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Invalid JWT Token when using Service Account JSON #3100

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dstufft opened this issue Mar 6, 2017 · 28 comments
Closed

Invalid JWT Token when using Service Account JSON #3100

dstufft opened this issue Mar 6, 2017 · 28 comments
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api: bigquery Issues related to the BigQuery API. auth

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@dstufft
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dstufft commented Mar 6, 2017

  1. OS type and version

macOS Sierra running a Debian Jessie Docker Container

  1. Python version and virtual environment information python --version

CPython 3.5.0, no virtual environment

  1. google-cloud-python version pip show google-cloud, pip show google-<service> or pip freeze

google-cloud-bigquery==0.23.0

  1. Stacktrace if available
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/code.py", line 91, in runcode
    exec(code, self.locals)
  File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/celery/local.py", line 191, in __call__
    return self._get_current_object()(*a, **kw)
  File "/app/warehouse/celery.py", line 53, in __call__
    return super().__call__(pyramid_env["request"], *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/celery/app/task.py", line 379, in __call__
    return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/app/warehouse/packaging/tasks.py", line 58, in compute_trending
    query.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/cloud/bigquery/query.py", line 364, in run
    method='POST', path=path, data=self._build_resource())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py", line 299, in api_request
    headers=headers, target_object=_target_object)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py", line 193, in _make_request
    return self._do_request(method, url, headers, data, target_object)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py", line 223, in _do_request
    body=data)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google_auth_httplib2.py", line 187, in request
    self._request, method, uri, request_headers)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/auth/credentials.py", line 116, in before_request
    self.refresh(request)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/oauth2/service_account.py", line 318, in refresh
    request, self._token_uri, assertion)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py", line 143, in jwt_grant
    response_data = _token_endpoint_request(request, token_uri, body)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py", line 109, in _token_endpoint_request
    _handle_error_response(response_body)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.5/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py", line 59, in _handle_error_response
    error_details, response_body)
google.auth.exceptions.RefreshError: ('invalid_grant: Invalid JWT Signature.', '{\n  "error" : "invalid_grant",\n  "error_description" : "Invalid JWT Signature."\n}')
  1. Steps to reproduce

Try to query anything in BigQuery using a service account with "Viewer" permissions and GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS pointed to a JSON file downloaded when creating the service account.

  1. Code example
bq = bigquery.Client()
query = bq.run_sync_query(
        """ SELECT project,
                   IF(
                        STDDEV(downloads) > 0,
                        (todays_downloads - AVG(downloads))/STDDEV(downloads),
                        NULL
                    ) as zscore
            FROM (
                SELECT project,
                       date,
                       downloads,
                       FIRST_VALUE(downloads) OVER (
                            PARTITION BY project
                            ORDER BY DATE DESC
                            ROWS BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING
                                AND UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING
                        ) as todays_downloads
                FROM (
                    SELECT file.project as project,
                           DATE(timestamp) AS date,
                           COUNT(*) as downloads
                    FROM `the-psf.pypi.downloads*`
                    WHERE _TABLE_SUFFIX BETWEEN
                        FORMAT_DATE(
                            "%Y%m%d",
                            DATE_ADD(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL -31 day))
                        AND
                        FORMAT_DATE(
                            "%Y%m%d",
                            DATE_ADD(CURRENT_DATE(), INTERVAL -1 day))
                    GROUP BY file.project, date
                )
            )
            GROUP BY project, todays_downloads
            HAVING SUM(downloads) >= 5000
            ORDER BY zscore DESC
        """
    )
query.use_legacy_sql = False
query.run()
@tseaver tseaver added api: bigquery Issues related to the BigQuery API. auth labels Mar 6, 2017
@dhermes
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dhermes commented Mar 6, 2017

First, thanks for all the work you do on packaging @dstufft!

@jonparrott Any ideas? @dstufft This probably belongs in https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/google-auth-library-python/, but let's discuss here first.

I've seen an issue where an invalid grant was caused by the clock on the local machine being out of sync by 4+ hours with the real world, but even being wrong by 65 minutes (in either direction) would make one of the "issued at" and "expires" timestamps in the JWT be impossible.

@theacodes
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theacodes commented Mar 6, 2017 via email

@theacodes
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@dstufft I can't reproduce. :(

I can't really debug any further without asking you for sensitive information. Do you mind reaching out to me via email or hangouts? I'm jonwayne at google.com.

@dstufft
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dstufft commented Mar 6, 2017

Sure.

@theacodes
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As per email conversation with @dstufft, closing for now.

@hakanak
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hakanak commented Apr 5, 2017

Hello,
I have the same problem. I am developing an application with C #.
How did you find a solution?
Thank you.

@liangjacky
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liangjacky commented Aug 17, 2017

Having the same problem as well on the java library.

trying to do
credential.refreshToken();
String token = credential.getRefreshToken();
and it fails at the first line, giving the exact same error.

Running from the console with the command:
gcloud auth application-default print-access-token
gives the same error as well.

@theacodes
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@liangjacky can you check your system clock? This is a very strange error and is difficult to reproduce.

@liangjacky
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@jonparrott what about my system clock? Is there a specific command I should run? Sorry for being so layman, but I think the time on my macbook is correct?

@theacodes
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theacodes commented Aug 17, 2017

Basically just ensuring it's not too far off. Are you getting the exact same error? The code you posted in your comment appears to be java/javascript not Python.

@liangjacky
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liangjacky commented Aug 17, 2017

I just synced my time with time.apple.com and and it didn't seem to change anything. Thanks for the suggestion though. To answer your question, I'm getting the exact same error.

invalid_grant + invalid JWT signature. Authenticating using the application-default, and a json key on disk.

@liangjacky
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Sorry, it was an issue with the key I was using. Please ignore my comments.

