AsyncUDP_Teensy41 Library

Why do we need this AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library
Changelog
Prerequisites
Installation
Packages' Patches
- 1. For Teensy boards
HOWTO Fix Multiple Definitions Linker Error
HOWTO Setting up the Async UDP Client
Examples
Example AsyncUdpNTPClient
- 1. File AsyncUdpNTPClient.ino
- 2. File defines.h
Debug Terminal Output Samples
- 1. AsyncUdpNTPClient on TEENSY 4.1
- 2. AsyncUDPSendReceive on TEENSY 4.1
Debug
Troubleshooting
Issues
TO DO
DONE
Contributions and Thanks
Contributing
License
Copyright

Why do we need this AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library

Features

This AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library is a fully asynchronous UDP library, designed for a trouble-free, multi-connection network environment, for Teensy 4.1 using QNEthernet Library. The library is easy to use and includes support for Unicast, Broadcast and Multicast environments.

This library is based on, modified from:

Hristo Gochkov's ESPAsyncUDP

to apply the better and faster asynchronous feature of the powerful ESPAsyncUDP Library into Teensy 4.1 using QNEthernet Library.

Why Async is better

Using asynchronous network means that you can handle more than one connection at the same time
You are called once the request is ready and parsed
When you send the response, you are immediately ready to handle other connections while the server is taking care of sending the response in the background
Speed is OMG
After connecting to a UDP server as an Async Client, you are immediately ready to handle other connections while the Client is taking care of receiving the UDP responding packets in the background.
You are not required to check in a tight loop() the arrival of the UDP responding packets to process them.

Currently Supported Boards

Teensy 4.1 using QNEthernet Library

Prerequisites

Arduino IDE 1.8.19+ for Arduino.
Teensy core v1.57+ for Teensy 4.1
QNEthernet Library version v0.16.0+ for Teensy 4.1 built-in Ethernet.

Installation

The suggested way to install is to:

Use Arduino Library Manager

The best way is to use Arduino Library Manager. Search for AsyncUDP_Teensy41, then select / install the latest version. You can also use this link for more detailed instructions.

Manual Install

Navigate to AsyncUDP_Teensy41 page.
Download the latest release AsyncUDP_Teensy41-main.zip.
Extract the zip file to AsyncUDP_Teensy41-main directory
Copy the whole AsyncUDP_Teensy41-main folder to Arduino libraries' directory such as ~/Arduino/libraries/.

VS Code & PlatformIO:

Install VS Code
Install PlatformIO
Install AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library by using Library Manager. Search for AsyncUDP_Teensy41 in Platform.io Author's Libraries
Use included platformio.ini file from examples to ensure that all dependent libraries will installed automatically. Please visit documentation for the other options and examples at Project Configuration File

Packages' Patches

1. For Teensy boards

To be able to compile and run on Teensy boards, you have to copy the files in Packages_Patches for Teensy directory into Teensy hardware directory (./arduino-1.8.19/hardware/teensy/avr/boards.txt).

Supposing the Arduino version is 1.8.19. These files must be copied into the directory:

./arduino-1.8.19/hardware/teensy/avr/boards.txt
./arduino-1.8.19/hardware/teensy/avr/cores/teensy/Stream.h
./arduino-1.8.19/hardware/teensy/avr/cores/teensy3/Stream.h
./arduino-1.8.19/hardware/teensy/avr/cores/teensy4/Stream.h

Whenever a new version is installed, remember to copy this file into the new version directory. For example, new version is x.yy.zz These files must be copied into the directory:

./arduino-x.yy.zz/hardware/teensy/avr/boards.txt
./arduino-x.yy.zz/hardware/teensy/avr/cores/teensy/Stream.h
./arduino-x.yy.zz/hardware/teensy/avr/cores/teensy3/Stream.h
./arduino-x.yy.zz/hardware/teensy/avr/cores/teensy4/Stream.h

HOWTO Fix `Multiple Definitions` Linker Error

The current library implementation, using xyz-Impl.h instead of standard xyz.cpp, possibly creates certain Multiple Definitions Linker error in certain use cases.

