resource/aws_s3_bucket: Retry read after creation for 404 status code

Reference: #11891

Previously in the acceptance testing (inconsistently across various testing due to eventual consistency):

```
--- FAIL: TestAccAWSAthenaNamedQuery_basic (3.56s)
    testing.go:640: Step 0 error: errors during apply:

        Error: Provider produced inconsistent result after apply

        When applying changes to aws_s3_bucket.test, provider "aws" produced an
        unexpected new value for was present, but now absent.

        This is a bug in the provider, which should be reported in the provider's own
        issue tracker.

--- FAIL: TestAccAWSCodeBuildProject_Environment_Certificate (7.72s)
    testing.go:640: Step 0 error: errors during apply:

        Error: Provider produced inconsistent result after apply

        When applying changes to aws_s3_bucket.test, provider "aws" produced an
        unexpected new value for was present, but now absent.

        This is a bug in the provider, which should be reported in the provider's own
        issue tracker.
```

The HeadBucket/HeadObject S3 APIs work differently than other AWS APIs where they can exclusively return only status code information and not a relevant error code. This update accounts for that discrepency by retrying on 404 status codes on the resource read immediately after bucket creation.

Output from acceptance testing (failures from other eventual consistency issues):

```
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_shouldFailNotFound (18.57s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Cors_Delete (31.55s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_forceDestroyWithEmptyPrefixes (33.16s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_forceDestroy (34.90s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_forceDestroyWithObjectLockEnabled (36.16s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_basic (36.41s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_enableDefaultEncryption_whenAES256IsUsed (36.72s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Cors_EmptyOrigin (37.42s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_ReplicationExpectVersioningValidationError (39.28s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_objectLock (62.84s)
--- FAIL: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Cors_Update (70.43s)
    testing.go:640: Step 2 error: After applying this step, the plan was not empty:
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_namePrefix (34.06s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_ReplicationWithoutStorageClass (74.89s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Logging (75.40s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_ReplicationWithoutPrefix (77.09s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_disableDefaultEncryption_whenDefaultEncryptionIsEnabled (59.98s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_LifecycleExpireMarkerOnly (80.69s)
--- FAIL: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_RequestPayer (50.88s)
    testing.go:640: Step 2 error: Check failed: Check 2/3 error: aws_s3_bucket.bucket: Attribute 'request_payer' expected "Requester", got "BucketOwner"
--- FAIL: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_acceleration (21.28s)
    testing.go:640: Step 0 error: Check failed: Check 2/2 error: aws_s3_bucket.bucket: Attribute 'acceleration_status' expected "Enabled", got ""
--- FAIL: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_LifecycleBasic (86.20s)
    testing.go:640: Step 3 error: After applying this step and refreshing, the plan was not empty:
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_WebsiteRoutingRules (60.54s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_enableDefaultEncryption_whenTypical (62.41s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_UpdateAcl (61.70s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_region (30.65s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Versioning (105.29s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_generatedName (35.22s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Bucket_EmptyString (34.39s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Policy (76.26s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_WebsiteRedirect (83.43s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Website_Simple (83.85s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_ReplicationConfiguration_Rule_Destination_AccessControlTranslation (149.59s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_tagsWithNoSystemTags (112.51s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_ReplicationSchemaV2 (234.41s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Replication (242.83s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_tagsWithSystemTags (182.05s)
```

Re-run of failed tests:

```
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_RequestPayer (59.87s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_Cors_Update (61.90s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_acceleration (62.81s)
--- PASS: TestAccAWSS3Bucket_LifecycleBasic (89.19s)
```

aws/awserr.go

@@ -21,6 +21,19 @@ func isAWSErr(err error, code string, message string) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// Returns true if the error matches all these conditions:
+//  * err is of type awserr.RequestFailure
+//  * RequestFailure.StatusCode() matches status code
+// It is always preferable to use isAWSErr() except in older APIs (e.g. S3)
+// that sometimes only respond with status codes.
+func isAWSErrRequestFailureStatusCode(err error, statusCode int) bool {
+	var awsErr awserr.RequestFailure
+	if errors.As(err, &awsErr) {
+		return awsErr.StatusCode() == statusCode
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
 func retryOnAwsCode(code string, f func() (interface{}, error)) (interface{}, error) {
 	var resp interface{}
 	err := resource.Retry(2*time.Minute, func() *resource.RetryError {

aws/resource_aws_s3_bucket.go

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-sdk/helper/validation"
 )
 
+const s3BucketCreationTimeout = 2 * time.Minute
+
 func resourceAwsS3Bucket() *schema.Resource {
 	return &schema.Resource{
 		Create: resourceAwsS3BucketCreate,
@@ -757,19 +759,39 @@ func resourceAwsS3BucketUpdate(d *schema.ResourceData, meta interface{}) error {
 func resourceAwsS3BucketRead(d *schema.ResourceData, meta interface{}) error {
 	s3conn := meta.(*AWSClient).s3conn
 
-	var err error
+	input := &s3.HeadBucketInput{
+		Bucket: aws.String(d.Id()),
+	}
 
-	_, err = retryOnAwsCode(s3.ErrCodeNoSuchBucket, func() (interface{}, error) {
-		return s3conn.HeadBucket(&s3.HeadBucketInput{
-			Bucket: aws.String(d.Id()),
-		})
+	err := resource.Retry(s3BucketCreationTimeout, func() *resource.RetryError {
+		_, err := s3conn.HeadBucket(input)
+
+		if d.IsNewResource() && isAWSErrRequestFailureStatusCode(err, 404) {
+			return resource.RetryableError(err)
+		}
+
+		if d.IsNewResource() && isAWSErr(err, s3.ErrCodeNoSuchBucket, "") {
+			return resource.RetryableError(err)
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return resource.NonRetryableError(err)
+		}
+
+		return nil
 	})
+
+	if isResourceTimeoutError(err) {
+		_, err = s3conn.HeadBucket(input)
+	}
+
+	if isAWSErrRequestFailureStatusCode(err, 404) || isAWSErr(err, s3.ErrCodeNoSuchBucket, "") {
+		log.Printf("[WARN] S3 Bucket (%s) not found, removing from state", d.Id())
+		d.SetId("")
+		return nil
+	}
+
 	if err != nil {
-		if awsError, ok := err.(awserr.RequestFailure); ok && awsError.StatusCode() == 404 {
-			log.Printf("[WARN] S3 Bucket (%s) not found, error code (404)", d.Id())
-			d.SetId("")
-			return nil
-		}
 		return fmt.Errorf("error reading S3 Bucket (%s): %s", d.Id(), err)
 	}