@aliannejadi
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I am getting the same error. I am running the following code on jupyter notebook with the version:
Python 3.6.1 :: Anaconda 4.4.0 (x86_64)

I checked my system time is synced with Apple server. Here is the code:

from google.cloud import storage
import google.auth

# creds = compute_engine.Credentials()
credentials, project = google.auth.default()
client = storage.Client(credentials=credentials)
# client = storage.Client()
bucket = client.list_buckets()
print(bucket)

for b in bucket:
    print(b)

And here is the stack trace:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
RefreshError                              Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-35-9982667b4ccb> in <module>()
----> 1 for b in bucket:
      2     print(b)

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/iterator.py in _items_iter(self)
    216     def _items_iter(self):
    217         """Iterator for each item returned."""
--> 218         for page in self._page_iter(increment=False):
    219             for item in page:
    220                 self.num_results += 1

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/iterator.py in _page_iter(self, increment)
    245         Yields :class:`Page` instances.
    246         """
--> 247         page = self._next_page()
    248         while page is not None:
    249             self.page_number += 1

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/iterator.py in _next_page(self)
    345         """
    346         if self._has_next_page():
--> 347             response = self._get_next_page_response()
    348             items = response.get(self._items_key, ())
    349             page = Page(self, items, self._item_to_value)

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/iterator.py in _get_next_page_response(self)
    394                 method=self._HTTP_METHOD,
    395                 path=self.path,
--> 396                 query_params=params)
    397         elif self._HTTP_METHOD == 'POST':
    398             return self.client._connection.api_request(

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py in api_request(self, method, path, query_params, data, content_type, headers, api_base_url, api_version, expect_json, _target_object)
    297         response, content = self._make_request(
    298             method=method, url=url, data=data, content_type=content_type,
--> 299             headers=headers, target_object=_target_object)
    300 
    301         if not 200 <= response.status < 300:

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py in _make_request(self, method, url, data, content_type, headers, target_object)
    191         headers['User-Agent'] = self.USER_AGENT
    192 
--> 193         return self._do_request(method, url, headers, data, target_object)
    194 
    195     def _do_request(self, method, url, headers, data,

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py in _do_request(self, method, url, headers, data, target_object)
    221         """
    222         return self.http.request(uri=url, method=method, headers=headers,
--> 223                                  body=data)
    224 
    225     def api_request(self, method, path, query_params=None,

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google_auth_httplib2.py in request(self, uri, method, body, headers, **kwargs)
    185 
    186         self.credentials.before_request(
--> 187             self._request, method, uri, request_headers)
    188 
    189         # Check if the body is a file-like stream, and if so, save the body

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/credentials.py in before_request(self, request, method, url, headers)
    119         # the http request.)
    120         if not self.valid:
--> 121             self.refresh(request)
    122         self.apply(headers)
    123 

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/service_account.py in refresh(self, request)
    308         assertion = self._make_authorization_grant_assertion()
    309         access_token, expiry, _ = _client.jwt_grant(
--> 310             request, self._token_uri, assertion)
    311         self.token = access_token
    312         self.expiry = expiry

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py in jwt_grant(request, token_uri, assertion)
    141     }
    142 
--> 143     response_data = _token_endpoint_request(request, token_uri, body)
    144 
    145     try:

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py in _token_endpoint_request(request, token_uri, body)
    107 
    108     if response.status != http_client.OK:
--> 109         _handle_error_response(response_body)
    110 
    111     response_data = json.loads(response_body)

/Users/MOLi/anaconda/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py in _handle_error_response(response_body)
     57 
     58     raise exceptions.RefreshError(
---> 59         error_details, response_body)
     60 
     61 

RefreshError: ('invalid_grant: Invalid JWT Signature.', '{\n  "error" : "invalid_grant",\n  "error_description" : "Invalid JWT Signature."\n}')

@foresmac
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foresmac commented Feb 20, 2018

@jonparrott I'm getting the same error today using google-cloud-pubsub==0.29.4 and after updating to google-cloud-pubsub==0.30.1. Tried generating a new private key JSON file for my service account.

google.auth.exceptions.RefreshError: 
('invalid_grant: Invalid JWT: Token must be a short-lived token (60 minutes) and in a reasonable 
timeframe. Check your iat and exp values and use a clock with skew to account for clock differences 
between systems.', '{\n  "error" : "invalid_grant",\n  "error_description" : "Invalid JWT: Token must be a 
short-lived token (60 minutes) and in a reasonable timeframe. Check your iat and exp values and use a 
clock with skew to account for clock differences between systems."\n}')

My local system time and my phone time appear to be correct (we are CT so currently UTC-06:00):
screen shot 2018-02-20 at 12 56 16 pm

This is code that has run fine for at least a month until today. It runs inside a Docker container, so there may be some issue there with setting time that I'm just not aware of. Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.

@foresmac
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Ok, I found as issue with Docker for Mac docker/for-mac#2076 (a couple related issues actually, but this one pretty clearly covers the problem). The time of the VM that runs containers drifts from system time, and doesn't appear to reset itself properly. Stopping and restarting Docker for Mac fixed the issue for me.

@versex
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versex commented Apr 27, 2018

Just as a note, I was having the same issue on a windows machine. I was looking at the time on the clock and it was correct, but I was still receiving the error. It ended up being the timezone. Someone had set the clock but they had not changed the timezone to EST.

@johnbalvin
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I had the same problem in another programming language(golang) but think this can work on this language too.

