Dict(name => data["p_to"]+data["p_from"] for (name, data) in result["solution"]["dcline"])
+```
+
+
 ## Inspecting the Formulation
 The following example demonstrates how to break a `run_opf` call into seperate model building and solving steps.  This allows inspection of the JuMP model created by PowerModels for the AC-OPF problem,
 

diff --git a/docs/src/specifications.md b/docs/src/specifications.md
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ variable_voltage(pm)
 variable_active_generation(pm)
 variable_reactive_generation(pm)
 variable_line_flow(pm)
+variable_dcline_flow(pm)
 ```
 
 ### Constraints
@@ -31,6 +32,9 @@ for (i,branch) in pm.ref[:branch]
     constraint_thermal_limit_from(pm, branch)
     constraint_thermal_limit_to(pm, branch)
 end
+for (i,dcline) in pm.ref[:dcline]
+    constraint_dcline(pm, dcline)
+end
 ```
 
 ## Optimal Transmission Switching (OTS)
@@ -48,6 +52,7 @@ variable_voltage_on_off(pm)
 variable_active_generation(pm)
 variable_reactive_generation(pm)
 variable_line_flow(pm)
+variable_dcline_flow(pm)
 ```
 
 ### Objective
@@ -73,6 +78,9 @@ for (i,branch) in pm.ref[:branch]
     constraint_thermal_limit_from_on_off(pm, branch)
     constraint_thermal_limit_to_on_off(pm, branch)
 end
+for (i,dcline) in pm.ref[:dcline]
+    constraint_dcline(pm, dcline)
+end
 ```
 
 ## Power Flow (PF)
@@ -85,6 +93,7 @@ variable_voltage(pm, bounded = false)
 variable_active_generation(pm, bounded = false)
 variable_reactive_generation(pm, bounded = false)
 variable_line_flow(pm, bounded = false)
+variable_dcline_flow(pm, bounded = false)
 ```
 
 ### Constraints
@@ -93,6 +102,7 @@ constraint_theta_ref(pm)
 constraint_voltage_magnitude_setpoint(pm, pm.ref[:bus][pm.ref[:ref_bus]])
 constraint_voltage(pm)
 
+
 for (i,bus) in pm.ref[:bus]
     constraint_kcl_shunt(pm, bus)
 
@@ -113,6 +123,10 @@ for (i,branch) in pm.ref[:branch]
     constraint_ohms_yt_from(pm, branch)
     constraint_ohms_yt_to(pm, branch)
 end
+for (i,dcline) in pm.ref[:dcline]
+    constraint_active_dc_line_setpoint(pm, dcline)
+    constraint_dcline_voltage(pm, dcline; epsilon = 0.00001)
+end
 ```
 
 ## Transmission Network Expansion Planning (TNEP)
@@ -124,12 +138,13 @@ objective_tnep_cost(pm)
 
 ### Variables
 ```julia
-variable_line_ne(pm) 
+variable_line_ne(pm)
 variable_voltage(pm)
 variable_voltage_ne(pm)
 variable_active_generation(pm)
 variable_reactive_generation(pm)
 variable_line_flow(pm)
+variable_dcline_flow(pm)
 variable_line_flow_ne(pm)
 ```
 
@@ -151,15 +166,18 @@ for (i,branch) in pm.ref[:branch]
 
     constraint_thermal_limit_from(pm, branch)
     constraint_thermal_limit_to(pm, branch)
-end 
+end
 
 for (i,branch) in pm.ref[:ne_branch]
     constraint_ohms_yt_from_ne(pm, branch)
-    constraint_ohms_yt_to_ne(pm, branch) 
+    constraint_ohms_yt_to_ne(pm, branch)
 
     constraint_phase_angle_difference_ne(pm, branch)
 
