[release-1.7] 🌱 Support MachinePools without MachinePoolMachines in clusterctl upgrade test

[willie-yao]

What this PR does / why we need it:
This PR is a manual cherry-pick of #10498 and #10584

Which issue(s) this PR fixes (optional, in fixes #<issue number>(, fixes #<issue_number>, ...) format, will close the issue(s) when PR gets merged):
Fixes #

/area testing

[willie-yao]

/test pull-cluster-api-e2e-release-1.7

[k8s-ci-robot]

@willie-yao: The specified target(s) for /test were not found.
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• /test pull-cluster-api-e2e-conformance-release-1-7
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/test pull-cluster-api-e2e-release-1.7

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[willie-yao]

/test pull-cluster-api-e2e-release-1-7

[willie-yao]

/retest

[willie-yao]

/retest

[willie-yao]

/assign @sbueringer

[sbueringer]

/lgtm
/approve

[k8s-ci-robot]

LGTM label has been added.

Git tree hash: e2a1409839db116ca9f4609f8925c6b99f98d237

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: sbueringer

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