I had that error because I was using a credential file that was deleted on my project, so I just create another credential file, that that solved it

@gauravshimpi
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I am facing same issue in python3.

from dags.util.GCloudStorage import GCloudStorage

client = GCloudStorage(
"/home/gaurav/airflow/dags/script/gcp_credentials/my_gcs_credentials.json", ""project_name)

client.create_bucket("test_bucket")

===============================================================
Here's the GCloudStorage.py looks like:
from google.cloud import storage
from google.oauth2 import service_account
from google.api_core import exceptions

class GCloudStorage:

def __init__(self, credential_file_path, project_id):
    """
    :param credential_file_path: credential File for Authentication.
    :param project_id: project ID
    """
    self.CREDENTIAL_FILE_PATH = credential_file_path
    self.PROJECT_ID = project_id
    self.DATASET_ID = None

def create_connection(self):
    """
    Creates Connection with Google Cloud Storage and returns client.
    :return client: Google Cloud Storage Client
    """
    google_credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(self.CREDENTIAL_FILE_PATH)
    # Construct a BigQuery client object.
    client = storage.Client(project=self.PROJECT_ID, credentials=google_credentials)
    return client

def create_bucket(self, bucket_name):
    """
    Creates a new empty bucket.
    :param bucket_name: name of the bucket.
    :return responseMsg: success or other message.
    """
    # Instantiates a client
    storage_client = self.create_connection()
    response = None
    try:
        bucket = storage_client.create_bucket(bucket_name)
        print(bucket)
        response = "Bucket {} created".format(bucket.name)
    except exceptions.Conflict as error:
        response = "Bucket Already Exist: {}".format(error.code)
    return {"response": response}

def upload_blob(self, bucket_name, source_file_name, destination_blob_name):
    """
    Uploads a file to the bucket.
    :param bucket_name: bucketName
    :param source_file_name: Source File Name
    :param destination_blob_name: Destination Blob Name.
    :return responseMsg: Success or failed response message.
    """
    storage_client = self.create_connection()
    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    blob = bucket.blob(destination_blob_name)
    print("BlobName ---> ", blob)
    blob.upload_from_filename(source_file_name)
    response = "File {} uploaded to {}".format(source_file_name, destination_blob_name)
    print(response)
    return {"response": response}

def delete_bucket(self, bucket_name):
    """
    Deletes a bucket. The bucket must be empty.
    :param bucket_name: bucket Name.
    :return responseMsg: success or failed response message.
    """
    # Instantiates a client
    storage_client = self.create_connection()
    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    bucket.delete()
    response = "Bucket {} deleted".format(bucket.name)
    return {"response": response}

=============================================================
when i run the above create bucket code it gives me below error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/dags/util/test cloud.py", line 7, in
client.create_bucket("test_bucket")
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/dags/util/GCloudStorage.py", line 37, in create_bucket
bucket = storage_client.create_bucket(bucket_name)
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/storage/client.py", line 436, in create_bucket
_target_object=bucket,
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py", line 417, in api_request
timeout=timeout,
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py", line 275, in _make_request
method, url, headers, data, target_object, timeout=timeout
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_http.py", line 313, in _do_request
url=url, method=method, headers=headers, data=data, timeout=timeout
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/transport/requests.py", line 277, in request
self.credentials.before_request(auth_request, method, url, request_headers)
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/credentials.py", line 124, in before_request
self.refresh(request)
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/service_account.py", line 334, in refresh
access_token, expiry, _ = _client.jwt_grant(request, self._token_uri, assertion)
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py", line 153, in jwt_grant
response_data = _token_endpoint_request(request, token_uri, body)
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py", line 124, in _token_endpoint_request
_handle_error_response(response_body)
File "/home/gaurav/airflow/venv/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/oauth2/_client.py", line 60, in _handle_error_response
raise exceptions.RefreshError(error_details, response_body)
google.auth.exceptions.RefreshError: ('invalid_grant: Invalid JWT Signature.', '{\n "error": "invalid_grant",\n "error_description": "Invalid JWT Signature."\n}')

Process finished with exit code 1

I am newbie to GCP, so any silly mistakes will be helpful to me.
Thank you in advance.

@webcat12345
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Really a good catch!!!
#3100 (comment)

With some reason my system clock was 2 hours ahead and setting it back to correct time, all worked well.

@NathanaelZondo
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It was the time that was causing this error. I took my battery out and the laptop lost track of time. Now after reading your comments I just updated the time and everything worked well. Thank you guys.

@ggabriel96
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ggabriel96 commented Sep 11, 2020

Ok, I found as issue with Docker for Mac docker/for-mac#2076 (a couple related issues actually, but this one pretty clearly covers the problem). The time of the VM that runs containers drifts from system time, and doesn't appear to reset itself properly. Stopping and restarting Docker for Mac fixed the issue for me.

I was having the same problem here on Linux and restarting the Docker service solved it for me. Too bad I didn't check the time inside my container before restarting Docker.

Thanks a lot ❤️

@abhishekjiitr
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abhishekjiitr commented Dec 7, 2020

First, thanks for all the work you do on packaging @dstufft!

@jonparrott Any ideas? @dstufft This probably belongs in https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/google-auth-library-python/, but let's discuss here first.

I've seen an issue where an invalid grant was caused by the clock on the local machine being out of sync by 4+ hours with the real world, but even being wrong by 65 minutes (in either direction) would make one of the "issued at" and "expires" timestamps in the JWT be impossible.

I was having the same problem while using GCS, thanks a bunch!
The time of individual machines had somehow drifted, syncing via NTP fixed it.

@j3pic
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j3pic commented Dec 17, 2020

I'm running into this issue, and I know for certain that the time being used by the SDK is the correct time. I extracted the exact JWT that was being posted and verified that the exp being posted was in the future. The iat timestamp was set a few minutes in the past.

@kenyerman
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I have this issue but my code is deployed as a cloud function. What should i do?

@abhinavkbij
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abhinavkbij commented Sep 3, 2021

I was getting the same error in Python 3.7. Created a new key and set it in the GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS env var, somehow the error went away. Not sure it will work for everyone but worth a try.

@aszeli
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aszeli commented Sep 21, 2021

I was getting this error. Turns out it had been too long since I'd run gcloud auth activate-service-account and my credentials had expired

parthea pushed a commit that referenced this issue Jul 6, 2023
…3100)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3100)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-api-python-client](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client) | minor | `==1.7.11` -> `==1.8.0` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>google/google-api-python-client</summary>

### [`v1.8.0`](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/releases/v1.8.0)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.7.12...v1.8.0)

Release to support API endpoint override.