You can include this .hpp file

// Can be included as many times as necessary, without `Multiple Definitions` Linker Error
#include "AsyncUDP_Teensy41.hpp"         //https://github.com/khoih-prog/AsyncUDP_Teensy41

in many files. But be sure to use the following .h file in just 1 .h, .cpp or .ino file, which must not be included in any other file, to avoid Multiple Definitions Linker Error

// To be included only in main(), .ino with setup() to avoid `Multiple Definitions` Linker Error
#include "AsyncUDP_Teensy41.h"           //https://github.com/khoih-prog/AsyncUDP_Teensy41

Check the new multiFileProject example for a HOWTO demo.

Have a look at the discussion in Different behaviour using the src_cpp or src_h lib #80

HOWTO Setting up the Async UDP Client

#include <AsyncUDP_Teensy41.h>

IPAddress timeWindowsCom = IPAddress(13, 86, 101, 172);

#define NTP_REQUEST_PORT      123

const int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;       // NTP timestamp is in the first 48 bytes of the message

byte packetBuffer[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];   // buffer to hold incoming and outgoing packets

// A UDP instance to let us send and receive packets over UDP
AsyncUDP Udp;

// send an NTP request to the time server at the given address
void createNTPpacket(void)
{
  ...
}

void sendNTPPacket(void)
{
  createNTPpacket();
  //Send unicast
  Udp.write(packetBuffer, sizeof(packetBuffer));
}

void parsePacket(AsyncUDPPacket packet)
{
  ...
}

void setup()
{
  ...
  
  //NTP requests are to port NTP_REQUEST_PORT = 123
  if (Udp.connect(timeWindowsCom, NTP_REQUEST_PORT))
  {
    // Setting up Async packet Handler
    Udp.onPacket([](AsyncUDPPacket packet)
    {
      parsePacket(packet);
    });
  }
}

void loop()
{
  sendNTPPacket();

  // wait 60 seconds before asking for the time again
  delay(60000);
}

Examples

Example AsyncUdpNTPClient

1. File AsyncUdpNTPClient.ino

AsyncUDP_Teensy41/examples/AsyncUdpNTPClient/AsyncUdpNTPClient.ino

Lines 12 to 204 in f775e61

    
           #include "defines.h" 
        
           #include <time.h> 
        
           #include <Ticker.h>                   // https://github.com/sstaub/Ticker 
        
           // 0.ca.pool.ntp.org 
        
           IPAddress timeServerIP = IPAddress(208, 81, 1, 244); 
        
           // time.nist.gov 
        
           //IPAddress timeServerIP = IPAddress(132, 163, 96, 1); 
        
           #define NTP_REQUEST_PORT      123 
        
           //char timeServer[] = "time.nist.gov";  // NTP server 
        
           char timeServer[] = "0.ca.pool.ntp.org"; 
        
           const int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48;       // NTP timestamp is in the first 48 bytes of the message 
        
           byte packetBuffer[NTP_PACKET_SIZE];   // buffer to hold incoming and outgoing packets 
        
           // A UDP instance to let us send and receive packets over UDP 
        
           AsyncUDP Udp; 
        
           // 600s = 10 minutes to not flooding, 60s in testing 
        
           #define UDP_REQUEST_INTERVAL_MS     60000  //600000 
        
           void sendNTPPacket(); 
        
           // Repeat forever, millis() resolution 
        
           Ticker sendUDPRequest(sendNTPPacket, UDP_REQUEST_INTERVAL_MS, 0, MILLIS); 
        
           // send an NTP request to the time server at the given address 
        
           void createNTPpacket(void) 
        
           { 
        
             Serial.println("============= createNTPpacket ============="); 
        
             // set all bytes in the buffer to 0 
        
             memset(packetBuffer, 0, NTP_PACKET_SIZE); 
        
             // Initialize values needed to form NTP request 
        
             // (see URL above for details on the packets) 
        
             packetBuffer[0]   = 0b11100011;   // LI, Version, Mode 
        
             packetBuffer[1]   = 0;     // Stratum, or type of clock 
        
             packetBuffer[2]   = 6;     // Polling Interval 
        
             packetBuffer[3]   = 0xEC;  // Peer Clock Precision 
        
             // 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion 
        
             packetBuffer[12]  = 49; 
        
             packetBuffer[13]  = 0x4E; 
        
             packetBuffer[14]  = 49; 
        
             packetBuffer[15]  = 52; 
        
           } 
        
           void parsePacket(AsyncUDPPacket packet) 
        
