added more answers to ex22.rb

ex12_1.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'open-uri'
+
+open("http://www.ruby-lang.org/en") do |f|
+#    f.each_line {|line| p line}
+    puts f.base_uri         # <URI::HTTP:0x40e6ef2 URL:http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/>
+    puts f.content_type     # "text/html:
+    puts f.charset          # "iso-885901"
+    puts f.content_encoding # []
+    puts f.last_modified    # Thu Dec 05 02:45:02 UTC 2002
+end

ex22.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+puts
+prints a line of text
+followed by a new line
+
+" "
+double quote
+make a string by surrounding something with quotes
+
+,
+comma
+apparently this separates a string from something else such as a math operation
+
+#
+comment
+anything after one of these will be ignored by ruby
+
++
+add
+
+/
+divide
+
+%
+percent
+gets the percent of something 10 % 100 is 10
+
+< >
+less than, greater than
+
+<= >=
+less than or equal to, greater than or equal to
+
+=
+equals
+assign a variable to something
+
+#{}
+embed a variable in a string like this "this is a string and a #{variable}
+
+%s
+format string
+embed a variable in a string like this "this is a string and a %s" % variable
+
+' '
+single quote
+make a string by surrounding something with quotes
+
+puts "." * 10 # put something 10 times
+
+print
+similar to puts, prints something, but doesn't end with a newline
+
+[ ]
+square brackets
+used with format strings like % [my_eyes, my_hair]
+
+,
+comma
+this separates arguments such as [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+\
+escape character
+allows you to use a special character as if it's not special, as its normal non special self
+
+<<
+multi-line string
+allows you to for instance puts a long string
+
+()
+parentheses
+you can pass arguments into functions within these parentheses like new_function(argument1, argument2)
+
+ARGV
+the argument variable
+all caps because it's a constant
+can't change it once it's assigned
+the arguments you provide when you run your ruby script are assigned to this variable ARGV
+
+STDIN
+standard input
+
+gets
+reads the next line from the IO stream
+
+chomp()
+by default removes carriage return characters
+removes the given record separator
+
+ARGV.first
+the first argument that was passed into the script when the script was run
+
+File.open(filename)
+returns the value of the block?
+this opens a file and assigns it some special code
+
+txt.read()
+read whatever's in txt
+
+$0
+variable which is assigned the name of the script
+
+CTRL-C
+abort
+
+