  New Features

-   Add api endpoint override. ([#&#8203;829](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/829))

    Implementation Changes

-   Don't set http.redirect_codes if the attr doesn't exist and allow more httplib2 versions. ([#&#8203;841](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/841))

### [`v1.7.12`](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/releases/v1.7.12)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.7.11...v1.7.12)

Bugfix release

  Implementation Changes

-   Look for field 'detail' in error message. ([#&#8203;739](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/739))
-   Exclude 308s from httplib2 redirect codes list ([#&#8203;813](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/813))

    Documentation 

-   Remove oauth2client from docs ([#&#8203;738](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/738))
-   Fix typo. ([#&#8203;745](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/745))
-   Remove compatibility badges. ([#&#8203;746](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/746))
-   Fix TypeError: search_analytics_api_sample.py [#&#8203;732](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/issues/732) ([#&#8203;742](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/742))
-   Correct response access ([#&#8203;750](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/750))
-   Fix link to API explorer ([#&#8203;760](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/760))
-   Fix argument typo in oauth2 code example ([#&#8203;763](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/763))
-   Recommend install with virtualenv ([#&#8203;768](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/768))
-   Fix capitalization in docs/README.md ([#&#8203;770](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/770))

-   Remove compatibility badges ([#&#8203;796](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/796))
-   Remove mentions of pycrypto ([#&#8203;799](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/799))
-   Fix typo in model.py
-   Add note about Google Ads llibrary ([#&#8203;814](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/814))

  Internal / Testing Changes

-   Blacken ([#&#8203;772](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/722))
-   Move kokoro configs ([#&#8203;832](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/832))

</details>

---

### Renovate configuration

:date: **Schedule**: At any time (no schedule defined).

:vertical_traffic_light: **Automerge**: Disabled by config. Please merge this manually once you are satisfied.

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parthea pushed a commit that referenced this issue Oct 21, 2023
* Add Monitoring v3 Samples


Refactor v2 samples in to separate directory
Add v3 Samples
Renamed auth to list_env

* Update requirements

* Fix metric.name

All the filters should be metric.type (API
change, name is now the fully qualified
REST resource).

* Monitoring Doc Fixups

* Use Main Project (now whitelisted)

* Fix minor typo in custom_metric.py

* Mark Monitoring As Flaky

* Updating requirements.

Change-Id: I95c7ddfe77430a2800d09e329f23ba8b2b939be2

* Don’t send name in create custom metric

* updating requirements [(#358)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#358)

Change-Id: I6177a17fad021e26ed76679d9db34848c17b62a8

* Update Reqs

* Fix flaky custom metric test.

Change-Id: Ia2628f205537099d28415412fe302763f17c3081

* Update requirements. [(#436)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#436)

* Remove output only fields [(#454)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#454)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#459)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#459)

* Fix import order lint errors

Change-Id: Ieaf7237fc6f925daec46a07d2e81a452b841198a

* bump

Change-Id: I02e7767d13ba267ee9fc72c5b68a57013bb8b8d3

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#470)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#470)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#476)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#476)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#486)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#486)

* Stackdriver product rename [(#508)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#508)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#537)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#537)

* Fix lint issues

Change-Id: I0af78055cf33393a737f44acea2ba14555f494e1

* Fix monitoring test

Change-Id: I31c4dc368617996bc5b95c1414a39b9d45e11ebe

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#584)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#584)

* Generate readmes for most service samples [(#599)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#599)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#609)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#609)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#625)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#625)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#629)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#629)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#735)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#735)

* Auto-update dependencies.
* Fix language OCR sample
* Remove unused import

* Add region tags for writing time series [(#757)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#757)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#762)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#762)

* Cleanup metric descriptors [(#776)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#776)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#783)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#783)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#785)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#785)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#790)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#790)

* Add Monitoring Google Cloud Samples [(#789)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#789)

* Add Monitoring Google Cloud Samples

* jon wayne review

* fixups

* Fix tests

* jonwayne

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#794)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#794)

* Monitoring Region Tags [(#796)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#796)

* Add get metric descriptor [(#797)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#797)

* Fix mon reginos [(#798)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#798)

* Fix monitoring tests [(#799)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#799)

* Fix monitoring tests

* Fixing monitoring tests

Change-Id: I9e5d2a1143381430cc790085f90e210f9495d630

* Remove usage of GoogleCredentials [(#810)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#810)

* Update monitoring region tags [(#830)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#830)

* Remove cloud config fixture [(#887)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#887)

* Remove cloud config fixture

* Fix client secrets

* Fix bigtable instance

* Remove resource [(#890)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#890)

* Remove resource fixture

* Remove remote resource

* De-flake metric test

* Fix lint issues

* Fix reference to our testing tools

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#914)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#914)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* xfail the error reporting test

* Fix lint

* Re-generate all readmes

* Fix README rst links [(#962)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#962)

* Fix README rst links

* Update all READMEs

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1004)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1004)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Fix natural language samples

* Fix pubsub iam samples

* Fix language samples

* Fix bigquery samples

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1055)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1055)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Explicitly use latest bigtable client

Change-Id: Id71e9e768f020730e4ca9514a0d7ebaa794e7d9e

* Revert language update for now

Change-Id: I8867f154e9a5aae00d0047c9caf880e5e8f50c53

* Remove pdb. smh

Change-Id: I5ff905fadc026eebbcd45512d4e76e003e3b2b43

* Update monitoring samples to use more descriptive variable names [(#1058)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1058)

Change-Id: I648cd686a10399b7f92373fdcd48708396fd7140

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1093)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1093)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Fix storage notification poll sample

