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kuadrat committed Dec 14, 2023
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Expand Up @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ authors:
equal-contrib: true
affiliation: 1
affiliations:
- name: Agroscope, Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research, Switzerland
- name: Agroscope, Climate and Agriculture Group, Reckenholzstrasse 191, CH-8046 Zürich, Switzerland
index: 1
date: 13 December 2023
bibliography: paper.bib
Expand All @@ -30,33 +30,32 @@ Grasslands constitute one of Earth's most widespread terrestrial ecosystems
[@zhao2020GrasslandEcosystemServices] and managed grasslands are a core
element in global agriculture, providing roughly half the feed inputs for
global livestock systems [@herrero2013BiomassUseProduction].
Beside their importance for global food production, they provide a catalogue
Beside their contribution to global food production, they provide a catalogue
of other ecosystem services, such as water flow and erosion regulation,
pollination service, carbon sequestration and climate regulation
[@zhao2020GrasslandEcosystemServices].
The latter two examples have radically grown in urgency in light of
anthropogenic climate change [@IPCC2022Chapter05].
The latter have become particularly important in light of anthropogenic
climate change [@IPCC2022Chapter05].

There is thus ample motivation to study the properties and dynamics of
grasslands.
Mathematical models offer an efficient pathway to investigating grassland
dynamics.
Mathematical models are widely used to assess climate change impacts on
grassland functioning.
Additionally, such models can be employed in agricultural and political
decision support systems, see e.g. [GrazPlan](https://grazplan.csiro.au/)
decision support, see e.g. [GrazPlan](https://grazplan.csiro.au/)
[@moore1997GRAZPLANDecisionSupport].
Simulatory approaches have therefore found widespread application, with
dozens of models being formulated, employed and further developed.
Dozens of models have been formulated and tested in recent decades.
Each of these models has been created with different applications in mind
and thus comes with its own focal points and a set of advantages and
disadvantages.
To give just a few examples:

- The [Hurley Pasture Model](https://sites.massey.ac.nz/hurleypasturemodel/hurley-pasture-model/)[@thornley1998GrasslandDynamicsEcosystem]
is a rather complete and detailed mechanistic model for managed pastures.
- [BASGRA](https://github.com/davcam/BASGRA/) [@hoglind2020BASGRAModelGrassland]
is a detailed mechanistic model for managed pastures.
- [BASGRA](https://github.com/davcam/BASGRA/) [@vanoijen2015BASGRA_2014]
and its descendant [BASGRA_N](https://github.com/MarcelVanOijen/BASGRA_N)
[@vanoijen2015BASGRA_2014] are multi-year grassland models which
prominently include tiller dynamics.
[@hoglind2020BASGRAModelGrassland] are multi-year grassland models which
include tiller dynamics.
- PROGRASS [@lazzarotto2009DynamicsGrassClover] was developed to capture the
interactions in grass/clover mixtures.
- The focus of PaSim [@graux2011DevelopmentPastureSimulation] is the
Expand All @@ -65,17 +64,17 @@ To give just a few examples:
that is designed to capture the dominant processes with a minimum of
required input parameters.
- The Moorepark St Gilles [@ruelle2018DevelopmentMooreparkSt] and
Gras-sim [@kokah2023ModelingDailyDynamics] models both extend
ModVege by adding more processes, addressing some of ModVege's shortcomings
but introducing more complexity.

The different existing grassland models vary in their formulation, but also
in the manner in which they are implemented and distributed, ranging from
sets of zipped script files being shared bilaterally among researchers to
professionally developed and maintained (open or closed) software suites.
Gras-sim [@kokah2023ModelingDailyDynamics] models both extend ModVege in
terms of soil water and nitrogen dynamics and management.

The existing grassland models vary not only in their formulation and
structural complexity, but also in the manner in which they are implemented
and distributed, ranging from sets of zipped script files being shared
bilaterally among researchers to professionally developed and maintained
(open or closed) software suites.
With this large variability in implemented models, version control,
transparency and clear traceability of employed model implementations becomes
critical for the reproduction of scientific results.
challenging, which is detrimental for the reproduction of scientific results.

This paper describes the software package `growR`.
`growR` is an implementation of the vegetation model
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -130,9 +129,8 @@ These additions include:
[@kruijt2008EffectsRisingAtmospheric] and photosynthetic rates
[@soltani2012ModelingPhysiologyCrop; @kellner2017CoupledHydrologicalplantGrowth]
of plants can be modified by the atmospheric CO~2~ concentration.
- The multicriterial thermal definition as described in Chapter 2.3.1.3 of
@schaumberger2011RaeumlicheModelleZur is used in order to determine the
start of the growing season.
- Use of the multicriterial thermal definition of the growing season, as
proposed by @schaumberger2011RaeumlicheModelleZur.
- All model parameters default to the values provided by
@jouven2006ModelPredictingDynamics, but are accessible to adjustments by
the user.
Expand Down

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