           { 
        
             struct tm  ts; 
        
             char       buf[80]; 
        
             memcpy(packetBuffer, packet.data(), sizeof(packetBuffer)); 
        
             Serial.print("Received UDP Packet Type: "); 
        
             Serial.println(packet.isBroadcast() ? "Broadcast" : packet.isMulticast() ? "Multicast" : "Unicast"); 
        
             Serial.print("From: "); 
        
             Serial.print(packet.remoteIP()); 
        
             Serial.print(":"); 
        
             Serial.print(packet.remotePort()); 
        
             Serial.print(", To: "); 
        
             Serial.print(packet.localIP()); 
        
             Serial.print(":"); 
        
             Serial.print(packet.localPort()); 
        
             Serial.print(", Length: "); 
        
             Serial.print(packet.length()); 
        
             Serial.println(); 
        
             unsigned long highWord = word(packetBuffer[40], packetBuffer[41]); 
        
             unsigned long lowWord = word(packetBuffer[42], packetBuffer[43]); 
        
             // combine the four bytes (two words) into a long integer 
        
             // this is NTP time (seconds since Jan 1 1900): 
        
             unsigned long secsSince1900 = highWord << 16 | lowWord; 
        
             Serial.print(F("Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = ")); 
        
             Serial.println(secsSince1900); 
        
             // now convert NTP time into )everyday time: 
        
             Serial.print(F("Epoch/Unix time = ")); 
        
             // Unix time starts on Jan 1 1970. In seconds, that's 2208988800: 
        
             const unsigned long seventyYears = 2208988800UL; 
        
             // subtract seventy years: 
        
             unsigned long epoch = secsSince1900 - seventyYears; 
        
             time_t epoch_t = epoch;   //secsSince1900 - seventyYears; 
        
             // print Unix time: 
        
             Serial.println(epoch); 
        
             // print the hour, minute and second: 
        
             Serial.print(F("The UTC/GMT time is "));       // UTC is the time at Greenwich Meridian (GMT) 
        
             ts = *localtime(&epoch_t); 
        
             strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%a %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z", &ts); 
        
             Serial.println(buf); 
        
           } 
        
           void sendNTPPacket() 
        
           { 
        
             createNTPpacket(); 
        
             //Send unicast 
        
             Udp.write(packetBuffer, sizeof(packetBuffer)); 
        
           } 
        
           void setup() 
        
           { 
        
             Serial.begin(115200); 
        
             while (!Serial); 
        
             Serial.print("\nStart AsyncUdpNTPClient on "); 
        
             Serial.println(BOARD_NAME); 
        
             Serial.println(ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION); 
        
           #if defined(ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_MIN) 
        
             if (ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_INT < ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_MIN) 
        
             { 
        
               Serial.print("Warning. Must use this example on Version equal or later than : "); 
        
               Serial.println(ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_MIN_TARGET); 
        
             } 
        
           #endif 
        
             delay(500); 
        
           #if USING_DHCP 
        
             // Start the Ethernet connection, using DHCP 
        
             Serial.print("Initialize Ethernet using DHCP => "); 
        
             Ethernet.begin(); 
        
           #else 
        
             // Start the Ethernet connection, using static IP 
        
             Serial.print("Initialize Ethernet using static IP => "); 
        
             Ethernet.begin(myIP, myNetmask, myGW); 
        
             Ethernet.setDNSServerIP(mydnsServer); 
        
           #endif 
        
             if (!Ethernet.waitForLocalIP(5000)) 
        
             { 
        
               Serial.println(F("Failed to configure Ethernet")); 
        
               if (!Ethernet.linkStatus()) 
        
               { 
        
                 Serial.println(F("Ethernet cable is not connected.")); 
        
               } 
        
               // Stay here forever 
        
               while (true) 
        
               { 
        
                 delay(1); 
        
               } 
        
             } 
        
             else 
        
             { 
        
               Serial.print(F("Connected! IP address:")); 
        
               Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP()); 
        
             } 
        
           #if USING_DHCP 
        
             delay(1000); 
        
           #else 
        
             delay(2000); 
        
           #endif 
        
             //NTP requests are to port NTP_REQUEST_PORT = 123 
        
             if (Udp.connect(timeServerIP, NTP_REQUEST_PORT)) 
        
               //if (Udp.connect(timeServer, NTP_REQUEST_PORT)) 
        
             { 
        
               Serial.println("UDP connected"); 
        