Change-Id: I6afbc79d15e050531555e4c8e51066996717a0f3

* Fix spanner samples

Change-Id: I40069222c60d57e8f3d3878167591af9130895cb

* Drop coverage because it's not useful

Change-Id: Iae399a7083d7866c3c7b9162d0de244fbff8b522

* Try again to fix flaky logging test

Change-Id: I6225c074701970c17c426677ef1935bb6d7e36b4

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1094)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1094)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Relax assertions in the ocr_nl sample

Change-Id: I6d37e5846a8d6dd52429cb30d501f448c52cbba1

* Drop unused logging apiary samples

Change-Id: I545718283773cb729a5e0def8a76ebfa40829d51

* Update all generated readme auth instructions [(#1121)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1121)

Change-Id: I03b5eaef8b17ac3dc3c0339fd2c7447bd3e11bd2

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1133)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1133)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Fix missing http library

Change-Id: I99faa600f2f3f1f50f57694fc9835d7f35bda250

* Added Link to Python Setup Guide [(#1158)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1158)

* Update Readme.rst to add Python setup guide

As requested in b/64770713.

This sample is linked in documentation https://cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs/scaling, and it would make more sense to update the guide here than in the documentation.

* Update README.rst

* Update README.rst

* Update README.rst

* Update README.rst

* Update README.rst

* Update install_deps.tmpl.rst

* Updated readmegen scripts and re-generated related README files

* Fixed the lint error

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1186)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1186)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1217)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1217)

* Added "Open in Cloud Shell" buttons to README files [(#1254)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1254)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1309)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1309)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1320)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1320)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1355)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1355)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1359)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1359)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1377)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1377)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Update requirements.txt

* Fix client instantiation [(#1396)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1396)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Regenerate the README files and fix the Open in Cloud Shell link for some samples [(#1441)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1441)

* Update READMEs to fix numbering and add git clone [(#1464)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1464)

* Fix monitoring region tags. [(#1472)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1472)

* Sample's for stackdriver's uptime check api. [(#1478)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1478)

* Sample's for stackdriver's uptime check api.

* Add doc tags.

* Stackdriver monitoring alerts sample. [(#1475)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1475)

* Stackdriver monitoring alerts sample.

* Lint

* py27 tests pass

* Accomodate reviewer's comments.

* Add spaces around code blocks, Inc => LLC, and add docstring.

* Reformat doc comments to look like Google doc comments.

* Add more doc tags to alerts sample. [(#1483)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1483)

* Add more doc tags to alerts sample.

* lint

* Update monitoring samples to use version 0.29.0 of the client library. [(#1495)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1495)

* Update monitoring samples to use version 0.29.0 of the client library.

* Fix typo.

* Add sample to update a cloud monitoring uptime check. [(#1508)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1508)

* Add sample to update a cloud monitoring uptime check.

* Replace double quotes with single quotes.

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1658)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1658)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Rollback appengine/standard/bigquery/.

* Rollback appengine/standard/iap/.

* Rollback bigtable/metricscaler.

* Rolledback appengine/flexible/datastore.

* Rollback dataproc/

* Rollback jobs/api_client

* Rollback vision/cloud-client.

* Rollback functions/ocr/app.

* Rollback iot/api-client/end_to_end_example.

* Rollback storage/cloud-client.

* Rollback kms/api-client.

* Rollback dlp/

* Rollback bigquery/cloud-client.

* Rollback iot/api-client/manager.

* Rollback appengine/flexible/cloudsql_postgresql.

* Time series tests use random unique name to avoid limits [(#1776)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1776)

* Time series tests use random unique name to avoid limits

* Lint wants another blank line here

* Use current debian image family

* Restore to old state. Work should be on different branch.

* Update snippets.py

* Added new region tag [(#1844)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1844)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1846)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1846)

ACK, merging.

* New snippet to delete notification channel [(#1920)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1920)

New snippet to delete notification channel

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#1980)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#1980)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Update requirements.txt

* Update requirements.txt

* monitoring/metrics: update from 5 to 20 minutes [(#2210)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2210)

* Make backup/restore file name a parameter [(#2248)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2248)

* Make backup/restore file a parameter

Previously was hard coded as 'backup.json'

* Added parameter to test function calls

* Adds split updates for Firebase ... opencensus [(#2438)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2438)

* Auto-update dependencies. [(#2005)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2005)

* Auto-update dependencies.

* Revert update of appengine/flexible/datastore.

* revert update of appengine/flexible/scipy

* revert update of bigquery/bqml

* revert update of bigquery/cloud-client

* revert update of bigquery/datalab-migration

* revert update of bigtable/quickstart

* revert update of compute/api

* revert update of container_registry/container_analysis

* revert update of dataflow/run_template

* revert update of datastore/cloud-ndb

* revert update of dialogflow/cloud-client

* revert update of dlp

* revert update of functions/imagemagick

* revert update of functions/ocr/app

* revert update of healthcare/api-client/fhir

* revert update of iam/api-client

* revert update of iot/api-client/gcs_file_to_device

* revert update of iot/api-client/mqtt_example

* revert update of language/automl

* revert update of run/image-processing

* revert update of vision/automl

* revert update testing/requirements.txt

* revert update of vision/cloud-client/detect

* revert update of vision/cloud-client/product_search

* revert update of jobs/v2/api_client

* revert update of jobs/v3/api_client

* revert update of opencensus

* revert update of translate/cloud-client

* revert update to speech/cloud-client

Co-authored-by: Kurtis Van Gent <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: Doug Mahugh <[email protected]>

* fix: monitoring tests [(#2995)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2995)

* fix: monitoring tests

* Add eventually consistent to flaky test

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.11.2 [(#2724)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2724)

Co-authored-by: Leah E. Cole <[email protected]>

* Simplify noxfile setup. [(#2806)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#2806)

* chore(deps): update dependency requests to v2.23.0

* Simplify noxfile and add version control.

* Configure appengine/standard to only test Python 2.7.

* Update Kokokro configs to match noxfile.

* Add requirements-test to each folder.

* Remove Py2 versions from everything execept appengine/standard.