     constraint_thermal_limit_from_ne(pm, branch)
     constraint_thermal_limit_to_ne(pm, branch)
 end
+for (i,dcline) in pm.ref[:dcline]
+    constraint_dcline(pm, dcline)
+end
 ```
diff --git a/src/core/base.jl b/src/core/base.jl
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ export
 ```
 type GenericPowerModel{T<:AbstractPowerFormulation}
     model::JuMP.Model
-    data::Dict{String,Any} 
+    data::Dict{String,Any}
     setting::Dict{String,Any}
     solution::Dict{String,Any}
     ref::Dict{Symbol,Any} # reference data
@@ -150,8 +150,13 @@ Some of the common keys include:
 * `:arcs_to` -- the set `[(i,b["t_bus"],b["f_bus"]) for (i,b) in ref[:branch]]`,
 * `:arcs` -- the set of arcs from both `arcs_from` and `arcs_to`,
 * `:bus_arcs` -- the mapping `Dict(i => [(l,i,j) for (l,i,j) in ref[:arcs]])`,
-* `:buspairs` -- (see `buspair_parameters(ref[:arcs_from], ref[:branch], ref[:bus])`), and
+* `:buspairs` -- (see `buspair_parameters(ref[:arcs_from], ref[:branch], ref[:bus])`),
 * `:bus_gens` -- the mapping `Dict(i => [gen["gen_bus"] for (i,gen) in ref[:gen]])`.
+* `:arcs_from_dc` -- the set `[(i,b["f_bus"],b["t_bus"]) for (i,b) in ref[:dcline]]`,
+* `:arcs_to_dc` -- the set `[(i,b["t_bus"],b["f_bus"]) for (i,b) in ref[:dcline]]`,
+* `:arcs_dc` -- the set of arcs from both `arcs_from_dc` and `arcs_to_dc`,
+* `:bus_arcs_dc` -- the mapping `Dict(i => [(l,i,j) for (l,i,j) in ref[:arcs_dc]])`, and
+* `:buspairs_dc` -- (see `buspair_parameters(ref[:arcs_from_dc], ref[:dcline], ref[:bus])`),
 
 If `:ne_branch` exists, then the following keys are also available with similar semantics:
 
@@ -176,11 +181,16 @@ function build_ref(data::Dict{String,Any})
     ref[:bus] = filter((i, bus) -> bus["bus_type"] != 4, ref[:bus])
     ref[:gen] = filter((i, gen) -> gen["gen_status"] == 1 && gen["gen_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]), ref[:gen])
     ref[:branch] = filter((i, branch) -> branch["br_status"] == 1 && branch["f_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]) && branch["t_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]), ref[:branch])
+    ref[:dcline] = filter((i, dcline) -> dcline["br_status"] == 1 && dcline["f_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]) && dcline["t_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]), ref[:dcline])
 
     ref[:arcs_from] = [(i,branch["f_bus"],branch["t_bus"]) for (i,branch) in ref[:branch]]
     ref[:arcs_to]   = [(i,branch["t_bus"],branch["f_bus"]) for (i,branch) in ref[:branch]]
     ref[:arcs] = [ref[:arcs_from]; ref[:arcs_to]]
 
+    ref[:arcs_from_dc] = [(i,dcline["f_bus"],dcline["t_bus"]) for (i,dcline) in ref[:dcline]]
+    ref[:arcs_to_dc]   = [(i,dcline["t_bus"],dcline["f_bus"]) for (i,dcline) in ref[:dcline]]
+    ref[:arcs_dc] = [ref[:arcs_from_dc]; ref[:arcs_to_dc]]
+
     bus_gens = Dict([(i, []) for (i,bus) in ref[:bus]])
     for (i,gen) in ref[:gen]
         push!(bus_gens[gen["gen_bus"]], i)
@@ -193,6 +203,11 @@ function build_ref(data::Dict{String,Any})
     end
     ref[:bus_arcs] = bus_arcs
 
+    bus_arcs_dc = Dict([(i, []) for (i,bus) in ref[:bus]])
+    for (l,i,j) in ref[:arcs_dc]
+        push!(bus_arcs_dc[i], (l,i,j))
+    end
+    ref[:bus_arcs_dc] = bus_arcs_dc
 
