one-time run ruff with --unsafe-fixes for UP031

docs/source/examples/Futures.ipynb

@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@
     "    print(executor.__class__.__name__)\n",
     "    result = executor.map(task, sizes)\n",
     "    rlist = list(result)\n",
-    "    assert rlist == ref, \"%s != %s\" % (rlist, ref)\n",
+    "    assert rlist == ref, f\"{rlist} != {ref}\"\n",
     "    # time the task assignment\n",
     "    %timeit list(executor.map(task, sizes))"
    ]

docs/source/examples/Monitoring an MPI Simulation - 1.ipynb

@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
     "        plt.close('all')\n",
     "        display(fig)\n",
     "    print(msg)\n",
-    "    print('Monitored for: %s.' % tmon)"
+    "    print(f'Monitored for: {tmon}.')"
    ]
   },
   {

docs/source/examples/Monitoring an MPI Simulation - 2.ipynb

@@ -341,7 +341,7 @@
     "        plt.close('all')\n",
     "        display(fig)\n",
     "    print(msg)\n",
-    "    print('Monitored for: %s.' % tmon)"
+    "    print(f'Monitored for: {tmon}.')"
    ]
   },
   {

docs/source/examples/interengine/interengine.py

@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@
 def broadcast(client, sender, msg_name, dest_name=None, block=None):
     """broadcast a message from one engine to all others."""
     dest_name = msg_name if dest_name is None else dest_name
-    client[sender].execute('com.publish(%s)' % msg_name, block=None)
+    client[sender].execute(f'com.publish({msg_name})', block=None)
     targets = client.ids
     targets.remove(sender)
-    return client[targets].execute('%s=com.consume()' % dest_name, block=None)
+    return client[targets].execute(f'{dest_name}=com.consume()', block=None)
 
 
 def send(client, sender, targets, msg_name, dest_name=None, block=None):
@@ -36,4 +36,4 @@ def _send(targets, m_name):
 
     client[sender].apply_async(_send, targets, msg_name)
 
-    return client[targets].execute('%s=com.recv()' % dest_name, block=None)
+    return client[targets].execute(f'{dest_name}=com.recv()', block=None)

docs/source/examples/iopubwatcher.py

@@ -83,5 +83,5 @@ def main(connection_file):
         # This gets the security file for the default profile:
         pattern = 'ipcontroller-client.json'
     cf = find_connection_file(pattern)
-    print("Using connection file %s" % cf)
+    print(f"Using connection file {cf}")
     main(cf)

ipyparallel/apps/baseapp.py

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ def to_work_dir(self):
         wd = self.work_dir
         if wd != os.getcwd():
             os.chdir(wd)
-            self.log.info("Changing to working dir: %s" % wd)
+            self.log.info(f"Changing to working dir: {wd}")
         # This is the working dir by now.
         sys.path.insert(0, '')
 
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ def reinit_logging(self):
         log_dir = self.profile_dir.log_dir
         if self.clean_logs:
             for f in os.listdir(log_dir):
-                if re.match(r'%s-\d+\.(log|err|out)' % self.name, f):
+                if re.match(rf'{self.name}-\d+\.(log|err|out)', f):
                     try:
                         os.remove(os.path.join(log_dir, f))
                     except OSError:

ipyparallel/apps/iploggerapp.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def init_watcher(self):
         except BaseException:
             self.log.error("Couldn't start the LogWatcher", exc_info=True)
             self.exit(1)
-        self.log.info("Listening for log messages on %r" % self.watcher.url)
+        self.log.info(f"Listening for log messages on {self.watcher.url!r}")
 
     def start(self):
         self.watcher.start()

ipyparallel/apps/logwatcher.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class LogWatcher(LoggingConfigurable):
     url = Unicode(config=True, help="ZMQ url on which to listen for log messages")
 
     def _url_default(self):
-        return 'tcp://%s:20202' % localhost()
+        return f'tcp://{localhost()}:20202'
 