* Remove conftest.py.

* Remove appengine/standard/conftest.py

* Remove 'no-sucess-flaky-report' from pytest.ini.

* Add GAE SDK back to appengine/standard tests.

* Fix typo.

* Roll pytest to python 2 version.

* Add a bunch of testing requirements.

* Remove typo.

* Add appengine lib directory back in.

* Add some additional requirements.

* Fix issue with flake8 args.

* Even more requirements.

* Readd appengine conftest.py.

* Add a few more requirements.

* Even more Appengine requirements.

* Add webtest for appengine/standard/mailgun.

* Add some additional requirements.

* Add workaround for issue with mailjet-rest.

* Add responses for appengine/standard/mailjet.

Co-authored-by: Renovate Bot <[email protected]>

* [monitoring] fix: use retrying module in the fixture class [(#3285)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3285)

* fix: use retrying module in the fixture class

fixes #2971
fixes #2972
fixes #2973
fixes #3085

It will likely fix those issues, not guaranteed, but it's worth a try.

* [monitoring] testing: mitigate 409 conflicts [(#3311)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3311)

* [monitoring] testing: mitigate 409 conflicts

fixes #2971

* retry on ServiceUnavailable too
* reduce the number of api calls
* mark tests as flaky instead of having retries
* fix the rerun_filter implementation
* add randomness to the sleep calls
* lonter wait, better teardown
* allow both messages

* switch to regular flaky in monitoring [(#3333)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3333)

* switch to regular flaky

* minor assertion adjustment

* address nit

* Update dependency tabulate to v0.8.7 [(#3202)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3202)

Co-authored-by: Leah E. Cole <[email protected]>

The error is a known error that does not have to do with this dependency change

* Update dependency google-auth to v1.14.0 [(#3148)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3148)

Co-authored-by: Leah E. Cole <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.8.0 [(#3100)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3100)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-api-python-client](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client) | minor | `==1.7.11` -> `==1.8.0` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>google/google-api-python-client</summary>

### [`v1.8.0`](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/releases/v1.8.0)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.7.12...v1.8.0)

Release to support API endpoint override.

  New Features

-   Add api endpoint override. ([#&#8203;829](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/829))

    Implementation Changes

-   Don't set http.redirect_codes if the attr doesn't exist and allow more httplib2 versions. ([#&#8203;841](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/841))

### [`v1.7.12`](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/releases/v1.7.12)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.7.11...v1.7.12)

Bugfix release

  Implementation Changes

-   Look for field 'detail' in error message. ([#&#8203;739](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/739))
-   Exclude 308s from httplib2 redirect codes list ([#&#8203;813](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/813))

    Documentation 

-   Remove oauth2client from docs ([#&#8203;738](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/738))
-   Fix typo. ([#&#8203;745](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/745))
-   Remove compatibility badges. ([#&#8203;746](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/746))
-   Fix TypeError: search_analytics_api_sample.py [#&#8203;732](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/issues/732) ([#&#8203;742](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/742))
-   Correct response access ([#&#8203;750](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/750))
-   Fix link to API explorer ([#&#8203;760](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/760))
-   Fix argument typo in oauth2 code example ([#&#8203;763](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/763))
-   Recommend install with virtualenv ([#&#8203;768](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/768))
-   Fix capitalization in docs/README.md ([#&#8203;770](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/770))

-   Remove compatibility badges ([#&#8203;796](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/796))
-   Remove mentions of pycrypto ([#&#8203;799](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/799))
-   Fix typo in model.py
-   Add note about Google Ads llibrary ([#&#8203;814](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/814))

  Internal / Testing Changes

-   Blacken ([#&#8203;772](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/722))
-   Move kokoro configs ([#&#8203;832](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/pull/832))

</details>

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* chore(deps): update dependency google-cloud-monitoring to v0.35.0 [(#3459)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3459)

Co-authored-by: Leah E. Cole <[email protected]>

* [monitoring] chore: remove gcp-devrel-py-tools [(#3480)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3480)

* [monitoring] chore: remove gcp-devrel-py-tools

* fixed the infinite loop

* fix 404 error

* Update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.8.2 [(#3452)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3452)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-api-python-client](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client) | patch | `==1.8.0` -> `==1.8.2` |
| [google-api-python-client](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client) | minor | `==1.7.11` -> `==1.8.2` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>google/google-api-python-client</summary>

### [`v1.8.2`](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;182-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapisgoogle-api-python-clientcomparev181v182-2020-04-21)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.8.1...v1.8.2)

### [`v1.8.1`](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;181-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapisgoogle-api-python-clientcomparev180v181-2020-04-20)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/google/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.8.0...v1.8.1)

</details>

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* testing: replace @flaky with @pytest.mark.flaky [(#3496)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3496)

* testing: replace @flaky with @pytest.mark.flaky

* lint

* mark few tests as flaky

that involves LRO polling.

* lint

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.14.1 [(#3464)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3464)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-auth](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python) | patch | `==1.14.0` -> `==1.14.1` |
| [google-auth](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python) | minor | `==1.11.2` -> `==1.14.1` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>googleapis/google-auth-library-python</summary>

### [`v1.14.1`](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;1141-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapisgoogle-auth-library-pythoncomparev1140v1141-2020-04-21)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python/compare/v1.14.0...v1.14.1)

</details>

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* [monitoring] fix: use backoff for writing the value [(#3697)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3697)

* [monitoring] fix: use backoff for writing the value

fixes #3694

* use uuid

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.14.2 [(#3724)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3724)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-auth](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python) | patch | `==1.14.1` -> `==1.14.2` |

---

### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>googleapis/google-auth-library-python</summary>

### [`v1.14.2`](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;1142-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapisgoogle-auth-library-pythoncomparev1141v1142-2020-05-07)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python/compare/v1.14.1...v1.14.2)