               Udp.onPacket([](AsyncUDPPacket packet) 
        
               { 
        
                 parsePacket(packet); 
        
               }); 
        
             } 
        
             sendNTPPacket(); 
        
             sendUDPRequest.start(); //start the ticker 
        
           } 
        
           void loop() 
        
           { 
        
             sendUDPRequest.update(); 
        
           }

2. File defines.h

AsyncUDP_Teensy41/examples/AsyncUdpNTPClient/defines.h

Lines 12 to 47 in f775e61

    
           #ifndef defines_h 
        
           #define defines_h 
        
           #if !( defined(CORE_TEENSY) && defined(__IMXRT1062__) && defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY41) ) 
        
             //#error Only Teensy 4.1 supported 
        
           #endif 
        
           #define ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_DEBUG_PORT       Serial 
        
           // Debug Level from 0 to 4 
        
           #define _ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_LOGLEVEL_       4 
        
           #define SHIELD_TYPE     "Teensy4.1 QNEthernet" 
        
           #if (_ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_LOGLEVEL_ > 3) 
        
             #warning Using QNEthernet lib for Teensy 4.1. Must also use Teensy Packages Patch or error 
        
           #endif 
        
           #define USING_DHCP            true 
        
           //#define USING_DHCP            false 
        
           #if !USING_DHCP 
        
             // Set the static IP address to use if the DHCP fails to assign 
        
             IPAddress myIP(192, 168, 2, 222); 
        
             IPAddress myNetmask(255, 255, 255, 0); 
        
             IPAddress myGW(192, 168, 2, 1); 
        
             //IPAddress mydnsServer(192, 168, 2, 1); 
        
             IPAddress mydnsServer(8, 8, 8, 8); 
        
           #endif 
        
           #include "QNEthernet.h"       // https://github.com/ssilverman/QNEthernet 
        
           using namespace qindesign::network; 
        
           #include <AsyncUDP_Teensy41.h>        // https://github.com/khoih-prog/AsyncUDP_Teensy41 
        
           #endif    //defines_h

Debug Terminal Output Samples

1. AsyncUdpNTPClient on TEENSY 4.1

This is terminal debug output when running AsyncUdpNTPClient on Teensy 4.1 using built-in QNEthernet. It connects to NTP Server "0.ca.pool.ntp.org" (IPAddress(208, 81, 1, 244)) using AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library, and requests NTP time every 60s. The packet is then received and processed asynchronously to print current UTC/GMT time.

Start AsyncUdpNTPClient on TEENSY 4.1
AsyncUDP_Teensy41 v1.2.1
Initialize Ethernet using DHCP => Connected! IP address:192.168.2.107
UDP connected
============= createNTPpacket =============
[UDP] _recv: Call packetHandler with packet from remoteIP = 208.81.1.244 , remotePort = 123
[UDP] To destIP = 192.168.2.107 , destPort = 62927
[UDP] Packet len = 48
Received UDP Packet Type: Unicast
From: 208.81.1.244:123, To: 192.168.2.107:62927, Length: 48
Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = 3856651358
Epoch/Unix time = 1647662558
The UTC/GMT time is Sat 2022-03-19 04:02:38 GMT
============= createNTPpacket =============
[UDP] _recv: Call packetHandler with packet from remoteIP = 208.81.1.244 , remotePort = 123
[UDP] To destIP = 192.168.2.107 , destPort = 62927
[UDP] Packet len = 48
Received UDP Packet Type: Unicast
From: 208.81.1.244:123, To: 192.168.2.107:62927, Length: 48
Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = 3856651418
Epoch/Unix time = 1647662618
The UTC/GMT time is Sat 2022-03-19 04:03:38 GMT
============= createNTPpacket =============
[UDP] _recv: Call packetHandler with packet from remoteIP = 208.81.1.244 , remotePort = 123
[UDP] To destIP = 192.168.2.107 , destPort = 62927
[UDP] Packet len = 48
Received UDP Packet Type: Unicast
From: 208.81.1.244:123, To: 192.168.2.107:62927, Length: 48
Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = 3856651478
Epoch/Unix time = 1647662678
The UTC/GMT time is Sat 2022-03-19 04:04:38 GMT

2. AsyncUDPSendReceive on TEENSY 4.1

This is terminal debug output when running AsyncUDPSendReceive on Teensy 4.1 using built-in QNEthernet. It connects to NTP Server "time.nist.gov" (IPAddress(208, 81, 1, 244)) using AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library, and requests NTP time every 60s. The packet is then received and processed asynchronously to print current UTC/GMT time.

