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class Solution {
public:
int matrixScore(vector<vector<int>>& A) {
int m = A.size(), n = A[0].size(), res = (1 << (n - 1)) * m;
for (int j = 1; j < n; ++j) {
int cnt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) {
cnt += (A[i][j] == A[i][0]);
}
res += max(cnt, m - cnt) * (1 << (n - 1 - j));
}
return res;
}
};
We have a two dimensional matrix
A
where each value is0
or1
.A move consists of choosing any row or column, and toggling each value in that row or column: changing all
0
s to1
s, and all1
s to0
s.After making any number of moves, every row of this matrix is interpreted as a binary number, and the score of the matrix is the sum of these numbers.
Return the highest possible score.
Example 1:
Note:
1 <= A.length <= 20
1 <= A[0].length <= 20
A[i][j]
is0
or1
.这道题给了我们一个只有0和1的二维数组,说是每一行代表一个数字,我们可以任意地翻转任意行和列,问如何能使得每一行代表的数字之和最大。在博主看来,这道题还是挺有意思的,因为你可以写的很复杂,但如果思路巧妙的话,也可以写的很简洁。当然最暴力的解法就是遍历所有的组合,对于一个 mxn 大小的矩阵,每一行都可以选择翻与不翻,同理,每一列也可以选择翻与不翻,那么总共就有 2^(m+n) 种情况,写起来比较复杂。
这道题最巧妙的解法是用贪婪算法 Greedy Algorithm 来解的,由于数字是由二进制表示的,那么最高位的权重是要大于其他位总和的,比如 1000 就要大于 0111 的,所以当最高位是0的时候,无论如何都是需要翻转当前行的,那么对于 mxn 的数组来说,每行的二进制数共有n位,最高位是1的话,就是 1<<(n-1),那么共有m行,所以至少能将 m*(1<<(n-1)) 这么大的值收入囊中,既然最高值一定要是1,那么每一行的翻转情况就确定了,若还想增大数字之和,就只能看各列是否还能翻转了,而且是从次高位列开始看,因为最高位列必须保证都是1。由于每一行的翻转情况已经确定了,那么如何才能确定其他位到底是0还是1呢,这里就有个 trick,此时就要看它跟最高位是否相同了,若相同的话,不管最高位初始时是0还是1,最终都要变成1,那么当前位一定最终也会变成1,而一旦跟最高位相反,那么最后一定会是0。我们翻转当前列的条件肯定是希望翻转之后1的个数要更多一些,这样值才能增加,所以就要统计每列当前的1的个数,若小于0的个数,才进行翻转,然后乘以该列的值,对于第j列,其值为 1<<(n-1-j),参见代码如下:
Github 同步地址:
#861
参考资料:
https://leetcode.com/problems/score-after-flipping-matrix/
https://leetcode.com/problems/score-after-flipping-matrix/discuss/143722/C%2B%2BJavaPython-Easy-and-Concise
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