     # a set of buses to support multiple connected components
     ref_buses = Dict()
@@ -217,6 +232,11 @@ function build_ref(data::Dict{String,Any})
 
 
     ref[:buspairs] = buspair_parameters(ref[:arcs_from], ref[:branch], ref[:bus])
+    ############################ DC LINES##########################################
+    if haskey(ref, :dcline)
+        ref[:buspairs_dc] = buspair_parameters_dc(ref[:arcs_from_dc], ref[:dcline], ref[:bus])
+    end
+    ###############################################################################
 
     if haskey(ref, :ne_branch)
         ref[:ne_branch] = filter((i, branch) -> branch["br_status"] == 1 && branch["f_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]) && branch["t_bus"] in keys(ref[:bus]), ref[:ne_branch])
@@ -284,3 +304,43 @@ function buspair_parameters(arcs_from, branches, buses)
 
     return buspairs
 end
+
+"compute bus pair level structures for DC"
+function buspair_parameters_dc(arcs_from_dc, dclines, buses)
+    buspair_indexes = collect(Set([(i,j) for (l,i,j) in arcs_from_dc]))
+
+    bp_angmin = Dict([(bp, -Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+    bp_angmax = Dict([(bp, Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+    bp_line = Dict([(bp, Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+    pmint = Dict([(bp, Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+    pminf = Dict([(bp, Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+    pmaxt = Dict([(bp, Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+    pmaxf = Dict([(bp, Inf) for bp in buspair_indexes])
+
+    for (l,dcline) in dclines
+        i = dcline["f_bus"]
+        j = dcline["t_bus"]
+
+        bp_line[(i,j)] = min(bp_line[(i,j)], l)
+    end
+
+    buspairs_dc = Dict([((i,j), Dict(
+        "line"=>bp_line[(i,j)],
+        "pminf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["pminf"],
+        "pmaxf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["pmaxf"],
+        "pmint"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["pmint"],
+        "pmaxt"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["pmaxt"],
+        "qminf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["qminf"],
+        "qmaxf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["qmaxf"],
+        "qmint"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["qmint"],
+        "qmaxt"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["qmaxt"],
+        "pf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["pf"],
+        "pt"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["pt"],
+        "qf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["qf"],
+        "qt"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["qt"],
+        "vf"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["vf"],
+        "vt"=>dclines[bp_line[(i,j)]]["vt"]
+        )) for (i,j) in buspair_indexes])
+
+    return buspairs_dc
+end
diff --git a/src/core/constraint.jl b/src/core/constraint.jl
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ###############################################################################
 # This file defines commonly used constraints for power flow models
-# These constraints generally assume that the model contains p and q values 
+# These constraints generally assume that the model contains p and q values
 # for branches line flows and bus flow conservation
 ###############################################################################
 
@@ -88,3 +88,22 @@ function constraint_reactive_gen_setpoint(pm::GenericPowerModel, i, qg)
     c = @constraint(pm.model, qg_var == qg)
     return Set([c])
 end
+
+"`pf[i] == pf, pt[i] == pt`"
+function constraint_active_dcline_setpoint(pm::GenericPowerModel, i, f_idx, t_idx, pf, pt, epsilon)
+    p_fr = getindex(pm.model, :p_dc)[f_idx]
+    p_to = getindex(pm.model, :p_dc)[t_idx]
+
+    if epsilon == 0.0
+        c1 = @constraint(pm.model, p_fr == pf)
+        c2 = @constraint(pm.model, p_to == pt)
+        return Set([c1,c2])
+    else
+        c1 = @constraint(pm.model, p_fr >= pf - epsilon)
+        c2 = @constraint(pm.model, p_to >= pt - epsilon)
+        c3 = @constraint(pm.model, p_fr <= pf + epsilon)
+        c4 = @constraint(pm.model, p_to <= pt + epsilon)
+        return Set([c1,c2,c3,c4])
+    end
+
+end