Add a slide on match to control flow section (#2515)

src/SUMMARY.md

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
     - [Solution](types-and-values/solution.md)
 - [Control Flow Basics](control-flow-basics.md)
   - [`if` Expressions](control-flow-basics/if.md)
+  - [`match` Expressions](control-flow-basics/match.md)
   - [Loops](control-flow-basics/loops.md)
     - [`for`](control-flow-basics/loops/for.md)
     - [`loop`](control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md)

src/control-flow-basics/match.md

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+---
+minutes: 5
+---
+
+# `match` Expressions
+
+`match` can be used to check a value against one or more options:
+
+```rust,editable
+fn main() {
+    let val = 1;
+    match val {
+        1 => println!("one"),
+        10 => println!("ten"),
+        100 => println!("one hundred"),
+        _ => {
+            println!("something else");
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+Like `if` expressions, `match` can also return a value;
+
+```rust,editable
+fn main() {
+    let flag = true;
+    let val = match flag {
+        true => 1,
+        false => 0,
+    };
+    println!("The value of {flag} is {val}");
+}
+```
+
+<details>
+
+- `match` arms are evaluated from top to bottom, and the first one that matches
+  has its corresponding body executed.
+
+- There is no fall-through between cases the way that `switch` works in other
+  languages.
+
+- The body of a `match` arm can be a single expression or a block. Technically
+  this is the same thing, since blocks are also expressions, but students may
+  not fully understand that symmetry at this point.
+
+- `match` expressions need to be exhaustive, meaning they either need to cover
+  all possible values or they need to have a default case such as `_`.
+  Exhaustiveness is easiest to demonstrate with enums, but enums haven't been
+  introduced yet. Instead we demonstrate matching on a `bool`, which is the
+  simplest primitive type.
+
+- This slide introduces `match` without talking about pattern matching, giving
+  students a chance to get familiar with the syntax without front-loading too
+  much information. We'll be talking about pattern matching in more detail
+  tomorrow, so try not to go into too much detail here.
+
+## More to Explore
+
+- To further motivate the usage of `match`, you can compare the examples to
+  their equivalents written with `if`. In the second case matching on a `bool`
+  an `if {} else {}` block is pretty similar. But in the first example that
+  checks multiple cases, a `match` expression can be more concise than
+  `if {} else if {} else if {} else`.
+
+- `match` also supports match guards, which allow you to add an arbitrary
+  logical condition that will get evaluated to determine if the match arm should
+  be taken. However talking about match guards requires explaining about pattern
+  matching, which we're trying to avoid on this slide.
+
+</details>

src/pattern-matching/match.md

@@ -5,9 +5,8 @@ minutes: 10
 # Matching Values
 
 The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. The
-comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins.
-
-The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:
+patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++, but they can
+also be used to express more complex conditions:
 
 ```rust,editable
 #[rustfmt::skip]
@@ -23,18 +22,11 @@ fn main() {
 }
 ```
 
-The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The expressions
-_must_ be exhaustive, meaning that it covers every possibility, so `_` is often
-used as the final catch-all case.
-
-Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have the
-same type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the example
-above, the type is `()`.
-
 A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that can
-be used within the match arm.
+be used within the match arm. We will learn more about this on the next slide.
 
-A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true.
+A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true. If the
+condition is false the match will continue checking later cases.
 
 <details>