Start AsyncUDPSendReceive on TEENSY 4.1
AsyncUDP_Teensy41 v1.2.1
Initialize Ethernet using DHCP => Connected! IP address:192.168.2.107

Starting connection to server...
UDP connected
============= createNTPpacket =============
[UDP] _recv: Call packetHandler with packet from remoteIP = 208.81.1.244 , remotePort = 123
[UDP] To destIP = 192.168.2.107 , destPort = 62927
[UDP] Packet len = 48
Received UDP Packet Type: Unicast
From: 208.81.1.244:123, To: 192.168.2.107:62927, Length: 48
Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = 3856651920
Epoch/Unix time = 1647663120
The UTC/GMT time is Sat 2022-03-19 04:12:00 GMT
============= sendACKPacket =============
============= createNTPpacket =============
[UDP] _recv: Call packetHandler with packet from remoteIP = 208.81.1.244 , remotePort = 123
[UDP] To destIP = 192.168.2.107 , destPort = 62927
[UDP] Packet len = 48
Received UDP Packet Type: Unicast
From: 208.81.1.244:123, To: 192.168.2.107:62927, Length: 48
Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = 3856651980
Epoch/Unix time = 1647663180
The UTC/GMT time is Sat 2022-03-19 04:13:00 GMT
============= sendACKPacket =============
============= createNTPpacket =============
[UDP] _recv: Call packetHandler with packet from remoteIP = 208.81.1.244 , remotePort = 123
[UDP] To destIP = 192.168.2.107 , destPort = 62927
[UDP] Packet len = 48
Received UDP Packet Type: Unicast
From: 208.81.1.244:123, To: 192.168.2.107:62927, Length: 48
Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = 3856652040
Epoch/Unix time = 1647663240
The UTC/GMT time is Sat 2022-03-19 04:14:00 GMT
============= sendACKPacket =============

Debug

Debug is enabled by default on Serial. To disable, use level 0

#define ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_DEBUG_PORT      Serial

// Use from 0 to 4. Higher number, more debugging messages and memory usage.
#define _ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_LOGLEVEL_      0

You can also change the debugging level from 0 to 4

#define ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_DEBUG_PORT      Serial

// Use from 0 to 4. Higher number, more debugging messages and memory usage.
#define _ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_LOGLEVEL_      4

Troubleshooting

If you get compilation errors, more often than not, you may need to install a newer version of Arduino IDE, the Arduino STM32 core or depending libraries.

Sometimes, the library will only work if you update the STM32 core to the latest version because I am always using the latest cores /libraries.

Issues

Submit issues to: AsyncUDP_Teensy41 issues

TO DO

Fix bug. Add enhancement

DONE

Initial porting and coding for Teensy 4.1 using built-in QNEthernet
Add more examples.
Add debugging features.
Add astyle using allman style. Restyle the library

Contributions and Thanks

Based on and modified from Hristo Gochkov's ESPAsyncUDP. Many thanks to Hristo Gochkov for good ESPAsyncUDP Library

_{⭐️⭐️ Hristo Gochkov}

Contributing

If you want to contribute to this project:

Report bugs and errors
Ask for enhancements
Create issues and pull requests
Tell other people about this library

License

The library is licensed under GPLv3

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 20 Commits
.github		.github
Packages_Patches/hardware/teensy/avr		Packages_Patches/hardware/teensy/avr
examples		examples
platformio		platformio
src		src
travis		travis
utils		utils
.codespellrc		.codespellrc
.gitignore		.gitignore
CONTRIBUTING.md		CONTRIBUTING.md
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
changelog.md		changelog.md
keywords.txt		keywords.txt
library.json		library.json
library.properties		library.properties

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Repository files navigation

AsyncUDP_Teensy41 Library

Table of Contents

Why do we need this AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library

Features

Why Async is better

Currently Supported Boards

Prerequisites

Installation

Use Arduino Library Manager

Manual Install

VS Code & PlatformIO:

Packages' Patches

1. For Teensy boards

HOWTO Fix `Multiple Definitions` Linker Error

HOWTO Setting up the Async UDP Client

Examples

Example AsyncUdpNTPClient

1. File AsyncUdpNTPClient.ino

2. File defines.h

Debug Terminal Output Samples

1. AsyncUdpNTPClient on TEENSY 4.1

2. AsyncUDPSendReceive on TEENSY 4.1

Debug

Troubleshooting

Issues

TO DO

DONE

Contributions and Thanks

Contributing

License

Copyright

About

Releases 1

Packages

Contributors 2

Languages

	#include "defines.h"
	#include <time.h>

	#include <Ticker.h> // https://github.com/sstaub/Ticker

	// 0.ca.pool.ntp.org
	IPAddress timeServerIP = IPAddress(208, 81, 1, 244);
	// time.nist.gov
	//IPAddress timeServerIP = IPAddress(132, 163, 96, 1);

	#define NTP_REQUEST_PORT 123

	//char timeServer[] = "time.nist.gov"; // NTP server
	char timeServer[] = "0.ca.pool.ntp.org";

	const int NTP_PACKET_SIZE = 48; // NTP timestamp is in the first 48 bytes of the message

	byte packetBuffer[NTP_PACKET_SIZE]; // buffer to hold incoming and outgoing packets

	// A UDP instance to let us send and receive packets over UDP
	AsyncUDP Udp;

	// 600s = 10 minutes to not flooding, 60s in testing
	#define UDP_REQUEST_INTERVAL_MS 60000 //600000

	void sendNTPPacket();

	// Repeat forever, millis() resolution
	Ticker sendUDPRequest(sendNTPPacket, UDP_REQUEST_INTERVAL_MS, 0, MILLIS);

	// send an NTP request to the time server at the given address
	void createNTPpacket(void)
	{
	Serial.println("============= createNTPpacket =============");

	// set all bytes in the buffer to 0
	memset(packetBuffer, 0, NTP_PACKET_SIZE);
	// Initialize values needed to form NTP request
	// (see URL above for details on the packets)

	packetBuffer[0] = 0b11100011; // LI, Version, Mode
	packetBuffer[1] = 0; // Stratum, or type of clock
	packetBuffer[2] = 6; // Polling Interval
	packetBuffer[3] = 0xEC; // Peer Clock Precision

	// 8 bytes of zero for Root Delay & Root Dispersion
	packetBuffer[12] = 49;
	packetBuffer[13] = 0x4E;
	packetBuffer[14] = 49;
	packetBuffer[15] = 52;
	}

	void parsePacket(AsyncUDPPacket packet)
	{
	struct tm ts;
	char buf[80];

	memcpy(packetBuffer, packet.data(), sizeof(packetBuffer));

	Serial.print("Received UDP Packet Type: ");
	Serial.println(packet.isBroadcast() ? "Broadcast" : packet.isMulticast() ? "Multicast" : "Unicast");
	Serial.print("From: ");
	Serial.print(packet.remoteIP());
	Serial.print(":");
	Serial.print(packet.remotePort());
	Serial.print(", To: ");
	Serial.print(packet.localIP());
	Serial.print(":");
	Serial.print(packet.localPort());
	Serial.print(", Length: ");
	Serial.print(packet.length());
	Serial.println();

	unsigned long highWord = word(packetBuffer[40], packetBuffer[41]);
	unsigned long lowWord = word(packetBuffer[42], packetBuffer[43]);

	// combine the four bytes (two words) into a long integer
	// this is NTP time (seconds since Jan 1 1900):
	unsigned long secsSince1900 = highWord << 16 \| lowWord;

	Serial.print(F("Seconds since Jan 1 1900 = "));
	Serial.println(secsSince1900);

	// now convert NTP time into )everyday time:
	Serial.print(F("Epoch/Unix time = "));

	// Unix time starts on Jan 1 1970. In seconds, that's 2208988800:
	const unsigned long seventyYears = 2208988800UL;

	// subtract seventy years:
	unsigned long epoch = secsSince1900 - seventyYears;
	time_t epoch_t = epoch; //secsSince1900 - seventyYears;

	// print Unix time:
	Serial.println(epoch);

	// print the hour, minute and second:
	Serial.print(F("The UTC/GMT time is ")); // UTC is the time at Greenwich Meridian (GMT)

	ts = *localtime(&epoch_t);
	strftime(buf, sizeof(buf), "%a %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z", &ts);
	Serial.println(buf);
	}

	void sendNTPPacket()
	{
	createNTPpacket();
	//Send unicast
	Udp.write(packetBuffer, sizeof(packetBuffer));
	}

	void setup()
	{
	Serial.begin(115200);

	while (!Serial);

