feat(inputs.influxdb): Add metrics for build, crypto and commandline

[srebhan]

Summary

Add newer debug variables as metrics as they are not following the "point" structure and are thus missing from the output.

Checklist

• No AI generated code was used in this PR

Related issues

resolves #15437

[telegraf-tiger]

Download PR build artifacts for linux_amd64.tar.gz, darwin_arm64.tar.gz, and windows_amd64.zip.
Downloads for additional architectures and packages are available below.

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Artifact URLs

DEB	RPM	TAR GZ	ZIP
amd64.deb	aarch64.rpm	darwin_amd64.tar.gz	windows_amd64.zip
arm64.deb	armel.rpm	darwin_arm64.tar.gz	windows_arm64.zip
armel.deb	armv6hl.rpm	freebsd_amd64.tar.gz	windows_i386.zip
armhf.deb	i386.rpm	freebsd_armv7.tar.gz
i386.deb	ppc64le.rpm	freebsd_i386.tar.gz
mips.deb	riscv64.rpm	linux_amd64.tar.gz
mipsel.deb	s390x.rpm	linux_arm64.tar.gz
ppc64el.deb	x86_64.rpm	linux_armel.tar.gz
riscv64.deb		linux_armhf.tar.gz
s390x.deb		linux_i386.tar.gz
		linux_mips.tar.gz
		linux_mipsel.tar.gz
		linux_ppc64le.tar.gz
		linux_riscv64.tar.gz
		linux_s390x.tar.gz

[cpinflux]

Yep, tested, all looks good to me:

influxdb_system,host=thinkpad,url=http://localhost:8086/debug/vars current_time="2024-05-31T14:34:58.007163511Z",started="2024-05-31T07:00:47.166996802Z",uptime=27250i 1717166098001000000
influxdb_build,host=thinkpad,url=http://localhost:8086/debug/vars branch="unknown",build_time="",commit="d97e21d4473164bb3ba0055ecd1971f2529b6d82",version="v1.11.5" 1717166098001000000
influxdb_cmdline,host=thinkpad,url=http://localhost:8086/debug/vars value="influxd" 1717166098001000000
influxdb_crypto,host=thinkpad,url=http://localhost:8086/debug/vars fips=false,ensure_fips=false,implementation="Go",password_hash="bcrypt;cost=10" 1717166098001000000
influxdb_memstats,host=thinkpad,url=http://localhost:8086/debug/vars lookups=0i,heap_objects=2229313i,mspan_sys=3443520i,buck_hash_sys=2007190i,sys=402510168i,heap_alloc=192608208i,heap_inuse=201457664i,mcache_sys=15600i,last_gc=1717166088714938154i,pause_total_ns=278528790i,total_alloc=221448941752i,mallocs=149625600i,mcache_inuse=14400i,alloc=192608208i,heap_idle=171048960i,stack_inuse=4980736i,next_gc=250828408i,mspan_inuse=2172000i,num_gc=2295i,heap_sys=372506624i,heap_released=120774656i,gc_sys=17204952i,other_sys=2351546i,pause_ns=47324i,gc_cpu_fraction=0.0006764002225301153,frees=147396287i,stack_sys=4980736i 1717166098001000000