     # internals
     stream = Instance('zmq.eventloop.zmqstream.ZMQStream', allow_none=True)
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ def subscribe(self):
             self.stream.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, '')
         else:
             for topic in self.topics:
-                self.log.debug("Subscribing to: %r" % (topic))
+                self.log.debug(f"Subscribing to: {topic!r}")
                 self.stream.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, topic)
 
     def _extract_level(self, topic_str):
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ def _extract_level(self, topic_str):
     def log_message(self, raw):
         """receive and parse a message, then log it."""
         if len(raw) != 2 or '.' not in raw[0]:
-            self.log.error("Invalid log message: %s" % raw)
+            self.log.error(f"Invalid log message: {raw}")
             return
         else:
             topic, msg = raw

ipyparallel/client/asyncresult.py

@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ def _init_futures(self):
                         future.set_result(result)
                         future.output.set_result(None)
                 if not future:
-                    raise KeyError("No Future or result for msg_id: %s" % msg_id)
+                    raise KeyError(f"No Future or result for msg_id: {msg_id}")
                 self._children.append(future)
 
         self._result_future = multi_future(self._children)
@@ -703,7 +703,7 @@ def __getitem__(self, key):
                 return values
         else:
             raise TypeError(
-                "Invalid key type %r, must be 'int','slice', or 'str'" % type(key)
+                f"Invalid key type {type(key)!r}, must be 'int','slice', or 'str'"
             )
 
     def __getattr__(self, key):
@@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ def display_outputs(self, groupby="type", result_only=False):
 
         else:
             raise ValueError(
-                "groupby must be one of 'type', 'engine', 'collate', not %r" % groupby
+                f"groupby must be one of 'type', 'engine', 'collate', not {groupby!r}"
             )
 
 

ipyparallel/client/client.py

@@ -529,11 +529,10 @@ def __init__(
                 # This is only a warning, because the most likely cause
                 # is a local Controller on a laptop whose IP is dynamic
                 warnings.warn(
-                    """
+                    f"""
             Controller appears to be listening on localhost, but not on this machine.
-            If this is true, you should specify Client(...,sshserver='you@%s')
-            or instruct your controller to listen on an external IP."""
-                    % location,
+            If this is true, you should specify Client(...,sshserver='you@{location}')
+            or instruct your controller to listen on an external IP.""",
                     RuntimeWarning,
                 )
         elif not sshserver:
@@ -552,7 +551,7 @@ def __init__(
             if tunnel.try_passwordless_ssh(sshserver, sshkey, paramiko):
                 password = False
             else:
-                password = getpass("SSH Password for %s: " % sshserver)
+                password = getpass(f"SSH Password for {sshserver}: ")
         ssh_kwargs = dict(keyfile=sshkey, password=password, paramiko=paramiko)
 
         # configure and construct the session
@@ -706,7 +705,7 @@ def _build_targets(self, targets):
             if targets.lower() == 'all':
                 targets = self._ids
             else:
-                raise TypeError("%r not valid str target, must be 'all'" % (targets))
+                raise TypeError(f"{targets!r} not valid str target, must be 'all'")
         elif isinstance(targets, int):
             if targets < 0:
                 targets = self.ids[targets]
@@ -721,7 +720,7 @@ def _build_targets(self, targets):
 
         if not isinstance(targets, (tuple, list, range)):
             raise TypeError(
-                "targets by int/slice/collection of ints only, not %s" % (type(targets))
+                f"targets by int/slice/collection of ints only, not {type(targets)}"
             )
 
         return [self._engines[t].encode("utf8") for t in targets], list(targets)
@@ -790,7 +789,7 @@ def connect_socket(s, url):
         else:
             self._connected = False
             tb = '\n'.join(content.get('traceback', []))
-            raise Exception("Failed to connect! %s" % tb)
+            raise Exception(f"Failed to connect! {tb}")
 
         self._start_io_thread()
 