	Serial.print("\nStart AsyncUdpNTPClient on ");
	Serial.println(BOARD_NAME);
	Serial.println(ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION);

	#if defined(ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_MIN)

	if (ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_INT < ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_MIN)
	{
	Serial.print("Warning. Must use this example on Version equal or later than : ");
	Serial.println(ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_VERSION_MIN_TARGET);
	}

	#endif

	delay(500);

	#if USING_DHCP
	// Start the Ethernet connection, using DHCP
	Serial.print("Initialize Ethernet using DHCP => ");
	Ethernet.begin();
	#else
	// Start the Ethernet connection, using static IP
	Serial.print("Initialize Ethernet using static IP => ");
	Ethernet.begin(myIP, myNetmask, myGW);
	Ethernet.setDNSServerIP(mydnsServer);
	#endif

	if (!Ethernet.waitForLocalIP(5000))
	{
	Serial.println(F("Failed to configure Ethernet"));

	if (!Ethernet.linkStatus())
	{
	Serial.println(F("Ethernet cable is not connected."));
	}

	// Stay here forever
	while (true)
	{
	delay(1);
	}
	}
	else
	{
	Serial.print(F("Connected! IP address:"));
	Serial.println(Ethernet.localIP());
	}

	#if USING_DHCP
	delay(1000);
	#else
	delay(2000);
	#endif


	//NTP requests are to port NTP_REQUEST_PORT = 123
	if (Udp.connect(timeServerIP, NTP_REQUEST_PORT))
	//if (Udp.connect(timeServer, NTP_REQUEST_PORT))
	{
	Serial.println("UDP connected");

	Udp.onPacket([](AsyncUDPPacket packet)
	{
	parsePacket(packet);
	});
	}

	sendNTPPacket();

	sendUDPRequest.start(); //start the ticker
	}

	void loop()
	{
	sendUDPRequest.update();
	}

	#ifndef defines_h
	#define defines_h

	#if !( defined(CORE_TEENSY) && defined(__IMXRT1062__) && defined(ARDUINO_TEENSY41) )
	//#error Only Teensy 4.1 supported
	#endif

	#define ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_DEBUG_PORT Serial

	// Debug Level from 0 to 4
	#define _ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_LOGLEVEL_ 4

	#define SHIELD_TYPE "Teensy4.1 QNEthernet"

	#if (_ASYNC_UDP_TEENSY41_LOGLEVEL_ > 3)
	#warning Using QNEthernet lib for Teensy 4.1. Must also use Teensy Packages Patch or error
	#endif

	#define USING_DHCP true
	//#define USING_DHCP false

	#if !USING_DHCP
	// Set the static IP address to use if the DHCP fails to assign
	IPAddress myIP(192, 168, 2, 222);
	IPAddress myNetmask(255, 255, 255, 0);
	IPAddress myGW(192, 168, 2, 1);
	//IPAddress mydnsServer(192, 168, 2, 1);
	IPAddress mydnsServer(8, 8, 8, 8);
	#endif

	#include "QNEthernet.h" // https://github.com/ssilverman/QNEthernet
	using namespace qindesign::network;

	#include <AsyncUDP_Teensy41.h> // https://github.com/khoih-prog/AsyncUDP_Teensy41

	#endif //defines_h

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khoih-prog/AsyncUDP_Teensy41

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AsyncUDP_Teensy41 Library

Table of Contents

Why do we need this AsyncUDP_Teensy41 library

Features

Why Async is better

Currently Supported Boards

Prerequisites

Installation

Use Arduino Library Manager

Manual Install

VS Code & PlatformIO:

Packages' Patches

1. For Teensy boards

HOWTO Fix Multiple Definitions Linker Error

HOWTO Setting up the Async UDP Client

Examples

Example AsyncUdpNTPClient

1. File AsyncUdpNTPClient.ino

2. File defines.h

Debug Terminal Output Samples

1. AsyncUdpNTPClient on TEENSY 4.1

2. AsyncUDPSendReceive on TEENSY 4.1

Debug

Troubleshooting

Issues

TO DO

DONE

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Contributing

License

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HOWTO Fix `Multiple Definitions` Linker Error

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