</details>

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* chore: some lint fixes [(#3748)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3748)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.14.3 [(#3728)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3728)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-auth](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python) | patch | `==1.14.2` -> `==1.14.3` |

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<details>
<summary>googleapis/google-auth-library-python</summary>

### [`v1.14.3`](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;1143-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapisgoogle-auth-library-pythoncomparev1142v1143-2020-05-11)

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* Add request_method to create example. [(#3745)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3745)

Co-authored-by: Takashi Matsuo <[email protected]>

* testing: multi project noxfile-template.py [(#3700)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3700)

* testing: prototpe for multi project noxfile.py

* correct project names

* introduce TEST_CONFIG

* modify noxfile-template, add default config

* changed how we import user config

* fix stale comments

* use different project for python 3.6 and 3.7

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also simplified the config
stop runnint `gcloud update`
add a warning about editing noxfile.py

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* more print debuggin

* adding cwd to sys.path

* removed debug print, display details of ImportError

* use the usual test project

* stop setting gcloud project

* simplified the noxfile-template

* [monitoring] testing: start using build specific projects [(#3771)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3771)

Also added `required_api_url` and `required_role` field in `README.rst.in`.

A part of #3310 

Note: Now the service account has permission only on the project for py36 build, so py37 build should fail.

* chore(deps): update dependency google-cloud-monitoring to v0.36.0 [(#3783)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3783)

Co-authored-by: Leah E. Cole <[email protected]>

* update google-auth to 1.15.0 final part [(#3819)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3819)

* update google-api-python-client to 1.8.3 final part [(#3827)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3827)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.8.4 [(#3881)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3881)

Co-authored-by: Bu Sun Kim <[email protected]>
Co-authored-by: gcf-merge-on-green[bot] <60162190+gcf-merge-on-green[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

* [monitoring] fix: use the same random value for retry [(#3900)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3900)

* [monitoring] fix: use the same random value for retry

fixes #3875

* Just reseed in `write_value()`

* revert comment

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.16.0 [(#3903)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3903)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.9.1 [(#3930)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3930)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-cloud-monitoring to v1 [(#3950)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3950)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-cloud-monitoring](https://togithub.com/googleapis/python-monitoring) | major | `==0.36.0` -> `==1.0.0` |

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### Release Notes

<details>
<summary>googleapis/python-monitoring</summary>

### [`v1.0.0`](https://togithub.com/googleapis/python-monitoring/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;100-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapispython-monitoringcomparev0360v100-2020-06-03)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/googleapis/python-monitoring/compare/v0.36.0...v1.0.0)

##### Features

-   set release_status to Production/Stable ([#&#8203;8](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-monitoring/issues/8)) ([a99d67a](https://www.github.com/googleapis/python-monitoring/commit/a99d67a4f1399b9a74f189c6332cd85e56149fac))

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* final update for google-auth [(#3967)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3967)

* testing: start using btlr [(#3959)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#3959)

* testing: start using btlr

The binary is at gs://cloud-devrel-kokoro-resources/btlr/v0.0.1/btlr

* add period after DIFF_FROM

* use array for btlr args

* fix websocket tests

* add debug message

* wait longer for the server to spin up

* dlp: bump the wait timeout to 10 minutes

* [run] copy noxfile.py to child directory to avoid gcloud issue

* [iam] fix: only display description when the key exists

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* [iot] testing: use the same format for registry id

* Stop asserting Out of memory not in the output

* fix missing imports

* [dns] testing: more retries with delay

* [dlp] testing: longer timeout

* use the max-concurrency flag

* use 30 workers

* [monitoring] use multiple projects

* [dlp] testing: longer timeout

* Replace GCLOUD_PROJECT with GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT. [(#4022)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4022)

* Update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.9.2 [(#4038)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4038)

* Update dependency google-auth to v1.17.0 [(#4058)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4058)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.17.1 [(#4073)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4073)

* Update dependency google-auth to v1.17.2 [(#4083)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4083)

* Update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.9.3 [(#4057)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4057)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-api-python-client](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client) | patch | `==1.9.2` -> `==1.9.3` |

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* Update dependency google-auth to v1.18.0 [(#4125)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4125)

* [monitoring] fix: mitigate flake [(#4153)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4153)

fixes #4150

* fix(monitoring): also retry upon DeadlineExceeded [(#4202)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4202)

fixes #4180

Co-authored-by: Bu Sun Kim <[email protected]>

* Create example for POST check. [(#4082)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4082)

* Add create example for POST check.

* Small fixes for POST check stuff.

* Have create example be one tag block

* Syntax fixes

* Small fixes.

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Co-authored-by: Leah E. Cole <[email protected]>

* Update dependency google-auth-httplib2 to v0.0.4 [(#4255)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4255)

Co-authored-by: Takashi Matsuo <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): pin dependencies [(#4280)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4280)

* chore(deps): pin dependencies

* specify python version for appengine standard

Co-authored-by: Leah Cole <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): update dependency pytest to v5.4.3 [(#4279)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4279)

* chore(deps): update dependency pytest to v5.4.3

* specify pytest for python 2 in appengine

Co-authored-by: Leah Cole <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): update dependency mock to v4 [(#4287)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4287)

* chore(deps): update dependency mock to v4

* specify mock version for appengine python 2

Co-authored-by: Leah Cole <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.19.0 [(#4293)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4293)

* Update dependency flaky to v3.7.0 [(#4300)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4300)

* Update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.10.0 [(#4302)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4302)

This PR contains the following updates:

| Package | Update | Change |
|---|---|---|
| [google-api-python-client](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client) | minor | `==1.9.3` -> `==1.10.0` |

---

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<details>
<summary>googleapis/google-api-python-client</summary>

### [`v1.10.0`](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md#&#8203;1100-httpswwwgithubcomgoogleapisgoogle-api-python-clientcomparev193v1100-2020-07-15)

[Compare Source](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.9.3...v1.10.0)