@@ -910,9 +909,9 @@ def _handle_execute_reply(self, msg):
         future = self._futures.get(msg_id, None)
         if msg_id not in self.outstanding:
             if msg_id in self.history:
-                print("got stale result: %s" % msg_id)
+                print(f"got stale result: {msg_id}")
             else:
-                print("got unknown result: %s" % msg_id)
+                print(f"got unknown result: {msg_id}")
         else:
             self.outstanding.remove(msg_id)
 
@@ -971,11 +970,11 @@ def _handle_apply_reply(self, msg):
         future = self._futures.get(msg_id, None)
         if msg_id not in self.outstanding:
             if msg_id in self.history:
-                print("got stale result: %s" % msg_id)
+                print(f"got stale result: {msg_id}")
                 print(self.results[msg_id])
                 print(msg)
             else:
-                print("got unknown result: %s" % msg_id)
+                print(f"got unknown result: {msg_id}")
         else:
             self.outstanding.remove(msg_id)
         content = msg['content']
@@ -1102,7 +1101,7 @@ def _dispatch_notification(self, msg):
         msg_type = msg['header']['msg_type']
         handler = self._notification_handlers.get(msg_type, None)
         if handler is None:
-            raise KeyError("Unhandled notification message type: %s" % msg_type)
+            raise KeyError(f"Unhandled notification message type: {msg_type}")
         else:
             handler(msg)
 
@@ -1112,7 +1111,7 @@ def _dispatch_reply(self, msg):
         msg_type = msg['header']['msg_type']
         handler = self._queue_handlers.get(msg_type, None)
         if handler is None:
-            raise KeyError("Unhandled reply message type: %s" % msg_type)
+            raise KeyError(f"Unhandled reply message type: {msg_type}")
         else:
             handler(msg)
 
@@ -1331,9 +1330,7 @@ def __getitem__(self, key):
 
         Must be int, slice, or list/tuple/range of ints"""
         if not isinstance(key, (int, slice, tuple, list, range)):
-            raise TypeError(
-                "key by int/slice/iterable of ints only, not %s" % (type(key))
-            )
+            raise TypeError(f"key by int/slice/iterable of ints only, not {type(key)}")
         else:
             return self.direct_view(key)
 
@@ -1744,7 +1741,7 @@ def abort(self, jobs=None, targets=None, block=None):
         bad_ids = [obj for obj in jobs if not isinstance(obj, (str, AsyncResult))]
         if bad_ids:
             raise TypeError(
-                "Invalid msg_id type %r, expected str or AsyncResult" % bad_ids[0]
+                f"Invalid msg_id type {bad_ids[0]!r}, expected str or AsyncResult"
             )
         for j in jobs:
             if isinstance(j, AsyncResult):
@@ -1945,13 +1942,13 @@ def send_apply_request(
 
         # validate arguments
         if not callable(f) and not isinstance(f, (Reference, PrePickled)):
-            raise TypeError("f must be callable, not %s" % type(f))
+            raise TypeError(f"f must be callable, not {type(f)}")
         if not isinstance(args, (tuple, list)):
-            raise TypeError("args must be tuple or list, not %s" % type(args))
+            raise TypeError(f"args must be tuple or list, not {type(args)}")
         if not isinstance(kwargs, dict):
-            raise TypeError("kwargs must be dict, not %s" % type(kwargs))
+            raise TypeError(f"kwargs must be dict, not {type(kwargs)}")
         if not isinstance(metadata, dict):
-            raise TypeError("metadata must be dict, not %s" % type(metadata))
+            raise TypeError(f"metadata must be dict, not {type(metadata)}")
 
         bufs = serialize.pack_apply_message(
             f,
@@ -1996,9 +1993,9 @@ def send_execute_request(
 
         # validate arguments
         if not isinstance(code, str):
-            raise TypeError("code must be text, not %s" % type(code))
+            raise TypeError(f"code must be text, not {type(code)}")
         if not isinstance(metadata, dict):
-            raise TypeError("metadata must be dict, not %s" % type(metadata))
+            raise TypeError(f"metadata must be dict, not {type(metadata)}")
 
         content = dict(code=code, silent=bool(silent), user_expressions={})
 
