Update Kubernetes version to 1.24

[gongmax]

What type of PR is this?

Uncomment only one /kind <> line, press enter to put that in a new line, and remove leading whitespace from that line:

/kind breaking

/kind bug
/kind cleanup
/kind documentation
/kind feature
/kind hotfix

What this PR does / Why we need it:

Which issue(s) this PR fixes:

Closes #2867

Special notes for your reviewer:

Change Highlights:

• Update k8s version of GKE and EKS terraform submodule to 1.24, and recreate the e2e-test-cluster using the new module.
• Update k8s version of AKS terraform submodule to 1.24.6.
• Update the k8s version of the prow cluster terraform submodule to 1.24, and recreate the prow cluster.
• Update kubectl version in build/build-image/Dockerfile and build/e2e-image/Dockerfile to 1.24.9, which is the latest release of 1.24
• Update the k8s version for Minikube to 1.24.9.
• Update the Kind image to kindest/node:v1.24.7, which is the latest release of it.
• Update Config.toml to reflect the version change.
• Update the k8s image used in the helm pre-delete-hook to lachlanevenson/k8s-kubectl:v1.24.8, which is the latest release of 1.24.
• In go.mod, update k8s.io/api, k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver, k8s.io/apimachinery, and k8s.io/client-go to v0.24.9, run go mod tidy to update go.sum, and then run go mod vendor to update vendor.
• In test/terraform/go.mod, update k8s.io/apimachinery to v0.24.9, and rungo mod tidy to update go.sum.
• Changes to remove the ClusterName field in the ObjectMeta because it was deprecated
• Changes to replace k8s.io/apimachinery/pkg/util/clock with k8s.io/utils/clock because of the deprecation.

[agones-bot]

Build Succeeded 👏

Build Id: 7e52ae8f-e3c5-49b6-b92b-b0323496ed3b

The following development artifacts have been built, and will exist for the next 30 days:

• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-controller:1.29.0-522d60d-amd64
• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-sdk:1.29.0-522d60d-linux-amd64
• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-ping:1.29.0-522d60d-amd64
• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-allocator:1.29.0-522d60d-amd64
• Linux C++ SDK (build): agonessdk-1.29.0-522d60d-amd64-linux-arch_64.tar.gz
• SDK Server: agonessdk-server-1.29.0-522d60d-amd64.zip

A preview of the website (the last 30 builds are retained):

• https://522d60d-dot-preview-dot-agones-images.appspot.com/

To install this version:

• git fetch https://github.com/googleforgames/agones.git pull/2895/head:pr_2895 && git checkout pr_2895
• helm install agones ./install/helm/agones --namespace agones-system --agones.image.release=us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci --set agones.image.tag=1.29.0-522d60d-amd64

[google-oss-prow]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: gongmax, markmandel

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[google-oss-prow]

New changes are detected. LGTM label has been removed.

[markmandel]

@mangalpalli FYI - another PR we're sneaking in before RC.

[agones-bot]

Build Failed 😱

Build Id: 7c25df8c-8625-447a-8ce4-733d3e60996f

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[agones-bot]

Build Succeeded 👏

Build Id: 986b4931-f576-417e-a817-39330c2f23f6

The following development artifacts have been built, and will exist for the next 30 days:

• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-controller:1.29.0-774ffe9-amd64
• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-sdk:1.29.0-774ffe9-linux-amd64
• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-ping:1.29.0-774ffe9-amd64
• image: us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci/agones-allocator:1.29.0-774ffe9-amd64
• Linux C++ SDK (build): agonessdk-1.29.0-774ffe9-amd64-linux-arch_64.tar.gz
• SDK Server: agonessdk-server-1.29.0-774ffe9-amd64.zip

A preview of the website (the last 30 builds are retained):

• https://774ffe9-dot-preview-dot-agones-images.appspot.com/

To install this version:

• git fetch https://github.com/googleforgames/agones.git pull/2895/head:pr_2895 && git checkout pr_2895
• helm install agones ./install/helm/agones --namespace agones-system --agones.image.release=us-docker.pkg.dev/agones-images/ci --set agones.image.tag=1.29.0-774ffe9-amd64