##### Features

-   allow to use 'six.moves.collections_abc.Mapping' in 'client_options.from_dict()' ([#&#8203;943](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/943)) ([21af37b](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/21af37b11ea2d6a89b3df484e1b2fa1d12849510))
-   Build universal wheels ([#&#8203;948](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/948)) ([3e28a1e](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/3e28a1e0d47f829182cd92f37475ab91fa5e4afc))
-   discovery supports retries ([#&#8203;967](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/967)) ([f3348f9](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/f3348f98bf91a88a28bf61b12b95e391cc3be1ff)), closes [#&#8203;848](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/848)

##### Documentation

-   consolidating and updating the Contribution Guide ([#&#8203;964](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/964)) ([63f97f3](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/63f97f37daee37a725eb05df3097b20d5d4eaaf0)), closes [#&#8203;963](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/963)

##### [1.9.3](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.9.2...v1.9.3) (2020-06-10)

##### Bug Fixes

-   update GOOGLE_API_USE_MTLS values ([#&#8203;940](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/940)) ([19908ed](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/19908edcd8a3df1db41e34100acc1f15c3c99397))

##### [1.9.2](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.9.1...v1.9.2) (2020-06-04)

##### Bug Fixes

-   bump api-core version ([#&#8203;936](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/936)) ([ee53b3b](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/ee53b3b32a050874ba4cfb491fb384f94682c824))

##### [1.9.1](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/compare/v1.9.0...v1.9.1) (2020-06-02)

##### Bug Fixes

-   fix python-api-core dependency issue ([#&#8203;931](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/issues/931)) ([42028ed](https://www.github.com/googleapis/google-api-python-client/commit/42028ed2b2be47f85b70eb813185264f1f573d01))

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* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.19.1 [(#4304)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4304)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.19.2 [(#4321)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4321)

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| [google-auth](https://togithub.com/googleapis/google-auth-library-python) | patch | `==1.19.1` -> `==1.19.2` |

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* Update dependency google-auth to v1.20.0 [(#4387)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4387)

* Update dependency pytest to v6 [(#4390)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4390)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.20.1 [(#4452)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4452)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.10.1 [(#4557)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4557)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.10.1

* Update requirements.txt

Co-authored-by: Takashi Matsuo <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): update dependency google-cloud-monitoring to v1.1.0 [(#4561)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4561)

* Update dependency google-auth to v1.21.0 [(#4588)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4588)

* Update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.11.0 [(#4587)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4587)

Co-authored-by: Takashi Matsuo <[email protected]>

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.21.1 [(#4634)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4634)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.21.2 [(#4684)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4684)

* fix(monitoring): retry in the test setup [(#4702)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4702)

fixes #4687
fixes #4688
fixes #4689
fixes #4690

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.12.1 [(#4674)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4674)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-auth to v1.21.3 [(#4754)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4754)

* chore(deps): update dependency google-api-python-client to v1.12.2 [(#4751)](GoogleCloudPlatform/python-docs-samples#4751)

* chore: update template

* chore: add BUILD_SPECIFIC_GCLOUD_PROJECT env var

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===This is the problem i am facing in python 3.7, i saw a comment to correct my system clock, i did but it still showed the same error.
Below is the code and the error it gave me===

import firebase_admin
from firebase_admin import credentials
from firebase_admin import db

cred = credentials.Certificate("serviceAccountKey.json")
firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred, {
'databaseURL': "https://faceattendancerealtime-2b9ec-default-rtdb.firebaseio.com/"
})

ref = db.reference('Students')

data = {
"321654":
{
"name": "Jackson Green",
"major": "Engineering",
"starting_year": 2017,
"total_attendance": 6,
"standing": "G",
"year": 4,
"last_attendance_time": "2022-12-11 00:54:34"
}
}

for key, value in data.items():
ref.child(key).set(value)

===Above is the code===
===Below is the error i recieved===

C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\auth_init_.py:55: Python37DeprecationWarning: After January 1, 2024, new releases of this library will drop support for Python 3.7. More details about Python 3.7 support can be found at https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/python37-sunset/
warnings.warn(message, Python37DeprecationWarning)
C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\oauth2_init_.py:40: Python37DeprecationWarning: After January 1, 2024, new releases of this library will drop support for Python 3.7. More details about Python 3.7 support can be found at https://cloud.google.com/python/docs/python37-sunset/
warnings.warn(message, Python37DeprecationWarning)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\AddDataToDatabase.py", line 46, in
ref.child(key).set(value)
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\firebase_admin\db.py", line 264, in set
self._client.request('put', self._add_suffix(), json=value, params='print=silent')
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\firebase_admin\db.py", line 929, in request
return super(_Client, self).request(method, url, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\firebase_admin_http_client.py", line 118, in request
resp = self._session.request(method, self.base_url + url, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\auth\transport\requests.py", line 538, in request
self.credentials.before_request(auth_request, method, url, request_headers)
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\auth\credentials.py", line 175, in before_request
self.refresh(request)
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\oauth2\service_account.py", line 439, in refresh
request, self._token_uri, assertion
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\oauth2_client.py", line 314, in jwt_grant
metrics.API_CLIENT_HEADER: metrics.token_request_access_token_sa_assertion()
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\oauth2_client.py", line 279, in _token_endpoint_request
_handle_error_response(response_data, retryable_error)
File "C:\Users\Hysoka\PycharmProjects\FaceRegcognitionRealTimeDatabase\venv\lib\site-packages\google\oauth2_client.py", line 73, in _handle_error_response
error_details, response_data, retryable=retryable_error
google.auth.exceptions.RefreshError: ('invalid_grant: Invalid JWT: Token must be a short-lived token (60 minutes) and in a reasonable timeframe. Check your iat and exp values in the JWT claim.', {'error': 'invalid_grant', 'error_description': 'Invalid JWT: Token must be a short-lived token (60 minutes) and in a reasonable timeframe. Check your iat and exp values in the JWT claim.'})

===I would really need help here thank you===

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