@@ -2281,7 +2278,9 @@ def result_status(self, msg_ids, status_only=True):
                     elif header['msg_type'] == 'execute_reply':
                         res = ExecuteReply(msg_id, rcontent, md)
                     else:
-                        raise KeyError("unhandled msg type: %r" % header['msg_type'])
+                        raise KeyError(
+                            "unhandled msg type: {!r}".format(header['msg_type'])
+                        )
                 else:
                     res = self._unwrap_exception(rcontent)
                     failures.append(res)
@@ -2354,7 +2353,7 @@ def _msg_ids_from_jobs(self, jobs=None):
             elif isinstance(job, AsyncResult):
                 msg_ids.extend(job.msg_ids)
             else:
-                raise TypeError("Expected msg_id, int, or AsyncResult, got %r" % job)
+                raise TypeError(f"Expected msg_id, int, or AsyncResult, got {job!r}")
         return msg_ids
 
     def _asyncresult_from_jobs(self, jobs=None, owner=False):
@@ -2387,7 +2386,7 @@ def _asyncresult_from_jobs(self, jobs=None, owner=False):
                 else:
                     msg_ids.extend(job.msg_ids)
             else:
-                raise TypeError("Expected msg_id, int, or AsyncResult, got %r" % job)
+                raise TypeError(f"Expected msg_id, int, or AsyncResult, got {job!r}")
         if msg_ids:
             if single:
                 msg_ids = msg_ids[0]
@@ -2430,9 +2429,7 @@ def purge_local_results(self, jobs=[], targets=[]):
 
         if jobs == 'all':
             if self.outstanding:
-                raise RuntimeError(
-                    "Can't purge outstanding tasks: %s" % self.outstanding
-                )
+                raise RuntimeError(f"Can't purge outstanding tasks: {self.outstanding}")
             self.results.clear()
             self.metadata.clear()
             self._futures.clear()
@@ -2444,7 +2441,7 @@ def purge_local_results(self, jobs=[], targets=[]):
             still_outstanding = self.outstanding.intersection(msg_ids)
             if still_outstanding:
                 raise RuntimeError(
-                    "Can't purge outstanding tasks: %s" % still_outstanding
+                    f"Can't purge outstanding tasks: {still_outstanding}"
                 )
             for mid in msg_ids:
                 self.results.pop(mid, None)

ipyparallel/client/magics.py

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ def __init__(self, shell, view, suffix=''):
 
     def _eval_target_str(self, ts):
         if ':' in ts:
-            targets = eval("self.view.client.ids[%s]" % ts)
+            targets = eval(f"self.view.client.ids[{ts}]")
         elif 'all' in ts:
             targets = 'all'
         else:
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ def parallel_execute(
         else:
             str_targets = str(targets)
         if self.verbose:
-            print(base + " execution on engine(s): %s" % str_targets)
+            print(base + f" execution on engine(s): {str_targets}")
 
         result = self.view.execute(cell, silent=False, block=False)
         result._fname = "%px"

ipyparallel/client/remotefunction.py

@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ def __call__(self, *sequences, **kwargs):
         client = self.view.client
         _mapping = kwargs.pop('__ipp_mapping', False)
         if kwargs:
-            raise TypeError("Unexpected keyword arguments: %s" % kwargs)
+            raise TypeError(f"Unexpected keyword arguments: {kwargs}")
 
         lens = []
         maxlen = minlen = -1
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ def __call__(self, *sequences, **kwargs):
 
         # check that the length of sequences match
         if not _mapping and minlen != maxlen:
-            msg = 'all sequences must have equal length, but have %s' % lens
+            msg = f'all sequences must have equal length, but have {lens}'
             raise ValueError(msg)
 
         balanced = 'Balanced' in self.view.__class__.__name__